What to do if menstruation does not start. Reasons for missed periods other than pregnancy How do menstruation pass in women - features of the female body

A woman who cares about her health always monitors the duration of the menstrual cycle, because every time it starts, a new small stage in life occurs.

For some, this is the starting point for calculating the date of ovulation and planning a baby. For others, it's the start of the "safe" days, or the first day of taking a new pack of oral contraceptives to prevent unwanted pregnancies. If the menstruation does not start on time, then all women begin to experience anxiety and look for the reason why there is no menstruation.

What are the reasons for missed periods?

Amenorrhea (this is what doctors call the absence of menstruation) can be:

Primary - they talk about this form of amenorrhea if, when a girl reaches the upper limit of sexual maturity (15-16 years), menstruation does not begin.
This type of amenorrhea leads to serious illnesses hypothalamic-pituitary system (congenital adrenogenital syndrome), disorders of the genetic laying of the ovaries, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, severe forms of hypothyroidism (decreased thyroid function).
With all these diseases, the absence of menstruation will be only one of many symptoms.
Secondary - if, during a normal, established menstrual cycle in women under the age of 45, there is a sudden disappearance of menstruation for more than six months.

For the reasons that caused the secondary absence of menstruation, the following types of amenorrhea are distinguished:

Physiological - due to changes in the body, menstruation does not go on in a pregnant and lactating woman, as well as in women who have entered the menopause period. This is considered normal.

Pathological:

in the presence of gynecological problems (inflammatory diseases of the uterine mucosa - endometritis; with narrowing of the cervix);
hormonal disorders (sclerocystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis), in which there is no cyclic maturation and rejection of the endometrium;
tumors of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. These parts of the brain act as the main regulators of sex hormones, so when they are damaged, the reproductive system also suffers;
with some diseases of the endocrine system (nodes in the thyroid gland);
with false pregnancy - this condition occurs in extremely suspicious girls with prolonged infertility or with a panic fear of motherhood. At the same time, signs characteristic of a real pregnancy develop: there are no periods, the abdomen and mammary glands increase, symptoms of toxicosis appear.
pathology nervous system(anorexia nervosa, in which, due to the general exhaustion of the body, the functioning of all organs and systems deteriorates, including the work of the ovaries;
wartime amenorrhea - during severe stressful situations, the production of female sex hormones is inhibited);
with severe infectious diseases(tuberculosis, hepatitis, sepsis);
with traumatic injuries of the female genital organs (after an abortion, when removing intrauterine device, interventions during or after childbirth);
under the influence of ionizing radiation.

What are the symptoms of this?

Complaints that occur in women with amenorrhea are different and depend on the specific reason for the absence of menstruation:

What to do in the absence of menstruation?

If a woman does not have her period for the first time at the appointed time, it is necessary first of all not to panic, but to calmly consider what to do next:

Main diagnostic procedures which are carried out in such cases:

The treatment of this problem is always complex, and includes hormonal and anti-inflammatory drugs, treatment of underlying diseases, taking multivitamins, and physiotherapy. In some cases, resort to surgical treatment.

In no case should you ignore amenorrhea in the hope that maybe it will go away on its own. If you hesitate for a long time and postpone a visit to the doctor, the problem of the absence of menstruation can have serious consequences - from an abnormally developing tubal pregnancy to infertility.

Women sometimes experience menstrual irregularities. If menstruation does not go, first of all, you should consult a gynecologist. To treat this problem, hormonal drugs can be used, which should be prescribed by a qualified doctor. In addition to these drugs, a variety of physiotherapeutic complexes can be used to increase the body's performance.

Functional disruption of the cycle can be successfully restored with the help of a course of phonation, which is carried out in order to establish a full-fledged blood supply to the pelvic organs, including the ovaries and, of course, the nerve pathways.

There are many factors that can be the reasons why menstruation does not go. Let's consider them.

Pregnancy

When pregnancy occurs, the absence of menstruation is not a violation, but is a completely natural phenomenon. This is due to the fact that menstruation indicates that the woman's body is ready for conception. According to practice, the most common reason why menstruation does not go is precisely the onset of pregnancy. You can check if pregnancy has occurred with the help of special tests. If the result is negative, you should not immediately exclude the possibility of pregnancy, but you should consult a gynecologist.

Ovulatory anomalies

If pregnancy is excluded, the reason why menstruation does not go is amenorrhea, which is a disease characterized by a delay in menstruation. In case of violation of ovulation, the egg may mature late or not at all in this menstrual cycle. Such anomalies may occur due to the presence of acute inflammatory processes in the female genital organs and the woman's body as a whole; infectious and somatic diseases (rheumatism, tuberculosis, liver disease, heart disease); nervous breakdowns, stress, severe overwork; hormonal imbalance. These factors are often related.

Hormonal drugs

Taking hormonal drugs can be the reason why menstruation does not go regularly. Hormonal drugs include estrogens, contraceptives, postcoital pills. Absence of menstruation may occur when these medicines are stopped abruptly.

LUF syndrome

Another reason why menstruation does not go for a month is the presence of a follicular ovarian cyst or a corpus luteum cyst. The LUF syndrome is understood as the maturation of the dominant follicle without its subsequent rupture. The case can be single or periodically recurring, but when it becomes regular, it can be one of the causes of infertility. Diagnosis is based on the results of ultrasound and hormone tests.

Primary amenorrhea

Primary amenorrhea is the reason why a girl does not get her period for the first time. This phenomenon is caused by a delay in sexual development, which is associated with genetic pathology. Pathology has vivid manifestations against the background of serious infectious diseases, negative impact environment, intoxication of the body.

Stress

Periods may not go regularly due to stress. This violation is quite serious if menstruation is absent for a long time. If severe stress has been transferred, then it is possible to stop menstruation for an indefinite period, so you should be careful with stressful situations.

I don't get my period and my stomach hurts

If a woman has abdominal pain outside of menstruation, then this is an alarming symptom that should not be ignored. The occurrence of such pains is not always associated with the presence of some pathologies, but nevertheless, when such symptoms appear, it is recommended to consult a gynecologist. The most harmless thing that you can have if your period does not go, and your stomach hurts, is the appearance of ovulatory pain, which about 20% of women regularly experience. Their appearance may be associated with the establishment of the cycle, and after that the woman may not feel them. In some cases, the reverse situation also occurs.

As a rule, ovulatory pains appear 2 weeks before the onset of menstruation. Some women experience pain in the lower abdomen during the day, which is aching in nature. Most often, ovulatory pain occurs on the right or left, on the side where the egg is located. Ovulatory pain is associated with rupture of the follicle and slight bleeding from the ovary. This bleeding irritates the abdominal wall and, as a result, the woman has pain. Ovulatory pain is not a pathology, rather, it refers to a feature female body, but to exclude other diseases, you should seek the advice of a gynecologist.

Every woman of childbearing age gets her period. The cyclical nature of this process is monitored by every female representative. Well, if the cycle is broken and the menstruation was delayed for a decent time, but there is definitely no pregnancy, why? Let's look at the reasons for the delay and how to solve this problem.

How do menstruation pass in women - features of the female body

Every woman monitors the regularity of her monthly cycle. "Control" over it is exercised by the cerebral cortex, and "commands" menstruation by the hypothalamic-pituitary system (HGS - the union of the pituitary and hypothalamus) , synthesizing special substances that affect the "direct executors" of the process - the uterus and ovaries.

In the female body menstrual cycle laid down by nature as a complex and continuous process: the first half of it is busy preparing for a childbearing role - the inner layer builds up in the uterus, the ovaries produce estrogens (which ensure the maturation of the egg); in the second phase, the follicles produce progesterone.

If the fertilization of the egg does not occur, the synthesis of the “pregnancy hormone” stops and the accumulated endometrium is rejected - this is menstruation. A cycle of 23 to 34 days is considered normal. Any woman knows that a delay in menstruation is primarily associated with the onset of pregnancy.

Why there is a delay in menstruation without pregnancy - we understand the causes and ways to prevent

But the reasons for the absence of menstruation can be different - this can always be a signal of "malfunctions" of the body and a motive for a woman to contact a specialist. What are the most common causes of missed periods besides pregnancy?

Is the most common underlying cause of cycle disorders, it can cause any mental shock:

lack of sleep and fatigue;
family quarrels;
trouble at work
exams.

During a period of constant stress, the brain "goes on strike" - the GHS does not produce hormones that are responsible for menstruation and the biocycle is disturbed. To prevent this from happening, you need to try to relax, be less nervous, you may need to consult a psychologist or psychoneurologist.

It can be the cause of deviations in women whose professional activities are associated with hard physical labor, as well as in athletes. That is why the “weaker sex” should not go in for power sports and remember that professions are not in vain “male and female”.

3. Abrupt changes in body weight

Adipose tissue takes an active part in the regulation of biochemical processes in the female body and serves as the so-called "depot" for sex hormones. Problems women's health are concluded not only in obesity, but also in excessive thinness - the pursuit of the “ideal” weight can cause a lot of complications. When “going down” on a diet, it is important for all women to remember that the diet should include all the necessary vitamins, biological and chemical elements. And fasting is not for everyone! It may be worth seeking the advice of a nutritionist.

4. Pathologies internal organs

There are a number of ailments that cause hormonal imbalance - this is diseases of the thyroid and pancreas, adrenal cortex. Also, many acute and chronic diseases of the genital area can cause a violation of the monthly cycle - endometritis, ovarian dysfunction, adnexitis, oncological pathologies of the uterine body and its appendages. One of the probable reasons for the absence of menstruation may be urinary infections (trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gonorrhea). Violation of the location of the intrauterine device also leads to a delay in menstruation. It is possible to eliminate the causes only after a complete examination in a medical institution and carrying out effective treatment.

5. Complications of drug treatment

One of the most important reasons menstrual disorders. Long-term use of corticosteroids, psychotropic and diuretics, drugs for the treatment of ulcers, tuberculosis, depression can give a number of complications. To solve the problem, you need to consult with your doctor about reducing the dosage.

6. Chronic poisoning of the body but

May be voluntary (smoking, excessive drinking or drinking drugs) or forced (professional activity is associated with harmful working conditions). Problems in the body should make a woman think - perhaps you need to change your job or lifestyle.

7. Artificial or natural termination of pregnancy

It always entails intense hormonal changes in the female body and trauma to the uterine cavity. If menstruation does not occur for a long period, you need to consult a gynecologist.

8. Emergency post-coital contraception

Method of protection against unwanted pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. However, this measure is a "crushing blow" to the ratio between hormones. You need to remember this and resort to this method as little as possible.

9. Refusal to take hormonal contraceptives

Causes the syndrome of "hyper-inhibition of the ovaries". If a woman has been taking contraceptives, which "deceived" the pituitary and hypothalamus, forcing them to exclude ovarian function, then immediately after stopping the use of synthetic hormones, the body cannot quickly rebuild. You need to give him a little "rest" and the full work of the ovaries will be restored.

10. A sharp change in the rhythm of life (jet lag - jet lag) and climate

Associated with long-distance flights by plane, which leads to a change in time zones and the usual rhythm of life, is always fraught with great stress for the body. Moreover, it begins even when preparing for a vacation in "distant countries" - this can have a tremendous impact on the female biocycle. In addition, excessive physical activity, exposure to water and the sun leads to similar consequences. As a rule, menstruation resumes after a few weeks.

11. Genetic Predisposition

Sometimes periodic deviations can be transmitted to the daughter from the mother. That is why when delays appear, you need to talk about it in the family, it is important for mother to warn her daughter about such hereditary physiological features.

12. Fading of reproductive function (menopause)

After the age of 45, women enter the menopause, the transition to a new physiological stage. Age-related changes begin in the hypothalamic-pituitary zone, estrogen synthesis and the number of ovulations decrease - this leads to a delay or absence of menstruation. Menopause is a period when the delay in menstruation is due to a natural process, it should be taken calmly.

Another useful video why menstruation does not start except for pregnancy

And finally

You can not be indifferent to your women's health! To control the cycle, every woman needs to keep a calendar in which she would mark the beginning of each menstruation. This will allow you to notice deviations in time - a normal change in the duration of the biocycle (from the 1st day of one menstruation to the 1st day of the next) does not exceed three days.

If there is a delay in menstruation, you need to test for pregnancy (tests are freely sold in the pharmacy network). If he showed a negative result and there is no deterioration in well-being, you should wait about ten days.

If, in addition to delaying menstruation, there are abdominal pains, fever, discharge from the genitals - Seek immediate medical attention. With frequent delays in menstruation, it is necessary to visit a qualified gynecologist.

Delayed menstruation is a violation of the menstrual cycle, characterized by the absence of menstruation for more than 35 days. The reason for this may be physiological factors, for example, pregnancy or the imminent onset of menopause, as well as pathologies in the female body. Delayed menstruation occurs at any age. You need to see a doctor if there is no menstrual bleeding for more than 5 days after the due date. The gynecologist will help find the cause in order to determine further treatment.

Menstrual cycle

The female organism of reproductive age functions cyclically. The final stage of such a cycle is monthly bleeding. They indicate that the egg is not fertilized, and pregnancy has not occurred. A regular menstrual cycle indicates coherence in the work of the female body. The delay in menstruation is an indicator of some kind of failure.

A girl has her first menstruation between the ages of 11 and 15. At first, there may be delays that are not related to pathology. The cycle is normalized after 1-1.5 years. The pathology includes the onset of menstruation at the age of less than 11 years, and also if it did not begin at 17 years of age. If this age is 18-20 years old, then there are problems that may be associated with a violation physical development, underdevelopment of the ovaries, malfunction of the pituitary gland and others.

Normally, the cycle should be regular: menstruation begins and ends after a certain time. For most women, the cycle is 28 days, which is equal to the length of the lunar month. In about a third of women, it is shorter - 21 days, and in 10% it is 30-35 days. Menstruation usually lasts 3 to 7 days, and 50 to 150 ml of blood is lost. After 40-55 years, menstruation generally stops, and this period is called menopause.

Major women's health issues include:

irregular cycle;
hormonal disorders
frequent delays in menstruation from 5 to 10 days;
alternation of scanty and heavy bleeding.

A woman needs to get a menstrual calendar, which will indicate the onset and duration of bleeding. In this case, it is easy to notice a delay in menstruation.

The problem of delayed menstruation in girls and women

A delay in menstruation is considered a failure in the menstrual cycle, when the next bleeding does not occur at the right time. The absence of menstruation for 5 to 7 days does not apply to pathology. This phenomenon occurs at any age: adolescence, childbearing and premenopause. The reasons for the delay in menstruation can be both physiological and abnormal reasons.

Natural causes during puberty include irregular menstruation for 1-1.5 years during the formation of the cycle. In childbearing age, the physiological causes of delayed menstruation are pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding. With premenopause, the menstrual cycle gradually decreases, frequent delays turn into a complete extinction of the reproductive function in the female body. Other causes of delayed menstruation are not physiological and require the consultation of a gynecologist.

Reasons for delayed menstruation

Most often, the delay in menstruation in the fair sex, who live sexually, is associated with the onset of pregnancy. Also, for a short time, there may be a pulling pain in the lower abdomen, an increase and soreness of the mammary glands, drowsiness, a change in taste preferences, morning sickness, and rapid fatigue. Rarely, spotting brownish discharge appears.

You can determine pregnancy using a pharmacy test or a blood test for hCG. If pregnancy is not confirmed, then the delay in menstruation could be provoked by other reasons:

Stress. Every stressful situation, such as conflicts, work problems, school anxiety, can delay your period by 5-10 days or even longer.
Overwork, which is often combined with a stressful situation. Physical activity is certainly good for the body, but if it is excessive, it can affect the regularity of menstruation. Overwork, especially in combination with an exhausting diet, negatively affects the synthesis of estrogen, which can cause a delay in menstruation. Signs of overwork are also migraines, rapid weight loss, deterioration in performance. If due to physical overwork there is a delay in menstruation, this means that the body signals the need for a break. Delayed periods are observed in women who work at night or with slippery work schedules that involve overwork on days when it is necessary. The cycle normalizes on its own when the balance between diet and exercise is restored.
Lack of weight or, conversely, overweight. For the normal functioning of the endocrine system, a woman must keep her BMI normal. Delayed periods are often associated with a lack or excess of weight. At the same time, the cycle is restored after the normalization of body weight. In women suffering from anorexia, menstruation may disappear forever.
Change of habitual living environment. The fact is that the biological clock of the body is very important for the normal regulation of the menstrual cycle. If they change, for example, as a result of a flight to a country with a different climate or starting work at night, there may be a delay in menstruation. If a change in the rhythm of life causes a delay in menstruation, it normalizes on its own over a couple of months.
Colds or inflammatory diseases can also affect menstruation. Each disease can adversely affect the regularity of the cycle and cause a delay in menstruation. This may be an acute course of chronic diseases, SARS or any other health problems in the previous month. The regularity of the cycle will be restored within a couple of months.
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a disease accompanied by a hormonal imbalance, which provokes irregular menstrual bleeding. Signs of polycystic disease are also excessive hair growth in the area of the face and body, problematic skin ( acne, fat content), excess weight and difficulty with fertilization. If the gynecologist determines the cause of the delay in menstruation is polycystic ovary syndrome, he prescribes a course of taking oral hormonal contraceptives which helps regulate the menstrual cycle.
Any inflammatory or neoplastic disease of the genital organs. In addition to delayed menstruation inflammatory processes accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen and uncharacteristic discharge. They need to be treated without fail: such diseases are fraught with complications and even the development of infertility.
Cyst of the corpus luteum of the ovary. To get rid of it and restore the menstrual cycle, the gynecologist prescribes a course of hormonal drugs.
postpartum period. At this time, the pituitary hormone prolactin is produced, which regulates the production of breast milk and inhibits the cyclic work of the ovaries. If there is no breastfeeding after childbirth, menstruation should occur in about 2 months. If lactation is getting better, then menstruation, as a rule, returns after its completion.
Artificial termination of pregnancy. IN this case delayed menstruation is common, but not normal. In addition to a sharp change in the hormonal background, its causes can be mechanical injuries, the presence of which can only be determined by a doctor.

A malfunction of the thyroid gland also provokes irregular periods. This is due to the fact that thyroid hormones affect metabolism. With their excess or lack, the menstrual cycle is also confused.

Elevated levels of thyroid hormones are characterized by:

weight loss;
increased heart rate;
excessive sweating;
unstable emotional background;
sleep problems.

With a lack of thyroid hormones, the following symptoms appear:

weight gain;
the appearance of puffiness;
constant desire to sleep;
causeless hair loss.

If there is a suspicion that the delay in menstruation is provoked by a violation of the thyroid gland, you should contact an endocrinologist.

Taking certain medications can also cause a delay in menstruation. The main ones are:

Oral hormonal contraceptives are the most common drug-related cause of menstrual irregularities. The norm includes a delay in menstruation during a break in their use or when taking inactive drugs.
Emergency contraception preparations can provoke the absence of menstruation for 5 to 10 days, which is associated with a high content of hormones in them.
Chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of oncology.
Antidepressants.
corticosteroid hormones.
Calcium channel blockers used in the treatment of hypertension.
Omeprazole for stomach ulcers side effect in the form of a delay in menstruation.

Between the ages of 45 and 55, most women enter the menopause phase. This is evidenced by the absence of menstruation for a year or more. But menopause never occurs suddenly: for several years before this, menstruation irregularity and frequent delays have been observed.

Here are some other signs of approaching menopause:

insomnia;
dryness of the vaginal mucosa;
increased night sweats;
unstable emotional background;
flushes of heat.

How to normalize the problem with delayed periods

To determine the correct treatment for delayed menstruation, you first need to identify its cause, the elimination of which will help normalize the cycle. For the treatment of premenstrual syndrome and the normalization of hormonal levels, a course of hormonal drugs is prescribed, which:

Eliminate problems with conception associated with insufficient luteal phase.
Help restore ovulation.
Reduce some symptoms of PMS: irritability, swelling and soreness of the mammary glands.

If the delay in menstruation is associated with any disease, then its treatment will contribute to the settlement of the cycle. From preventive measures the following can be distinguished:

When menstruation is delayed due to physical overwork or a stressful situation, you can restore the balance of the body with rest, as well as with enough sleep. It is important to maintain a positive mood and be calm about events that can provoke stress. The help of a psychologist will also help.
Nutrition should be balanced with the necessary content of vitamins and minerals. You can also drink a course of multivitamins.
Keeping a menstrual calendar will help track any changes in the cycle.
A preventive visit to the gynecologist can prevent any deviations in women's health.

A woman of reproductive age must necessarily monitor the regularity of the cycle. Any violation in the body contributes to the development of various diseases.

Delay of menstruation. When to See a Doctor

The delay in menstruation should not exceed 5-7 days. Exceptions are age-related hormonal changes in adolescence and premenopause, as well as during lactation. In all other cases, it is imperative to contact a gynecologist.

With the abolition of hormonal contraceptives, a visit to the doctor is required when the cycle is not restored for several months. With a delay in menstruation associated with lactation, you need to consult a gynecologist if menstruation does not occur a year after childbirth.

In addition to a gynecological examination, the doctor may prescribe the following examinations:

If non-gynecological diseases are detected that caused a delay in menstruation, consultations of other specialists are prescribed.

Types of delays in menstruation

Delays of menstruation vary in their duration. After taking emergency contraceptives, your period may be delayed by 14 days or more. The same period is typical after injections of the hormonal drug Progesterone, the active substance of which is synthetic progesterone. It is prescribed for deficiency in the female body of the corpus luteum. Progesterone helps reduce uterine contractions. When taking it, only the doctor prescribes the dose and determines the rate of delay in menstruation.

After stopping oral hormonal contraceptives, the restoration of the menstrual cycle lasts from 1 to 3 months. During this period, delays in menstruation for a week or more are considered the norm: birth control pills change the cycle of the uterus and ovaries. To clarify the work of the ovaries, the doctor directs the woman to an ultrasound.

When pregnancy occurs, a characteristic sign during a delay is -. They are necessary to protect the uterus from the penetration of various microorganisms. If on early dates pregnancy occurred brown discharge accompanied by pain in the abdomen, this may indicate a threat of miscarriage.

In diseases of the genitourinary system, which also contribute to the delay in menstruation, the discharge becomes brown with a sour smell. They are accompanied by a pulling pain in the lower abdomen. Normally, menstruation may begin with small brownish discharge.

A delay in menstruation may indicate a latent course of certain diseases of both the genital and internal organs. Of the gynecological diseases that may not manifest themselves in any way except for the delay in menstruation, one can distinguish: erosion, myoma, cyst, inflammation.

A long delay in menstruation for a period of 1-2 months can be caused by a malfunction of the adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Problems with these organs have a direct impact on the maturation of the egg. When they begin to produce insufficient amounts of hormones, this eventually leads to ovarian dysfunction.

Ovarian hyperinhibition with the absence of menstruation for several cycles can also be observed when taking or after stopping hormonal contraceptives and drugs for the treatment of endometriosis. The cycle usually recovers on its own after a few months.

Often, menstrual bleeding is accompanied by blood clots. Consultation with a specialist is necessary when it is regular and accompanied by painful sensations.

Folk remedies for the treatment of delayed menstruation

Folk methods of effective treatment of delayed menstruation are quite peculiar. The use of such funds must be agreed with the doctor so as not to harm the body. First of all, you should make sure that you are not pregnant: taking herbal medicines can cause a miscarriage.

Popular folk remedies to help induce menstruation:

Herbal infusion of nettle, knotweed, wild rose, elecampane, pink radiola root and oregano. All components of the mixture can be purchased at a pharmacy, take 2 tablespoons of each type, put in a thermos and pour a liter of boiling water. Leave to infuse overnight, then strain and drink the entire infusion during the day, 0.5 cups at a time.
The onion peel is washed under running water, placed in a saucepan and boiled for 15-30 minutes. The broth is filtered and taken once in the amount of 1 cup.
Ginger decoction should be drunk with caution: it can lead to increased anxiety.
Angelica infusion has anti-inflammatory and diaphoretic effects. It improves the functioning of the nervous system and blood circulation.
Infusion of black stem rhizome relieves headache And depression during menstruation, and also helps regulate the cycle.
Heart motherwort improves the work of the heart, reduces pressure, calms and stimulates the functioning of the uterus.
White peony tincture reduces blood pressure, has a calming effect and improves blood circulation.
A decoction of the root of elecampane is one of the strongest remedies in traditional medicine. To prepare it, you need to pour a teaspoon of elecampane root with a glass of boiling water, insist for 4 hours, strain and drink a teaspoon several times a day.
Eating celery stimulates uterine contractions.
Taking a hot bath and applying a heating pad to the lower abdomen. These methods help increase blood flow, but you need to be careful with them. The heating pad should not be used in the presence of tumors and inflammatory processes.
The use of foods rich in vitamin C. It regulates metabolism and is involved in the synthesis of hormones. IN in large numbers this vitamin is found in citrus fruits, rose hips, currants, peppers, strawberries and sorrel. During pregnancy, its excessive content in the body can cause miscarriage.

Reasons for delayed menstruation - video:

The menstrual cycle in women can be disrupted for a variety of reasons. This article proposes to consider these reasons in detail and answer the question of why menstruation is delayed and how many days of delay should be considered the norm.

First of all, you should decide from which day the delay is considered and what period of time should cause alarm and require clarification of the reasons. A delay in menstruation by 1-2, or maybe 3 days is quite a common occurrence, this is normal. Despite the fact that each woman has her own duration and regularity of menstruation, even in an absolutely healthy woman, periods do not always come “by the clock”. That is why a slight delay does not indicate any serious problems.

However, if the monthly delay is more than the allowable 3-5 days, you should consult a doctor and find out the reasons. The maximum period of "unreasonable" delay should not exceed a week. First, pregnancy should be excluded (or confirmed). Secondly, if pregnancy is excluded, check if everything is in order with reproductive system. Remember that a delay in itself may not be terrible, but it is always a signal indicating changes in the body.

Normal indicators of the menstrual cycle are presented in the table:

Main reasons for the delay

The first thought that visits a woman when menstruation does not come on time is pregnancy. However, there is great amount reasons why the regularity of menstruation can be disturbed without pregnancy. The regularity of the cycle can be influenced by various factors, such as changing time zones, problems with acclimatization, stress, hormonal disruptions, disruptions in work. reproductive organs or malnutrition. Let's look at all these factors in more detail and determine what kind of delay should inspire concern.

Pregnancy is the most common reason for missed periods in young women. During pregnancy, phenomena such as changes in taste and smell, drowsiness, swelling of the mammary glands, and nausea can be observed. You should not immediately reject the possibility of pregnancy, even if you had protected sex.

If, in addition to the delay, other signs of the above appear, it makes sense to do a test, moreover, to determine exact result- twice. If the first test did not determine pregnancy, this does not mean that it does not exist. Repeat the test after 2-5 days. A reliable result can be obtained by passing a blood test for hCG. Only the second time having received a negative result and making sure that the woman is not pregnant, you need to look for other justifications for the absence of the onset of menstruation on time. The delay may be due to other serious and dangerous reasons, in addition to pregnancy.

Severe emotional or physical stress

If a woman observes a delay, but is not pregnant, her body may have been influenced by other changes in the physical or emotional state. Consider in which cases menstruation can be late or stop altogether.

The delay can occur due to stressful situations, shock, excessive physical exertion, intense mental activity (for example, on the eve of exams or passing an important project), tension at work. The body reacts to daily stress as a situation unfavorable for the birth of a child, and menstruation stops "until better times." This explains why menstruation does not come on time. In such a scenario, efforts should be made to get out of the crisis moment, reduce the level of emotional or physical activity and try to relax.

If a woman spends a lot of time in the gym or is busy in a physically demanding job, she should think about reducing physical activity. We are not talking about a complete cessation of training, but only about the golden mean.

Any change in your lifestyle can affect your menstrual cycle. New job, different daily routines, climate change and time zones may cause a slight delay. Therefore, there is no need to sound the alarm if menstruation does not go on time after a vacation in another part of the planet or after a long many hours of flight. This suggests that the body is being rebuilt according to rapidly changing conditions, and the result may be a delay in menstruation. However, if there is no period for more than 10-14 days, you need to see a doctor.

Do not be surprised if the delay happened during the diet, especially if you refuse food and eat many times less than usual. In young girls who drastically restrict themselves in nutrition, delayed menstruation is a common occurrence. Hormonal disorder on the background of starvation and deficiency nutrients leads.

With the stress experienced by the body in cases of sudden weight loss (or, conversely, weight gain), menstruation can stop for a long time. Of course, there is nothing good and natural in such a cessation. You should reconsider your diet and consult a psychologist. Anorexia is a terrible disease, and a delay in menstruation is by no means its only sad consequence.

The delay may be due to hormonal changes and often occurs during puberty, when the cycle has not yet been established, or during menopause.

In adolescent girls, the first menstruation occurs at 11-14 years of age, and the menstrual cycle is not established immediately, therefore, there is often a delay. It is difficult to accurately answer the question of how much menstruation can linger during the ripening period. The breaks between them may be too short or, conversely, large. However, after some time, the cycle is established, and the number of days between periods becomes constant. If menstruation began before the age of 10 or is absent at the age of 15, you need to go to the doctor.

You should not be afraid of delays after the age of 40. The functioning of the ovaries at this age begins to gradually slow down, causing menstruation to become irregular. The delay, therefore, will be a harbinger of menopause, which occurs at the age of 45-50 years. Remember that after the age of 40, an examination by a gynecologist should be done annually. The doctor will more accurately tell about the causes and exclude diseases and disorders in the functioning of the organs of the female reproductive system.

Delayed menstruation after childbirth

In the first time after childbirth, the cyclic function of the ovaries is suppressed, and menstruation is restored approximately two months after the birth of the child. If the mother is holding the child breastfeeding, menstruation is usually restored after its termination. However, if a year has passed since the birth, and the menstrual cycle has not recovered, you should consult a doctor.

Abortion

Termination of pregnancy, no matter how prompt and safe it may be, always entails disturbances in the hormonal balance. Menstruation can come only 30-40 days after the abortion. Despite the fact that such a delay is common, it is still not considered the norm, so you should consult a gynecologist, undergo an examination and, if necessary, start hormonal treatment. The reason for the delay after an abortion can be both a change in the level of hormones in the woman's body, and a mechanical injury received during curettage. This symptom also indicates a delay in parts of the fetal egg.

Diseases and medications

Another reason for the delay can be medication, as well as diseases of a different nature: colds (ARVI), chronic diseases, thyroid pathology, kidney disease, etc. Usually, if the delay is due to these reasons, it is considered normal when it does not exceed weeks. If a woman does not have periods longer, you need to consult a gynecologist. A delay of 14 days or more has serious reasons.

Gynecological diseases

This group of diseases should be considered separately, because they represent one of the most common reasons for which menstruation can be delayed.

Tumor and inflammatory diseases of the genital organs. Menstruation may be delayed due to serious diseases, which may also be accompanied by abnormal discharge and pain. These diseases must be treated urgently, because they are fraught with serious consequences. We are talking about diseases such as oophoritis, uterine fibroids, etc.
. The duration of the delay in menstruation with this disease usually does not exceed two weeks. The cyst is formed due to hormonal disorders and is treated with a course of hormone therapy.
Polycystic ovaries. This disease is associated with the formation of many cysts in the ovaries of a woman. The maturation and release of eggs is disturbed, which, in turn, Polycystic may be accompanied by short and irregular delays, but sometimes with this disease, menstruation may be absent for up to five months or more.

A common cause of delay may be the use of hormonal contraceptives, since their main function is to suppress ovulation. If the drug is chosen incorrectly, a delay can become common. In this case, other contraceptive options should be considered. However, the most common cause delays in the use of oral contraceptives - non-compliance with the instructions. You need to drink contraceptives in strictly established terms. Violation of the regimen is highly undesirable and may affect the effectiveness of contraception.

Delayed periods are considered the norm when taking emergency contraceptives, because they contain large doses of hormones. However, the delay is considered suspicious if it exceeds 10 days. This may indicate that Taken measures did not give results and the pregnancy still came.

Gynecological procedures

An insignificant delay in menstruation can be caused by procedures such as, for example, cauterization or hysteroscopy.

Whatever the reasons, they need to be identified and analyzed. If a delay in menstruation by 3-4 days may not have any serious reasons behind it, then a longer period must be investigated and measures taken as soon as possible. Only a doctor, having examined the patient, can accurately determine the causes and say how serious they are and what to do to eliminate them.