It is advisable to use a pregnancy test only from the first day of delay. Without waiting for the expected date, many closely monitor changes in the body, including in the vaginal secretion, in order to recognize the onset of pregnancy as early as possible. In this article, we will thoroughly understand the question of whether there are clear differences in the discharge after ovulation, if conception has occurred or not.

What should be the discharge immediately after conception: before the attachment of the fetal egg?

The discharge at conception does not differ from the usual cervical mucus during the fertile period. At this time, estrogen dominates, which provokes more liquid and abundant mucus from the vagina, similar to snot or egg white, which increases the likelihood of getting pregnant (see photo). and can be observed.

transparent like protein

4th day. The embryo enters the tubes, and there are already as many as 16 cells in it. There is no significant effect on the vaginal secret, the situation continues on the third day.

From the 5th to the 7th day. During this period, the fertilized egg reaches the uterus, where it will be decided whether pregnancy will occur or not. Positive result- fixation of the embryo in the mucous layer of the uterus (may happen later).

What does the color of discharge after conception and before menstruation indicate?

You can navigate by the shade of discharge to mark the absence of pregnancy or the beginning of the first month of the gestation period.

White discharge after conception and in the second half of the cycle

Mucus of this shade should have a uniform consistency and not cause discomfort in the form of itching and burning. This substance cannot tell about a pregnancy that has occurred, since it does not have significant differences.

yellow

Such traces on the panty liner are allowed during the luteal phase in the absence of pregnancy, but they should not be saturated (yellowish or). are not a sign of conception, but the probability of fertilization that has taken place still exists.

transparent secret

After ovulation, the mucus from the vagina should become thicker, acquiring a whitish tint. But not a large number of clear liquid is acceptable at any period of the cycle.

Red, brown, pink

Mucus of this color is normal if it is caused by the fertile period and. In all other situations, you need to check with a doctor. In the first case, we are talking about follicle rupture and damage to blood vessels, and in the second, fertilization. Distinguishes their time of occurrence and intensity. The first option - they have a meager character (brown drop on the gasket) and are accompanied by aching pains in the lower abdomen. Learn about the characteristics of the second option below.

What is implantation bleeding?

Bloody discharge after conception, indicating the attachment of the fetal egg, will not appear before the fifth or sixth day from the moment of fertilization.

It is this minimum that the embryo needs to penetrate the uterine wall. Thus, one should expect the appearance of such secretions a week after ovulation or a week before menstruation, which will indicate the onset of pregnancy.

You may notice a small amount of mucus with clots or drops of blood on the panty liner or underwear (see photo). The nature of secretion may vary from the ratio of vaginal fluid and blood streaks. The intensity exceeds the discharge during ovulation. The following shades are allowed:

• red;
• pale pink;
• brownish;
• light yellow.

It is important to assess the duration and volume of bleeding after ovulation.

1. Conception happened. The duration of implantation bleeding ranges from a few hours to two or three days. Moreover, there should not be much vaginal fluid.
2. Conception did not occur. Allocations begin with a daub and turn into a full menstruation.
3. Sign of pathology. The gasket gets wet in an hour or less, then the trip to the hospital cannot be postponed, because there is a suspicion of bleeding.

According to reviews of pregnant women, most often implantation discharge after fertilization appears 6-12 days after ovulation. Moreover, gynecologists say that most patients did not encounter this phenomenon at all or did not pay attention to it.

Is pregnancy possible if there is no secretion?

The absence of discharge after ovulation is a kind of norm for the monthly cycle. The reason lies in individual characteristics body, as well as the state of the hormonal background. After the fertile phase, the level of progesterone rises, and this hormone creates unfavourable conditions for the movement of sperm, when the mucous plug of the cervical canal is the least permeable.

But in most cases, there is still a sticky or sticky secretion, which becomes watery before menstruation. To determine pregnancy, it is better to pay close attention to the changes in the body that indicate it:

• fatigue;
• soreness of the mammary glands;
• dizziness;
• change in attitude to food;
• increased drowsiness;
• mood swings;
• pain in the abdomen (may pull the lower back).

How to find out by secretions if fertilization failed?

The main difficulty is that the nature of the discharge after ovulation, if conception has not occurred, is very similar to the secret in women in early pregnancy, that is, before the blastocyst is fixed on the uterine wall. From the time of the ovulatory period until menstruation, the secretion in the form of chicken protein or abundant mucus should change to a sticky or sticky liquid with a thicker consistency. Shortly before the end of the menstrual cycle cervical mucus almost disappears, appearing a few days before menstruation. The most striking sign can be considered the above-described implantation bleeding, but due to the fact that it is a rather rare occurrence, it is not worth drawing conclusions relying on its absence.

It will be right to appreciate your feelings and wait about a week. If there is no blood in the vaginal secretion, there are no aching pains and cramps in the lower abdomen, conception is unlikely, but not excluded. For greater certainty, you can do a test based on the immunochromatographic method for determining the level of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine (ultrasensitive 7 days after ovulation).

What does it say about pathology?

All secretions that cause redness of the genital organs, irritation, burning, do not exclude pregnancy, but also the risk of developing inflammation and other pathological disorders.

For problems in reproductive system indicates the following cervical mucus:

• curdled lumps, itching, burning (thrush);
• dark brown, (polycystic ovaries, severe inflammation);
• rich yellow, green, (infection).

This is just a small list possible diseases. For a more accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo diagnostics and take tests.

It happens that brown or red discharge after ovulation torments women with cervical erosion when the affected area is systematically damaged.

or before the expected menstrual bleeding cannot 100% guarantee the success of conception.

Hello dear Arina.
The basal temperature is most likely due to the presence of a corpus luteum in the ovary and high progesterone, but this is only presumably, in order to answer you exactly, you need to be examined for an ultrasound scan and prescribe tests.

Post date: 15.02.2014 11:13

Oksana

Tell me, be kind, I got the BMI and after the procedure, after 11 days, I got the analysis of hCG. Win showing 7.6, what does it mean?

Post date: 16.02.2014 19:18

karlygash

Hello! Tell me, please, did the AI ​​01.25.14-27.01.1 test for B. When can I do it? And constant pain down the abdomen ((

Post date: 17.02.2014 16:43

Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich

Hello, dear Oksana, Karlygash!
After YOU the test needs to be done in 14 days, then the result will be correct, informative and reliable.
On the 11th day, hCG 7.6 - does not say anything yet.
Good luck to you!!!

Post date: 22.02.2014 19:23

Olga

hello. today is the 3rd day after insemination, did the first. take a positive test. does this indicate a real pregnancy or a reaction to the injection of pregnyl (hg) ???

Post date: 27.02.2014 14:20

Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich

Hello dear Olga.
Doctors advise to do the test 2 weeks after the IUI, and not 2-3 days later. Now a positive test is exactly a trace reaction after the introduction of pregnyl.

With best wishes, Gary Zelimkhanovich Dostibegyan, Reproductologist

Post date: 09.03.2014 09:39

Irina

Good afternoon! Insimilation was on February 25, on the 10th day after - March 06, hCG was 6.02, after 2 days - March 09, hCG-18.4, the tests show a negative result. I am confused ... Thank you very much in advance for your answer!

Post date: 10.03.2014 14:37

Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich

I will answer you. But first ask your question.

With best wishes, Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich, reproductive specialist

Post date: 10.03.2014 18:29

Irina

Gary Zelimkhanovich, good evening! I meant the question: "Am I pregnant or not?" Today I passed hcg to track the dynamics, the result is 1.39. So there is definitely no pregnancy. But, interestingly, yesterday's hCG figure was 18.4 - was it possible there was a biochemical pregnancy?

Post date: 12.03.2014 06:12

Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich

Hello dear Irina.
Yes, now it has become absolutely clear that you had a "biochemical pregnancy", that is, there was an implantation, but with early dates pregnancy for some reason did not develop further.

Post date: 02.04.2014 12:54

Marina

Hello. Please tell me: 31.03 did AI. I ovulated without stimulation at 22 d.c. 01.04 I woke up in the morning with terrible signs of a cold (a sore throat and aching bones). in the evening the temperature rose to 38.2, due to which she drank paracetamol. 02.04 the temperature is 36.6 and does not rise. Is what happened dangerous for the fetus? Is it possible to say that after such a temperature and paracetamol, pregnancy is already unlikely. this is the second AI and last time because of progesterone the temperature kept around 37-37.3 all the time, and today it does not rise anymore.

Post date: 03.04.2014 09:51

Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich

Hello dear Marina.
Body temperature in the region of 37-37.5 does not pose a danger to pregnancy, because in the uterus the temperature is constantly around 37.2-37.3 degrees. Body temperature of 38 and above - may have Negative influence for a future pregnancy.

With best wishes, Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich, Reproductologist

Post date: 17.04.2014 08:58

hope

hello! 7 days after iism. from the first day ii pulls in the lower abdomen and lower back As before the menstrual temperature after ii 36.6 36.6 37.0 36.8 36.8 36.9. Duphaston 7 days I take 10 mg * 3 times a day. why is bt so low?

Post date: 17.04.2014 09:08

hope

such a low temperature in phase 2 was not yet. and allocation 4 day plentiful. stimulation was clostmlbegyt. from 4 to 9 days 50 mg * 2 charge for 36 hours horagon 5000 units and on the day of iism 1500 units horagon.

Post date: 17.04.2014 09:38

Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich

Hello dear Hope.
There can be two reasons.
1. If there was no ovulation.
2. If there was ovulation, but the insufficiency of the second phase (insufficient function of the corpus luteum) and, accordingly, low progesterone.
But this is not scary, you are taking duphaston.

With best wishes, Dostibegyan Gary Zelimkhanovich, Reproductologist

Post date: 17.04.2014 09:50

hope

on day ii, ovulation occurred in the ovary. maybe an ultrasound at 8 in the morning two follicles in different ovaries. before the ultrasound doctor did one follicle burst. is there any chance of pregnancy?

Insemination - types and techniques. Possible Complications after the procedure. Where do they do it?

Thanks

The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

How is the insemination procedure carried out?

Insemination carried out in a specially equipped room of a clinic or hospital. The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis, that is, a woman comes to the doctor immediately on the day of the insemination, and after it is completed, she goes home.

On what day of the natural cycle is insemination done?

To procedure artificial insemination proved to be the most effective, the doctor first studies the patient's menstrual cycle, calculating the time of the expected ovulation ( that is, the release of a mature egg, ready for fertilization, into the fallopian tube).
After leaving the ovary, the egg can be fertilized within about 24 hours. At this time, artificial insemination is prescribed.

On average, ovulation occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, but in some cases it can occur earlier or later. However, it is impossible to predict the exact time of ovulation, and a woman cannot subjectively feel this. That is why, to maximize the effectiveness of artificial insemination, doctors use a number of diagnostic tests to calculate the time of ovulation.

To determine the time of ovulation, use:

• Ultrasound of ovarian follicles. Under normal conditions, during each menstrual cycle, one main follicle is formed in one of the ovaries - a vial of fluid in which the egg develops. This follicle is visible with ( ultrasound) ultrasound examination already on the 8th - 10th day of the cycle. After this follicle has been identified, it is recommended to perform daily ultrasound. If the follicle was visible the day before, but it cannot be determined at the next procedure, this indicates that ovulation has occurred.
• Determination of the level of luteinizing hormone ( LG) in blood. This hormone is secreted by a special gland ( pituitary gland) and is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle. An increase in the level of this hormone in the middle of the cycle indicates that ovulation will occur within the next 24 to 48 hours.
• Measurement basal body temperature body. During the period of ovulation, there is an increase in body temperature by about 0.5 - 1 degree, which is due to hormonal changes occurring in the body of a woman. However, in order to notice such a temperature jump, a woman must regularly ( within a few months) keep a graph of basal temperature, measuring it twice a day ( morning and evening at the same time).
• Study of cervical mucus. Under normal conditions, the mucus located in the cervical area is relatively dense, cloudy, and poorly extensible. During ovulation, under the influence of female sex hormones, it liquefies, becomes transparent and more viscous, which is used by doctors for diagnostic purposes.
• Subjective feelings of a woman. During ovulation, a woman may experience pulling pains in the lower abdomen, as well as increased sexual desire, which, together with other signs, can be used for diagnostic purposes.

Stimulation of ovulation ovaries) before insemination

The essence of this procedure is that before insemination, a woman is prescribed hormonal drugs that stimulate the growth and development of the follicle, egg maturation and ovulation. The need for this procedure arises in cases where it is impossible to perform insemination in the usual way ( for example, if a woman does not have a regular menstrual cycle).

To stimulate ovulation before insemination, a woman is most often prescribed recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH). This is an analogue of the natural hormone produced by the pituitary gland during the first half of the menstrual cycle. Under its influence, the follicles in the ovaries are activated and develop. The FSH preparation should be used within 8 to 10 days ( more precise instructions can be given by the attending physician after a full examination, determining the regularity and other features of the menstrual cycle in a particular woman), followed by ovulation.

The danger of using this method lies in the fact that when prescribing too high doses of FSH, the so-called ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome may develop, when several follicles mature at once instead of one. AT this case during ovulation, 2 or more eggs can enter the fallopian tube, which can be fertilized during the artificial insemination procedure. The outcome of this phenomenon may be multiple pregnancy.

Types and techniques of artificial insemination ( intracervical, intrauterine, vaginal)

To date, several techniques have been developed that allow the introduction of male seminal fluid ( sperm) in the female reproductive tract. However, to understand the mechanism of their action, it is necessary to know how insemination occurs in vivo.

With natural insemination ( occurring during intercourse) male sperm is erupted into the woman's vagina. Then the spermatozoa during one sexual intercourse, about 200 million of them are erupted), which have mobility, begin to move towards the uterus. First, they must pass through the cervix, a narrow canal that separates the uterine cavity from the vagina. A special mucus is located in the cervix of a woman, which has protective properties. Passing through this mucus, most of the sperm die. The surviving spermatozoa enter the uterine cavity and then reach the fallopian tubes. In one of these tubes is a mature ( ready for fertilization) ovum ( female sex cell). One of the spermatozoa penetrates its wall earlier than the others and fertilizes it, as a result of which pregnancy begins. The rest of the spermatozoa die.

Artificial insemination can be:

• Intracervical ( vaginal). This is the most simple form a procedure that is as similar as possible to natural sexual intercourse. No special preparation before its implementation is required ( Naturally, before any insemination, one should refrain from smoking, taking alcohol, drugs, etc.). Insemination can be done with fresh unpurified seminal fluid ( in this case, it must be used no later than 3 hours after receipt), and frozen sperm ( from a sperm bank). The essence of the procedure is as follows. In the morning on the appointed day, a woman comes to the clinic, goes into a specially equipped room and lies down in a gynecological chair or on a special table. Special expanding mirrors are inserted into her vagina, which facilitates access to the cervix. Next, the doctor collects sperm in a special ( with a blunt tip) syringe, inserts it into the vagina and brings the tip as close as possible to the entrance to the cervix. After that, the doctor presses on the syringe plunger, as a result of which the sperm is squeezed out of it onto the cervical mucosa. The syringe and speculum are removed, and the woman must remain in the gynecological chair lying on her back for 60 to 90 minutes. This will prevent the leakage of seminal fluid, and will also facilitate the penetration of spermatozoa into the uterus and fallopian tubes. One and a half to two hours after the procedure, the woman can go home.
• Intrauterine. This procedure considered more effective than intracervical insemination. Its essence lies in the fact that after the installation of mirrors in the vagina, the sperm is collected in a special syringe, to which a long and thin catheter is attached ( a tube). This catheter is inserted through the cervix into the uterine cavity, after which the sperm is squeezed into it. When performing this procedure, it is recommended to use specially prepared and purified sperm. The introduction of fresh seminal fluid into the uterine cavity can cause contraction of the uterine muscles ( which will reduce the chance of conception) or even cause severe allergic reactions.
• Intratubal. The essence of the procedure is that pre-prepared spermatozoa are injected directly into the fallopian tubes, in which the egg should be located. It should be noted that according to the results of recent studies, the effectiveness of this procedure does not exceed that of the usual intrauterine insemination.
• Intrauterine intraperitoneal. With this procedure, a certain amount of previously received and processed ( purified) male sperm is mixed with a few milliliters of a special liquid, after which the resulting mixture ( about 10 ml) is injected into the uterine cavity under slight pressure. As a result, the solution containing spermatozoa will penetrate into the fallopian tubes, pass through them and enter the abdominal cavity. Thus, the probability of fertilization of the egg, which can be located in the path of the injected solution, is significantly increased. Such a procedure is indicated for unidentified causes of infertility, as well as for the ineffectiveness of intracervical or intrauterine insemination. According to the technique of execution, it is no different from the previously described procedures.

Does insemination hurt?

Artificial insemination is a completely painless procedure. Some women may experience discomfort during the insertion of speculums into the vagina, but there will be no pain. At the same time, it is worth noting that with vaginismus, a woman reacts painfully to any procedures associated with the introduction of any instruments into the vagina. Such patients are usually prescribed special sedatives, and if necessary, they can be introduced into a superficial medical sleep. In this state, they will not feel pain and will not remember anything about the procedure.

Is it possible to perform artificial insemination at home?

At home, you can perform the procedure of artificial intracervical ( vaginal) insemination, which is similar in mechanism of action and efficiency to natural insemination. The implementation of other variants of the procedure requires the use of purified sperm, as well as the intrauterine introduction of foreign objects, and therefore they should be carried out only by an experienced specialist in a polyclinic setting.

Preparation includes calculating the day of the expected ovulation ( methods have been described previously.). When ovulation has occurred, you should proceed directly to the procedure itself.

To carry out artificial insemination at home, you will need:

• Disposable sterile syringe ( per 10 ml) - can be purchased at any pharmacy.
• Sterile container for collecting seminal fluid- for example, a container for testing, which can also be purchased at a pharmacy.
• Sterile disposable vaginal dilator- you can buy at a pharmacy, but you can perform the procedure without it.

It is recommended to perform the procedure in a place protected from sunlight ( best at night), as they can damage spermatozoa. After the donor ejects the seminal fluid into a sterile container, it should be left in a warm, dark place for 15 to 20 minutes to make it more liquid. After that, you should collect sperm in a syringe and insert its tip into the vagina. If a woman uses vaginal dilators, the syringe should be inserted under visual control ( You can use a mirror for this.). Bring it as close as possible to the cervix, but try not to touch it. If a vaginal dilator is not being used, the syringe should be inserted 3 to 8 cm into the vagina ( depending on the anatomical features of the woman). After inserting the syringe, gently press the plunger to seminal fluid passed to the surface of the mucous membrane of the cervix.

After the introduction of sperm, the syringe and dilator are removed, and the woman is advised to remain in the “lying on her back” position for the next one and a half to two hours. Some experts recommend placing a small roller under the buttocks so that the pelvis is raised above the bed. In their opinion, this contributes to the promotion of spermatozoa to the fallopian tubes and increases the likelihood of pregnancy.

Why is utrogestan and duphaston prescribed after insemination?

These drugs are prescribed in order to ensure the normal development of a fertilized egg after the procedure. The active component of both drugs is the hormone progesterone or its analogue. Under normal conditions, this hormone is secreted in the body of a woman in the second phase of the menstrual cycle ( it is produced by the so-called corpus luteum, which is formed at the site of a mature and ruptured follicle after ovulation). Its main function is to prepare female body to implantation and development of a fertilized egg.

If in the period after ovulation the concentration of this hormone in the blood of a woman is reduced ( which can be observed in some diseases of the ovaries, as well as in patients older than 40 years), this can disrupt the process of attaching a fertilized egg to the wall of the uterus, as a result of which pregnancy will not occur. It is in such cases that patients are prescribed utrogestan or duphaston. They prepare the uterine lining for egg implantation and also support the development of the fetus throughout pregnancy.

How to behave after insemination ( do's and don'ts)?

Immediately after the procedure, the woman should lie on her back for at least an hour, which is necessary for the normal penetration of spermatozoa into the uterus and fallopian tubes. In the future, she should follow a number of rules and recommendations that will help increase the effectiveness of the procedure and reduce the risk of complications.

Can I take a bath after artificial insemination?

Immediately after intracervical insemination ( including at home) taking a bath is not recommended, as this may reduce the effectiveness of the procedure. The fact is that with this technique, part of the spermatozoa is located in the vagina.
If during the first hours after the end of the procedure a woman will take a bath, water ( together with the soaps, gels or other substances it contains) can enter the vagina and destroy some of the sperm, which will reduce the likelihood of pregnancy. That is why it is recommended to bathe in the bathroom no earlier than 6 to 10 hours after insemination. At the same time, it is worth noting that a light shower under clean water ( without the use of hygiene products) will not affect the outcome of the procedure.

When performing intrauterine or other types of insemination, the patient is allowed to take a bath immediately after returning home. The fact is that in these cases, seminal fluid is injected directly into the uterine cavity or into the fallopian tubes, which are normally reliably delimited from environment cervix. Even if the woman takes a bath immediately after the end of the procedure ( that is, after lying in the gynecological chair for one and a half to two hours), water or any other substances will not be able to penetrate the uterine cavity and in any way affect the fertilization of the egg.

Can I swim and sunbathe after insemination?

A woman is allowed to swim in a river, lake, sea or other body of water no earlier than one day after the procedure. Firstly, this is due to the risk of water entering the vagina and destroying the spermatozoa located there. Secondly, during the artificial insemination procedure, the vaginal mucosa may be slightly injured by the objects introduced into it ( dilators, syringe). At the same time, its protective properties will significantly decrease, as a result of which infection can occur when swimming in polluted reservoirs.

There are no specific guidelines for tanning. If a woman has no other contraindications, she can sunbathe in the sun or visit a solarium immediately after the procedure, which will not affect its effectiveness in any way.

Is it possible to have sex after artificial insemination?

Having sex after artificial insemination is not prohibited, since sexual contact will in no way affect the process of sperm advancement and egg fertilization. Moreover, if the cause of the couple's infertility was not reliably identified before the procedure, regular sexual intercourse may increase the likelihood of pregnancy. That's why limit or somehow change sexual life after this procedure is not needed.

How many hours after insemination does fertilization occur?

Fertilization of the egg does not occur immediately after the insemination procedure, but only 2-6 hours after it. This is due to the fact that sperm cells need time to reach the egg, penetrate its wall and connect their genetic apparatus with it. Under normal conditions ( with natural insemination) the sperm must pass from the cervix to the fallopian tubes, which averages about 20 cm. It can take him 4 to 6 hours to do this. Since intracervical insemination is as similar as possible to natural insemination, with this type of procedure, the time to fertilization is about the same.

With intrauterine insemination, male germ cells are injected directly into the uterine cavity. They do not waste time getting through the mucosal barrier in the cervix, as a result of which, with this type of procedure, fertilization may occur earlier ( after 3 - 4 hours). If intratubal insemination is performed ( when sperm are injected directly into the fallopian tubes), the egg located there can be fertilized in a couple of hours.

Signs of pregnancy after artificial insemination

The first signs of pregnancy can be detected no earlier than a few days after the procedure. The fact is that immediately after fertilization, the egg moves into the uterine cavity, attaches to its wall and begins to actively increase in size there, that is, grow. This whole process takes several days, during which the fertilized egg remains too small to be detected by any means.

It is worth noting that after artificial insemination, pregnancy proceeds in exactly the same way as during conception. naturally. Therefore, the signs of pregnancy will be the same.

Pregnancy may be indicated by:

• change in appetite;
• taste disorders;
• impaired sense of smell;
• increased fatigue;
• increased irritability;
• tearfulness;
• an increase in the abdomen;
• engorgement of the mammary glands;
• absence of menstruation.

The most reliable of all these signs is the absence of menstrual bleeding for 2 or more weeks after ovulation ( i.e. after the procedure). All other symptoms are associated with hormonal changes in the female body during pregnancy, but can also be observed in a number of other conditions.

On what day after insemination should I do a pregnancy test and donate blood for hCG?

After fertilization, the egg enters the uterine cavity and attaches to its wall, the field of which the embryo begins to develop. From about 8 days after fertilization, embryonic tissues begin to produce a special substance - human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG). This substance enters the mother's bloodstream, and is also excreted in her urine. It is on determining the concentration of this substance in the body fluids of a woman that most early pregnancy tests are based.

Despite the fact that hCG begins to be produced approximately 6-8 days after the fertilization of the egg, its diagnostically significant concentrations are observed only by the 12th day of pregnancy. It is from this period that hCG can be detected in the urine ( for this, standard express tests are used, which can be bought at any pharmacy) or in the blood of a woman ( To do this, you need to donate blood for analysis to the laboratory.).

Why is ultrasound prescribed after insemination?

A few weeks after the procedure, the woman should undergo an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs.

The purpose of ultrasound after insemination is:

• Confirmation of pregnancy. If a fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus and begins to develop, after a few weeks the embryo will reach a significant size, as a result of which it can be determined during an ultrasound examination.
• Identification of possible complications. One of the formidable complications of insemination can be an ectopic pregnancy. The essence of this pathology lies in the fact that the egg fertilized by the sperm is attached not to the wall of the uterus, but to the mucous membrane fallopian tube or even begin to develop abdominal cavity. Laboratory tests ( determination of hCG in the blood or urine of a woman) at the same time will indicate that the pregnancy is developing. At the same time, the prognosis in this case is unfavorable. With an ectopic pregnancy, the embryo dies in 100% of cases. Moreover, if given state not detected in a timely manner, this can lead to the development of complications ( for example, to rupture of the fallopian tube, to bleeding, and so on), which would endanger the woman's life. That is why during an ultrasound examination, the doctor not only detects the presence of an embryo in the uterine cavity, but also carefully examines other parts of the reproductive system in order to diagnose an ectopic pregnancy early.

Can twins be born after insemination?

After artificial insemination, as well as after natural fertilization, one, two, three ( or even more) child. The mechanism of development of this phenomenon lies in the fact that during the procedure several mature eggs can be fertilized at once. The likelihood of this is significantly increased when carrying out insemination after ovarian stimulation, during which in them ( in the ovaries) several follicles can develop at once, from which several mature eggs ready for fertilization can be released at the same time.

Much less often, multiple pregnancy develops when one egg is fertilized by one sperm. In this case, at the initial stages of development, the future embryo is divided into 2 parts, after which each of them develops as a separate fetus. It should be noted that the probability of such a development of events is the same for both artificial and natural insemination.

Complications and consequences after artificial insemination

The procedure for performing insemination is relatively simple and safe, as a result of which the list of associated complications is rather small.

Artificial insemination may be accompanied by:

• Genital tract infection. This complication can develop if during the procedure the doctor used non-sterile instruments or did not comply with hygiene standards. At the same time, the reason for the development of infection may be a woman's failure to follow the rules of personal hygiene immediately before or after the procedure. It is important to remember that any infection is much easier to cure at the initial stage of development. That is why if you experience pain, burning or redness in the genital area, you should immediately consult with your doctor.

• Allergic reactions. May occur with intrauterine or intratubal insemination, when poorly prepared ( poorly cleaned) seminal fluid. Allergies can be manifested by anxiety, skin spots, muscle tremors, a marked drop in blood pressure, or even loss of consciousness. Extremely heavy allergic reactions require immediate medical attention, as they pose a danger to the life of the patient.
• fall blood pressure. The reason for the development of this complication may be careless, gross manipulations with the cervix during intrauterine insemination. The mechanism of development of this phenomenon lies in the irritation of special nerve fibers of the so-called autonomic nervous system, which is accompanied by a reflex expansion of blood vessels, a slowing of the heartbeat and a decrease in blood pressure. With the development of this complication, a woman is strictly forbidden to get up, as this will cause an outflow of blood from the brain, and she will lose consciousness. The patient is shown strict bed rest for several hours, drinking plenty of water, and, if necessary, intravenous fluids and medications to normalize blood pressure.
• Multiple pregnancy. As mentioned earlier, the risk of multiple pregnancy increases when insemination is performed after hormonal ovarian stimulation.
• Ectopic pregnancy. The essence of this phenomenon is described above.

Drawing pains in the abdomen

During the first hours after intrauterine insemination, a woman may complain of pulling pains in the lower abdomen. The cause of this phenomenon may be irritation of the uterus caused by the introduction of poorly cleaned sperm into it. In this case, there is a strong contraction of the uterine muscles, which is accompanied by a violation of the blood microcirculation in them and the appearance of a characteristic pain syndrome. A few hours after the end of the procedure, the pain disappears on its own, without requiring any treatment. At the same time, it is worth noting that a strong contraction of the muscles of the uterus can disrupt the process of moving sperm to the egg, thereby reducing the likelihood of pregnancy.

Chest pain ( sore nipples)

Breast pain may appear several weeks after insemination and is most often a sign of an ongoing pregnancy. The cause of the pain syndrome is a change in the mammary glands under the influence of progesterone and other hormones, the concentration of which in the blood of a woman increases during gestation. In addition to pain in the nipples, slight white discharge may appear, which is also absolutely normal during pregnancy.

Temperature

During the first 2-3 days after insemination, a woman's body temperature can rise to 37-37.5 degrees, which is absolutely normal. An increase in temperature by 0.5 - 1 degree is noted during ovulation and is associated with hormonal changes occurring in the female body.

At the same time, it is worth noting that an increase in temperature to 38 degrees and above, which occurs during the first or second day after insemination, may indicate the development of complications. One of common causes temperature increase may be the development of an infection introduced during the procedure ( for example, if the doctor or patient does not comply with hygiene standards). The development of the infection is accompanied by the activation of the immune system and the release of many biologically active substances into the blood, which determine the temperature increase 12-24 hours after infection. The temperature can then reach extremely high values ​​( up to 39 - 40 degrees and more).

Another reason for the increase in temperature may be an allergic reaction associated with the introduction of poorly purified seminal fluid into the uterus. Unlike infectious complications, with an allergic reaction, body temperature rises almost immediately ( within the first minutes or hours after the procedure) and rarely exceeds 39 degrees.

Regardless of the cause, a temperature increase of more than 38 degrees is a reason to see a doctor. It is not recommended to take antipyretic drugs on your own, as this can distort the clinical picture of the disease and make it difficult to make a diagnosis.

Will there be periods after insemination?

The presence or absence of menstruation after insemination depends on whether the sperm can reach the egg and fertilize it. The fact is that under normal conditions, during the menstrual cycle, certain changes occur in the uterus of a woman. During the first phase of the menstrual cycle, her mucosa is relatively thin. After the maturation of the egg and its release from the follicle, the concentration of the hormone progesterone increases in the woman's blood. Under its influence, certain changes are observed in the mucous membrane of the uterus - it thickens, the number of blood vessels and glands increases in it. Thus, it is prepared for the implantation of a fertilized egg. If implantation does not occur for a certain time, the concentration of progesterone decreases, as a result of which the superficial part of the uterine mucosa dies and is excreted through the female genital tract. The resulting bleeding is associated with damage to small blood vessels and is usually moderate.

Considering the foregoing, it follows that if menstruation appeared after insemination, conception did not occur. At the same time, the absence of menstruation may indicate in favor of a developing pregnancy.

Brown spotting ( bleeding)

Under normal conditions, no vaginal discharge should be observed after insemination. If in the first hours after the procedure a woman has slight white discharge, this indicates that the seminal fluid introduced to her ( certain part of it) leaked out. The likelihood of pregnancy is significantly reduced, since most of the spermatozoa will not reach the fallopian tubes.

The appearance of brown bloody) discharge, accompanied by moderate pain in the lower abdomen, can be observed 12 to 14 days after insemination. In this case, we will talk about menstrual bleeding, which normally begins 2 weeks after ovulation ( if the egg has not been fertilized). At the same time, it can be said with certainty that the attempt to conceive failed.

This bleeding does not require any treatment and usually stops on its own after 3 to 5 days, after which the next menstrual cycle begins.

Why is the pregnancy test negative after insemination?

If, 2 to 3 weeks after insemination, a pregnancy test and blood test for chorionic gonadotropin show a negative result, this indicates that the fertilization of the egg did not occur, that is, pregnancy did not occur. It is important to remember that successful fertilization on the first attempt is observed only in half of the cases, while other women need 2 or more attempts to achieve a positive result. That is why, after a single negative result, one should not despair, but should try again during the next ovulation. This increases the chances of successful fertilization.

Where ( in which clinic) is it possible to do artificial insemination in the Russian Federation?

AT Russian Federation prices for artificial insemination vary widely ( from 3 - 5 to 60 and more thousand rubles). The cost of the procedure will be determined by its type ( the cheapest will be intracervical insemination, while other methods will be somewhat more expensive), source of sperm ( insemination with the sperm of a donor will be much more expensive than with the sperm of a husband or a permanent sexual partner) and other factors.

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For couples facing infertility, assisted reproductive technology becomes a chance to become parents.

One of the simple and affordable methods of assisted reproduction is artificial insemination. What is the essence of the procedure? How to behave after insemination? To whom is it indicated and are the chances of pregnancy high?

Artificial insemination - what is it?

Artificial insemination can rightly be considered one of the first scientific methods of assisted reproduction. AT late XVIII century, the Italian doctor Lazaro Spalazzi first tested it on a dog, resulting in healthy offspring in the amount of three puppies.

Six years later, in 1790, artificial insemination (AI) was first tested on humans: in Scotland, Dr. John Hunter inseminated the patient with the sperm of her husband, who suffered from an abnormal structure of the penis. Today, the procedure is widely used throughout the world.

Artificial (intrauterine) insemination is a technology that represents the introduction of male sperm into the cervical canal or uterus of a woman. To do this, use a catheter and a syringe. The AI ​​day is calculated based on the patient's menstrual cycle.

It is necessary to accurately determine the periovulatory period, otherwise the procedure will be useless. The technology is applied as in natural menstrual cycle and hormonally stimulated.

Sperm is obtained outside of sexual intercourse in advance (and then frozen, thawing on the day of AI) or a few hours before the procedure. It can be processed or introduced unchanged.

How effective is artificial insemination? The results of statistics are not promising: fertilization occurs only in 12% of cases.

Who is shown the procedure?

On the part of a woman, indications for vaginal insemination are:

1. the desire to become pregnant "for oneself", without having a sexual partner;
2. infertility caused by cervical factors (pathologies of the cervix);
3. vaginismus.

Indications for insemination by a man are as follows:

• infertility;
• ejaculatory-sexual disorders;
• unfavorable prognosis for genetic diseases that are inherited;
• sperm subfertility.

In the first three cases, donor sperm is used.

After the procedure: how does a woman feel?

In order to undergo intrauterine insemination, a woman does not need to go to the hospital at all. The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis and lasts only a few minutes.

How does the patient feel about this? In practice, she experiences sensations that are no different from those during a normal gynecological examination. A mirror is inserted into the vagina, and, perhaps, the most unpleasant impressions are connected precisely with this. Almost immediately after artificial insemination, they disappear.

For a short time, painful pulling sensations in the lower abdomen may be noted, which is caused by irritation of the uterus. In rare cases, anaphylactic shock is possible with the introduction of untreated seminal fluid.

In order to avoid allergic reactions and to improve the quality of sperm, it is recommended to clean it, even if the patient's spouse's seed is used as a biomaterial.

How to behave after the procedure is completed?

The gynecologist performing the procedure will definitely tell you how to behave after insemination, warn about possible consequences will provide the necessary advice. Immediately after the introduction of sperm, a woman will need to maintain a supine position for one and a half to two hours.

A small pillow should be placed under the buttocks - an elevated pelvis contributes to a better advancement of the injected spermatozoa into the fallopian tubes. This increases the chance of conception, for which, in fact, artificial insemination was carried out.

The statistics of the success of the procedure depends on the age of the patient, the state of her reproductive health, the quality of the sperm used. To increase the effectiveness of AI, the donor material is processed, as a result of which only the highest quality spermatozoa remain.

So that a potentially fertilized egg can fully develop and the implantation of the ovum is successful, it is prescribed hormone therapy progesterone. If conception did not occur for three consecutive cycles after artificial insemination, other methods of assisted reproduction are selected.

What can and cannot be done during insemination?

Fertilization does not occur immediately at the time of sperm introduction, it takes several hours, up to a day, after insemination. What can be done to increase the chance of pregnancy?

On the first day, you must refuse:

1. from taking a bath, as water helps to wash out part of the sperm from the vagina;
2. from douching;
3. from the introduction of vaginal preparations.

But having sex is not included in the list of what should not be done after insemination, some experts even see it as a benefit: unprotected sexual contact contributes to a better advancement of the introduced spermatozoa into the tubes.

Conclusion

Following these recommendations after insemination, after a week (namely, this is how much time it takes for a fertilized egg to move into the uterine cavity and attach there), you can conduct a blood test for hCG. This hormone is a marker of pregnancy, it begins to be produced immediately after the implantation of the fetal egg in the uterus. A home express diagnostic method - a pregnancy test - is not advisable to use earlier than 12-14 days. In urine, the concentration of hCG is reached somewhat later than in the blood.

Video: Intrauterine insemination (IUI)

Artificial insemination is considered a painless procedure that is as comfortable as possible for the patient. Immediately after its completion and a short rest, when a woman needs to lie down a little, the patient will be able to return to her usual way of life. Any complications caused by insemination are quite rare. However, some women report discomfort associated with this procedure. They are especially concerned about bleeding after insemination. Why do such discharges appear, and is it worth worrying about them?

Blood after insemination: causes?

Most women closely monitor their condition after the procedure for artificially introducing sperm into the uterus. Many people are very worried if they notice that they are bleeding after insemination.

• minor trauma to the genital tract during insemination
• successful implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus

• interrupted pregnancy ("white" egg)
• ectopic pregnancy
• the onset of menstruation if insemination fails

The question often arises, what kind of discharge should be after insemination, and what can be considered the norm? Firstly, immediately after the procedure, a slight leakage of ejaculate from the genital tract is possible. This shouldn't be a cause for concern. Secondly, the occurrence of spotting discharge from the cervical canal is the norm. Therefore short-term meager brown discharge after insemination are also not considered an indicator of any pathology.

Bleeding after insemination: what to do

If a bloody issues did not appear immediately, but 6-12 days after insemination, we can talk about implantation bleeding. This is a small amount of bleeding that is yellow, pink, or brown and is one of the first indirect signs pregnancy. It is associated with the attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall. Implantation bleeding does not always appear and cannot be a direct sign of pregnancy. For exact result a woman needs to donate blood for the hCG hormone. It is advisable to donate blood for hCG after insemination after 7-14 days.

Often bleeding after insemination is associated with the onset of menstruation. With an unsuccessful attempt at fertilization, menstruation after insemination comes on the 12-15th day. It should also be noted that if you find heavy scarlet bleeding that is atypical for menstruation and spotting, you should immediately see a specialist.

He will answer your questions competently and in detail so that you have no reason to worry during this important and difficult time of waiting for the result of insemination.

How to behave after artificial insemination

The use of any assisted reproductive technology requires preparation and a responsible approach. Each patient wants a successful outcome of the procedure, which means that she must readily follow all the instructions of the specialist on how to take care of herself after artificial insemination.

• after the procedure, you should remain in a horizontal position for about 40 minutes, at this time you should try to rest and relax
• after the procedure, it is forbidden to sunbathe, sit in a hot bath or sauna, use hygienic tampons
• it is necessary to strictly follow the doctor's instructions regarding the intake of prescribed medicines, do not take medicines that you have not been prescribed, you need to ensure sexual rest for a while

• for the next two weeks after insemination, you can not lift weights and do intense sports, it is better to refrain from going to the gym and swimming pool
• should be excluded from the diet of alcoholic and coffee drinks, citrus and chocolate
• about 10-14 days will be needed in order to accurately know the outcome of artificial insemination, after this period it is required to donate blood for hCG

It must be understood that after artificial insemination, mental and physical rest is required. Time to leave all worries behind - the procedure has already been carried out, and you cannot influence its outcome. All that is required of you is not to burden the body, in which, perhaps right now, such complex processes of the birth of a new life are taking place. Try to avoid stressful situations and physical activity. Find time for good sleep and rest, do not get hung up on the result of the procedure.

When to See a Doctor After Insemination

Patients generally tolerate insemination well. You should not be afraid of natural discharge from the uterus after the procedure. Some women mistake them for leaked semen. Also, a slight increase in body temperature up to 37 degrees, abdominal pain, and small spotting are considered normal.

You should be concerned if the patient feels severe malaise and prolonged severe pain. In this case, you need to contact your doctor as soon as possible so that he establishes the source of the problem and excludes ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

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Condition of a woman after insemination

Artificial insemination is an event for a couple who wants to overcome infertility and get the long-awaited offspring. Therefore, it is not surprising that a woman is worried about her condition after insemination. She carefully listens to the body in the hope of identifying signs of a pregnancy. Indeed, after insemination, various conditions can be observed, especially if the patient is taking drugs for hormonal support. However, far from all sensations after insemination are associated with pregnancy, most often it is an individual reaction of the body to outside interference.

So, the woman was artificially inseminated with the sperm of her husband or a donor. After that, she will need to spend about half an hour in the supine position. What sensations after insemination will she experience immediately after the procedure and in the following days?

• Immediately after the procedure, a woman may feel sipping in the lower abdomen. Many note similar sensations 1-2 days after insemination.
• If the patient was prescribed progesterone, then against the background of his intake, she is able to feel drowsiness and general weakness. Elevated temperature body after insemination is also associated with changes in hormonal levels. If the temperature after insemination shows high rates, you should consult your doctor. To reduce the negative effect of taking hormonal drugs, it is recommended to use them not orally, but vaginally.
• Some women claim that they feel sick after insemination, but this feeling is not associated with this procedure.
• The onset of menstruation indicates a failed attempt at insemination. It is possible on the 13th day after insemination

• In the absence of menstruation, a pregnancy test can be performed. It makes no sense to conduct a test on the 6th day after insemination, and even more so on the 4th day after insemination and earlier. Only the 7th day after insemination will be effective for a test or blood donation for the hCG hormone, it will show whether the insemination was successful. Day 7 is the period from which we can talk about the successful or failed fertilization. Also, as a result, ultrasound examination allows you to make sure, it is carried out 3 weeks after the procedure.
• In addition, in some cases, after insemination, uterine tone, allergic reactions to a drug that stimulates ovulation, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, exacerbations of diseases of the reproductive system, and less often, shock reactions to the introduction of sperm into the uterus are observed.

The most common complaint that doctors hear from patients after intrauterine insemination is aching pain lower abdomen. If the stomach hurts immediately after insemination or in the first couple of days, then this is considered a variant of the norm. This condition is associated with the reception hormonal drugs and changes in the female body.

After fertilization, the ovaries begin to produce a large amount of sex hormones, which are necessary for the normal attachment of the fetus to the uterine wall and improve its nutrition. Often after insemination, the abdomen hurts as before menstruation, and it swells, swells and hurts the chest.

It should be noted that such a condition is the norm only if there is no profuse spotting, and the pain is tolerable. If the stomach after insemination hurts unbearably badly, then you need to urgently consult a doctor. It is possible that there were some complications.

To relieve pain after insemination, it is recommended to rest more, spend time in bed. Doctors also advise eating light protein foods, avoiding gas-producing foods, fatty and spicy foods. It is very important to drink enough fluids and not to worry.

After insemination, it is strongly recommended to stop taking painkillers and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, these drugs do not have the best effect on the development of the fetus. But if a woman nevertheless decided to take painkillers, it is necessary to consult with her doctor. Do not self-medicate, it can lead to severe consequences, up to the deformity of the fetus and miscarriage in the early stages.

Another symptom that greatly worries women after insemination is brown and bloody discharge. Every woman knows that during pregnancy there should be no blood, therefore, menstruation after successful insemination does not normally occur, because the egg is fertilized and begins to actively develop.

Bleeding after insemination can occur for a number of reasons:

• fetal implantation has occurred;
• during the procedure, the doctor damaged the walls of the vagina;
• an ectopic pregnancy has occurred;
• a miscarriage has occurred;
• menstruation began, which indicates unsuccessful insemination.

In each case, bleeding looks different, but in any case, a woman is advised to talk to her doctor if she sees blood on her underwear after insemination or IVF.

The most favorable bleeding is implantation, which occurs 5-7 days after the procedure. This happens in some women at the time when the embryo grows into the wall of the uterus. When the fetus attaches, it damages small capillaries that begin to bleed. In this case, the discharge is scanty, light, most often pink. With an injury to the genital tract, the discharge is also very scarce, the blood is light, scarlet.

Spotting after insemination can also be a bad symptom, for example, ectopic pregnancy. In this case, bleeding can be moderate or profuse, and the condition is usually accompanied by severe pain in the lower abdomen. If a woman experiences symptoms such as pain and blood after insemination, she should immediately consult a doctor.

Menstruation after insemination in case of failure occurs on the 11-15th day. Menstrual bleeding suggests that the pregnancy did not occur, and the procedure was unsuccessful. Abundant bleeding before menstruation, that is, on the 5-10th day, may indicate that fertilization has occurred, but for some reason the embryo has been rejected.

Temperature

Often after insemination, women complain of fever and weakness. This condition is a variant of the norm, it is associated with the hormonal system, in particular with an increase in the level of progesterone in the body.

Normally, the temperature rises to 37.5 degrees and does not last long, only the first couple of days. At this time, a woman may feel drowsiness, weakness, aching pain in the lower abdomen and bloating. It is recommended during this period to rest more and worry less.

If the body temperature has risen above 38 degrees, the woman has questionable discharge, her head hurts, she is sick, then you need to contact a therapist. After insemination, there should not be such symptoms; most likely, the woman fell ill with an infectious pathology.

Often, doctors have to hear from patients that they feel nauseated after insemination. Normally, nausea after insemination should not occur, no hormones can provoke the appearance of such a symptom, and it is too early for the onset of toxicosis.

If a woman is sick after insemination, this may be due to a strong experience, poor nutrition. First of all, it is recommended to remember what the woman ate today, whether she is starving herself due to a nervous condition. After the procedure, you must follow proper nutrition, starve and overeat is strictly prohibited.

If nausea is accompanied by vomiting, fever and abdominal pain, this may be a sign of a serious pathology, for example, an exacerbation of gastritis or an intestinal infection. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor.

From the 5th to the 7th day. During this period, the fertilized egg reaches the uterus, where it will be decided whether pregnancy will occur or not. A positive result is the fixation of the embryo in the mucous layer of the uterus (may happen later).