Ruscus Italian - care at home. Ruscus - bright greens with berries on the leaves Ruscus growing at home

Ruscus is an evergreen perennial plant from the Asparagus family. It is common in the Caucasus, the Mediterranean and the Southern Crimea. In more northern regions, ruscus is grown as an indoor crop. It attracts with dense bright green leaves and a scattering of red berries. Among flower growers, it is better known under the names "needle needle" or "mouse turn". Can be used to decorate the room, arranging bouquets and in medicinal purposes.

plant description

Ruscus is an evergreen sprawling shrub with a growth height of 30-60 cm. It is fed by a creeping superficial rhizome. Shoots form many branches from the very base. They are covered with dark green scaly bark with expressive longitudinal grooves.

Dense ovate leaves are actually reduced shoots. Botanists call them "phylloclades". The foliage has practically no petioles. It is located on the stems alternately. At the end of each leaf is a sharp thorn.

Flowers grow directly from the leaf plate. They have short pedicels. A whitish or purple corolla with a diameter of not more than 1 cm is not particularly beautiful. Flowering occurs in April-May. There are varieties that bloom before winter.

Ruscus is a dioecious plant, so for the appearance of decorative fruits, it is necessary to have a male and female flower nearby. As a result of successful pollination rounded fruits of bright red color are tied. Each fleshy fruit contains 1-2 seeds. It is important to be careful, because the berries are poisonous and unsuitable for consumption.

Types of Ruscus

Today, 8 species are registered in the genus Ruscus. Let's look at 4 of them.

Butcher's needle Colchis (Ruscus Colchis). Spreading shrub consists of flexible shoots up to 55 cm long. Leathery phylloclades are painted in dark green. A small flower is partially hidden under a lanceolate bract. Long flowering occurs in October-January. After pollination, rounded two-seeded berries with a diameter of 8-10 mm ripen. The fruits of this species can be eaten.

Butcher's needle Pontic (prickly). Shrub 60-100 cm high consists of long erect shoots. They are covered with lanceolate bluish-green foliage with spines at the ends. On phylloclades, small membranous or awl-shaped leaves are visible. Small single flowers are located on a dense pedicel. They bloom in February-April. By November-December round two-seeded berries ripen.

Ruscus Italian (butlet needle). The plant is distinguished by long, erect shoots with emerald lanceolate foliage. The height of the shrub is 40-50 cm. Miniature flowers bloom at the end of winter. Their petals are painted in light blue or white.

The shrub forms upright and creeping shoots 25-40 cm high. It completely covers the soil with a dark green prickly carpet. The length of the phylloclady is 1.5-3 cm. The central vein is distinguished by a lighter color and relief.

reproduction

To propagate ruskus, it is necessary to sow seeds or divide an overgrown bush. Sowing of seeds is carried out in February in containers with a sand-peat mixture or in peat tablets. Shoots appear unevenly and very slowly. Individual seeds can germinate up to a year. To speed up the germination process, it is necessary to carry out cold stratification. Crops are kept at a temperature of 0 ... + 10 ° C for a week, you can cover the container with a snow cap. After that, the pots with seeds are brought into a bright and warm (+ 20 ° C) room. When the height of the seedlings reaches 7-8 cm, they dive into separate pots.

In the spring, when transplanting, you can divide a large bush into several parts. Each delenka should have a rhizome and several shoots. Rooting is fairly easy. In a few weeks, new shoots will appear on the seedling.

Features of care

Room ruskus is unpretentious, it is easy to care for him. Even a novice florist can afford to have this beautiful plant. It adapts to almost any adverse conditions. But flowering and fruiting, as well as sprawling shoots can be obtained under certain conditions.

Lighting. Butcher's needle needs a long daylight and diffused light. It must be placed at some distance from the window. In summer, direct sunlight can burn the leaves. In winter, you can rearrange the plant on the southern windowsill or use the backlight.

Temperature. Ruscus is grown at room temperature. For the summer, the bush is recommended to be taken out to fresh air. In winter, cooling down to + 13 ... + 15 ° C is allowed. However, it is not necessary to specifically provide for such a decrease in temperature.

Humidity. The plant adapts to the humidity of the air in the room, it needs periodic spraying. In the warm season, it is also necessary to bathe the bushes under a warm shower.

Watering. Needle is watered sparingly. The soil between irrigations should dry out by 3-4 cm. During the period of formation of new phylloclades, watering should be increased.

Fertilizer. In April-October, ruscuses are fed monthly with universal mineral fertilizers. The solution is applied to the soil. In winter, top dressing is not produced.

Transfer. Ruscus transplantation is carried out in the spring as needed. If you pick up a pot much wider, lateral processes will appear faster. When transplanting, the old earthen lump is cleaned and the dried roots are cut off. There is no need to choose a deep container. A layer of drainage is poured at the bottom of the pot. The soil for ruskus should be light and fertile. For its preparation, turf and leafy soil, as well as sand are used.

Diseases. Ruscus is not susceptible to plant diseases. Its roots have bactericidal properties. They can even resist some fungal and bacterial infections.

Ruscus is used to decorate rooms. Its bright foliage and scarlet berries are good at any time of the year. Bushes are suitable for landscaping rooms, cold foyers and public places. Bushes covered with berries can be given instead of a bouquet. Cut stems are also used to make bouquets.

Ruscus roots and berries have medicinal properties. Dried raw materials are brewed and taken orally to combat hemorrhoidal manifestations, strengthen veins and combat blood stasis in the lower extremities.

Ruscus or Ruscus is an evergreen perennial shrub belonging to the Asparagus family. The Caucasus, the Mediterranean, the Southern Crimea are the natural habitats of Ruscus. Butcher's broom is grown as an indoor crop in more northern latitudes, as it dies in frosty winter conditions.

Dense bright green leaves and a scattering of red berries do not leave anyone indifferent. Flower growers sometimes call the plant a mousethorn. Florists widely use ruscus for making bouquets, a shrub is good for interior decoration, and is also used for healing purposes.

How to care for ruskus at home photo

Ruscus is a perennial shrub, in nature it reaches a height of 30-60 cm. It has a creeping superficial rhizome. The shoots, covered with a dark green scaly crust, have expressive longitudinal grooves, form numerous branches from the base.

Dense ovoid leaves are reduced shoots, called phylloclades in botany. The foliage, which is located alternately on the stems, has almost no petioles; there are sharp spines at the ends of the leaves.
The flowers appear from the leaf blades, towering on short stalks. Flowering occurs in April-May, representing a white or purple corolla up to 1 cm in diameter, which is distinguished by a special charm. Some varieties bloom in winter.

Being a dioecious plant, ruskus reproduces only by cross-pollination. Therefore, it is necessary to have a male and female plant on the site for successful pollination and the appearance of beautiful bright red berries on the bushes. The fruits are only a decoration of the landscape, the berries are not suitable for consumption, because they are poisonous. Only a few types of berries are edible. Each fleshy fruit contains 1-2 seeds.

Ruscus propagation by cuttings photo

Ruscus Italian is perfectly rooted from cuttings, and you can even “plant” twigs taken from a bouquet presented to you.

Cut the cuttings 10-12 cm long, make the lower cut oblique, the upper one even.
Hold the branches in a solution of root or heteroauxin for several hours.
Plant the branches in a pot with nutrient soil, make sure that there are drainage holes in the bottom.
Place the pot on a tray and cover the cuttings with a glass jar.
Water twice a week through the pan, keep out of direct sunlight.
Soon, young shoots will be visible at the base of the cuttings, this will be a sign of successful rooting. The jar can be removed and the plants taken care of in the usual way.

Ruscus from seed photo seedlings

Sowing seeds begins in February. Prepare containers with drainage holes in the bottom. As a soil, a peat-sand mixture or a peat tablet is used. The emergence of seedlings is uneven, slow, some seeds germinate for almost a year.

Cold stratification is recommended to speed up the germination process. For a week, hold the crops at temperature regime 0-10°C. You can wrap the seeds in a damp cloth or mix with damp earth, place in a plastic bag and put in the refrigerator for one to two weeks.

Sowing in the snow works well: collect a layer of snow, covering the container for sowing with it. Scatter the seeds on top and put for a week in a cool place (0-8 ° C). The seeds will get the stimulus they need while the snow melts. Then bring the container into a bright, warm (20°C) room. Water moderately, without stagnant water. When the seedlings reach a height of 7-8 cm, dive them into separate pots.

Part of the ruscus rhizome, ready for planting photo

During the spring transplant, large bushes are divided into several parts. Delenki should contain part of the rhizome with several shoots. The resulting plants take root easily, after a week new shoots are visible on the seedling.

Indoor ruscuses are unpretentious, easy to care for. Novice flower growers can easily get them. They grow under almost any adverse conditions, but flowering and fruiting, a spreading crown are obtained with certain care.

Iglitsa needs a long daylight hours, diffused lighting. Place at some distance from the window, avoid direct sunlight in summer, southern window sills are preferable in winter, use backlighting.

Ruscus is comfortable at room temperature. In the summer, take out the bush on open air, in winter, the butcher's needle can withstand temperatures as low as 13-15 ° C, but there is no need to specially create such a temperature.

Butcher's needle adapts to room humidity, but periodic spraying is needed. Bathe the plant regularly under a warm shower on hot days, covering the pot with a plastic bag.

Water the needle moderately. The soil should dry out 3-4 cm between treatments. Increase watering when new phylloclades (leaves) are formed. In spring, the plant needs more moisture, as a period of active growth begins. After flowering and fruiting, in autumn, watering is somewhat reduced, preparing the plant for a dormant period.

Monthly apply universal mineral fertilizers for decorative leafy plants to the soil from April to October. In winter, fertilizing the substrate is not necessary.

How to transplant ruskus photo

If necessary, the bush is transplanted in the spring. The selection of a larger pot contributes to the appearance of lateral processes, the bush becomes more lush. Deep containers are not required - the roots grow in breadth.

Clean off the old earthen ball, cut off the dried roots.
Prepare light fertile soil: soddy or leafy, lay drainage at the bottom of the pot.
Pour a layer of fertile earth on top of the drainage, set the plant upright and, holding it, cover it with earth on the sides.
The root neck can only be slightly deepened, no more than 2 cm.
After transplanting, water gently, avoiding stagnant water. Be sure to drain the earth from the pallet.

Ruskus tolerates a transplant relatively easily, signs of active growth will soon be visible.

Possessing bactericidal properties, ruscus roots are resistant to disease, able to defeat some fungal and bacterial infections. Treatment with appropriate insecticides will help get rid of spider mites, scale insects, mealybugs, thrips.

Rooms are decorated with bright foliage and scarlet berries - they look great at any time of the year. Rooms, cool foyers, public places are planted with bushes. Cut branches with or without berries are used to make bouquets.

Ruscus berries and roots have medicinal properties. A decoction of dried raw materials should be taken orally to strengthen the veins, from stagnation of blood in the legs, to combat the manifestations of hemorrhoids.

To date, there are 8 types of needles, consider the most popular.

Ruscus Colchis or butcher's needle Colchis photo

It is a spreading shrub, consisting of flexible branches about 55 cm long. Dark green phylloclades are leathery, flowers partially cover oblong bracts. It blooms for a long time: from October to January, ripe two-seeded rounded berries 8-10 cm in diameter are edible.

Butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus photo

Shrub consisting of erect long shoots 60-100 cm tall. The main shoots are covered with oblong bluish-green foliage with spines at the ends, phylloclades are covered with small membranous or subulate leaves. Solitary small flowers blooming in February-April, located on dense pedicels, two-seeded round fruits ripen in November-December.

Ruscus Italian or butcher's broom Ruscus hypophyllum

Ruscus Italian or butcher's broom Ruscus hypophyllum photo

has long erect shoots, emerald oblong foliage, reaches a height of 40-50 cm. Small flowers that bloom towards the end of winter are white or light blue.

Ruscus hyrcanus Ruscus hyrcanus photo

A bush with upright creeping shoots, reaching a height of 25-40 cm, beautifully cover the ground with a prickly dark green carpet. The central veins are relief, lighter. Phyllocladia grow 1.5-3 cm long.

One of the most extravagant ornamental plants is the Italian ruscus (Ruscus hypophyllum) or, in other words, butcher's broom. He attracts saturated in green pseudo-leaves, and especially bright and contrasting red berries.

Signs and superstitions

According to Feng Shui, plants are alive and symbolize life and prosperity. By placing them on the window, bad energy is filtered, not far from the bed - the condition of the sleeper improves, in the corner - energy does not stagnate.

When positioning the needle, it should be taken into account that it does not stand in a straight line between a window and a door or two doors, they are at a distance of one meter from places of work, rest, and sleep.

There is a legend about ruscus, which tells why this plant became evergreen and has such bright fruits. Once a forest nymph invited all the flowers to a ball. The flowers that came communicated merrily, danced and showed themselves in all their glory, and only the needle was in the distance.

Then the nymph asked why she was sad. Iglitsa embarrassedly said that she was not attractive enough and she had nothing to brag about. The kind nymph gave the needle a gift in the form of beautiful fruit beads and endowed her with evergreen leaves.

Then the needle, in gratitude for the gift, said that she wanted to be useful to humans and animals. All the flowers, together with the nymph, discussed what part of the needle should become medicinal. Someone offered fruit beads, which she was given. Later, references to the medicinal properties of ruscus fruits were found in the writings of historians.

Pruning and rejuvenation

Ruscus is a neat plant and does not require shape adjustments. It is enough to remove the yellowed shoots. With a strong desire, it can be given the necessary shape.

In winter, the plant is at rest, it does not require much attention, only periodic watering no more than 2 times a week. Starting in spring, fertilize, transplant and prune.

You can buy ruskus in big stores indoor plants. The price, however, will depend on the size. The average value on the market is 600 rubles.

Important! Place the purchased plant in quarantine, do not rely on chance. And just in case, treat with a phyto-farm.
After two weeks of "acclimatization" it can be transplanted into a new pot, paying attention to the condition of the roots.

There are no special requirements for the pot. The main thing is to select according to the size of the root system, and also take into account what form the needle will be grown. A wide pot will allow the rhizome to grow, releasing many new shoots and giving the plant splendor. Ruscus will not bush in a narrow pot.

reproduction

It is better to propagate the needle in the spring, before growth begins. When propagating, you may need: a container, a film or a piece of glass, nutrient soil, a spray bottle, a knife.

Vegetative

The division of an adult mother plant at the roots is the most in an efficient way. This procedure is carried out in the spring before the start of active growth.

The plant is carefully removed from the pot, and, as in transplanting, the roots are cleaned of soil and cut off.

The root system is divided with a knife, so that on each separated part there are young phylloclades. Do not divide by too small.

The resulting parts are planted in pots, while it is recommended to sprinkle the slices with crushed activated or charcoal.

It is also possible to grow ruskus by planting a cutting taken from a gift bouquet.

It is necessary to cut cuttings of 10-12 cm, cutting from below at an oblique angle.

For several hours, lower it into a solution of root or heteroauxin, then plant them in nutrient soil and equip the pot with drainage holes.

Cover the cuttings with a jar. Water 2 times a week through the pan and avoid direct sunlight.

After waiting for the appearance of young shoots, you can remove the jar and take care of it, as you would for an ordinary adult plant.

seeds

When growing needles from seed, you need to have a lot of patience, because they grow slowly. Seeds can be purchased at the store or obtained from fruits, most importantly, they must be fresh. best time for planting is February.

To speed up the germination of seeds, they are first soaked or wrapped in a damp cloth and placed in the refrigerator at a temperature of 0-5 ° C for a week.

Then they are sown in a prepared container. Drainage holes should be made in it and moistened peat-sandy soil should be poured. You can sprinkle the seeds with sand no more than 1 cm thick.

The container is placed in a place with room temperature, diffused lighting and covered with a piece of glass or cling film to create the right microclimate inside.

Ventilate the container daily and, if necessary, moisten the soil with a spray bottle.

Sprouts should appear in 2-3 months. If they are not, then it is worth digging a little and see if there are sprouts there. Perhaps they rotted from overwatering. Then the seeds will have to be planted again.

With the growth of seedlings of 6-8 centimeters, which is achieved after 10-12 months, they are seated in separate pots and grown at routine care. Ruscus can also be propagated by a twig.

Growing problems

Among the main problems are:

root rot, which is associated with excessive watering;
dry shoots may appear due to a large amount of sunlight or insufficient watering;
lack of fruit means that the plant has not pollinated. Butcher's broom needs cross-pollination.

Diseases

Since the needle has bactericidal properties, the roots of this plant are resistant to various diseases, it can independently fight fungal and bacterial infections.

Prevention of diseases is cutting the roots during transplantation and disinfecting the soil.

Pests

Among the main pests that affect ruscus are spider mites, mealybugs and thrips. Having found the first symptoms of the appearance of pests, it should be treated with a soap, oil or alcohol solution. You can also resort to the help of insecticides by spraying the plant with them. The most effective are Actellik, Bi-58 Novy, Gaupsin, Fitoverm.

Prevention from pests is spraying the shoots with water.

Leaf problems

Problems with pseudo-leaves, their yellowing or drying out, can be caused by improper care. It is important to water the needle regularly and if necessary, avoiding stagnation of water in the pot and pan, and not exposing it to direct sunlight.

Types of Ruscus with photos and names

Butcher's broom (Ruscus aculeatus)

The plant represents long bluish-green shoots about 70 cm high. There are small spines at the ends of the pseudo-leaves.

Solitary flowers appear in the female in spring, two-seeded red berries may appear in autumn. Some are hermaphroditic and can self-pollinate.

Subleaf (Ruscus hypophyllum)

The plant is shade-tolerant, up to half a meter high. The shoots are elongated, not rigid, non-thorny.

The flowers are small and located below the pseudo-leaves, 5-6 pieces each. It blooms in April-May, and the appearance of fruits should be expected by the end of summer and in September.

Colchis (Ruscus colchicus)

The bush grows to a height of up to a meter and has a bluish-green color. Pseudo-leaves are small elongated with well-visible veins. The flowers are greenish-purple in color and are located at the bottom of the leaf. It can also be a hermaphrodite.

It blooms in the autumn-winter period, red berries should be expected by the end of winter. The species is listed in the Red Book due to the catastrophic decline in the population.

Sublingual (Ruscus hypoglossum)

A herbaceous plant up to 50 cm high. The shoots are pointed or rounded, dark green in color. There is a bract located at the top of the pseudo-leaf and resembling a small tongue.

Below it are 2-5 greenish flowers that appear from mid-spring, and later from July to December, rich red berries up to 2 cm in diameter are formed. This species can self-pollinate and is listed in the Red Book.

Hyrcanian (Ruscus hyrcanus)

The bush grows to a height of up to half a meter, has a creeping root system. Green-colored shoots have strongly elongated leaf plates with a hard surface and a pronounced central vein, and there is a thorn at the top.

Flowers are arranged in 2-5 pieces, rarely singly in the middle of pseudo-leaves. The fruits are medium-sized up to 1 cm in diameter. The species is listed in the Red Book.

Botanical description

Flowers of butcher's broom

Small evergreen shrubs, dwarf shrubs or perennial herbs.

Creeping rhizome. The stem is finely furrowed, the branches are turned into cladodia in the form of persistent leathery plates with prominent parallel veins.

The leaves are reduced, triangular-awl-shaped, small, membranous.

Inflorescences consist of small flowers on more or less long pedicels located on the surface of the cladode, develop from a bud on the middle rib of the upper or, less often, lower surface of the cladode. Flowers unisexual with remnants of reduced androecium or gynoecium or bisexual but functioning as unisexual, small; perianths greenish, six-parted, falling, with deviated lobes, of which the inner ones are narrower. Anther flowers consist of six or three stamens fused into an ovoid tube extending from the base of the flower or from the limb of the perianth; anthers are located at the end of the tube. The pistil in a pistillate flower is surrounded by filaments devoid of anthers, the style of the pistil is very short, the stigma is capitate. The ovary is one-two-, rarely three-celled, with two ovules in each nest.

The fruit is a fleshy red berry on a short stalk, one-, rarely two-seeded. The seed is almost spherical.

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Ruscus is an evergreen perennial plant from the Asparagus family. It is common in the Caucasus, the Mediterranean and the Southern Crimea. In more northern regions, ruscus is grown as an indoor crop. It attracts with dense bright green leaves and a scattering of red berries. Among flower growers, it is better known under the names "needle needle" or "mouse turn". It can be used to decorate the room, make bouquets and for medicinal purposes.

Types of Ruscus

Today, 8 species are registered in the genus Ruscus. Let's look at 4 of them.

Butcher's needle Colchis (Ruscus Colchis). Spreading shrub consists of flexible shoots up to 55 cm long. Leathery phylloclades are painted in dark green. A small flower is partially hidden under a lanceolate bract. Long flowering occurs in October-January. After pollination, rounded two-seeded berries with a diameter of 8-10 mm ripen. The fruits of this species can be eaten.

Butcher's needle Colchis

Butcher's needle Pontic (prickly). Shrub 60-100 cm high consists of long erect shoots. They are covered with lanceolate bluish-green foliage with spines at the ends. On phylloclades, small membranous or awl-shaped leaves are visible. Small single flowers are located on a dense pedicel. They bloom in February-April. By November-December round two-seeded berries ripen.

Butcher's broom

Ruscus Italian (butlet needle). The plant is distinguished by long, erect shoots with emerald lanceolate foliage. The height of the shrub is 40-50 cm. Miniature flowers bloom at the end of winter. Their petals are painted in light blue or white.

Ruscus Italian

Ruscus Hyrcanian. The shrub forms upright and creeping shoots 25-40 cm high. It completely covers the soil with a dark green prickly carpet. The length of the phylloclady is 1.5-3 cm. The central vein is distinguished by a lighter color and relief.

Ruscus hyrcanis

Features of care

Lighting. Butcher's needle needs a long daylight and diffused light. It must be placed at some distance from the window. In summer, direct sunlight can burn the leaves. In winter, you can rearrange the plant on the southern windowsill or use the backlight.

Temperature. Ruscus is grown at room temperature. For the summer, the bush is recommended to be taken out to fresh air. In winter, cooling down to + 13 ... + 15 ° C is allowed. However, it is not necessary to specifically provide for such a decrease in temperature.

Humidity. The plant adapts to the humidity of the air in the room, it needs periodic spraying. In the warm season, it is also necessary to bathe the bushes under a warm shower.

Watering. Needle is watered sparingly. The soil between irrigations should dry out by 3-4 cm. During the period of formation of new phylloclades, watering should be increased.

Fertilizer. In April-October, ruscuses are fed monthly with universal mineral fertilizers. The solution is applied to the soil. In winter, top dressing is not produced.

Transfer. Ruscus transplantation is carried out in the spring as needed. If you pick up a pot much wider, lateral processes will appear faster. When transplanting, the old earthen lump is cleaned and the dried roots are cut off. There is no need to choose a deep container. A layer of drainage is poured at the bottom of the pot. The soil for ruskus should be light and fertile. For its preparation, turf and leafy soil, as well as sand are used.

Diseases. Ruscus is not susceptible to plant diseases. Its roots have bactericidal properties. They can even resist some fungal and bacterial infections.

Iglitsa - photo, reproduction, description, care

Botanical name: Ruscus.

The butcher's plant is a family. Lily.

Origin. Southern Europe.

Description. Needle or ruskus are evergreen perennial shrubs up to 1 m high with branched stems, bearing numerous phylloclades - flattened modified shoots up to 18 cm long, spear-shaped or elliptical, glossy, dark green. The real ones are very small, scaly. The flowers are small, star-shaped, white or light green, solitary or in small inflorescences of 2-3, sometimes with a dark purple center.

A distinctive feature of this plant is that the buds are located right in the middle of the phylloclades. After flowering, the plant forms red round or oblong berries up to 1 cm in diameter. Plants of this species are both monoecious and dioecious - that is, they are divided into male and female plants.

Butcher's needle Colchis, Pontic or prickly - Ruscus colchicus

Slow growing evergreen, compact shrub up to 60 cm high. Spreading crown forms thin, flexible plant stems. Phyllocladia - leaves are dark green, glossy, entire, lanceolate, up to 13 cm long. Small greenish flowers with long, narrow petals are formed right in the center of the phyllocladium. After flowering, the plants form rounded reddish berries.

Ruscus sublingual or leafy - Ruscus hypoglossum

Compact evergreen shrubs up to 50 cm high. Stems are green, branching profusely. Phyllocladia glossy, oblong-lanceolate, entire, green. Flowers with thin, narrow, light green petals, formed in the center of the phyllocladium. The berries are round, orange, up to 1.5 cm in diameter.

Needle flower - height. Up to 1 m.

Needle - home care

temperature conditions. In spring, summer and early autumn - normal room temperature, during dormancy in winter, place the plant in a cool room with a temperature of about 13 ° C.

Lighting. Prefers partial shade, but can grow in full shade.

Room needle - care. A very hardy plant. Can withstand temperatures as low as -25°C when dormant. Remove dead stems by cutting right at the base in spring. The plant will appreciate being outdoors in spring and summer. Can be grown in partial shade. Remove old withered stems.

Needle in a pot - soil. Suitable for a wide range of soils, but prefers well-drained soils, can grow poor nutrients substrates with very alkaline pH.

Top dressing. During the growing season 2 times a month with standard liquid fertilizers.

Appointment. Dried stems can be used in flower arrangements.

Bloom time. April May.

Air humidity. It does not impose special requirements on air humidity and easily tolerates the dryness of heated rooms.

Soil moisture. Water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.

Transfer. As needed, adult plants are transplanted in the spring every 2 - 3 years, they prefer spacious pots. For growing, it is desirable to choose a wide container.

Needle breeding. Seeds sown in early spring. Seeds germinate better if they are cold stratified beforehand. The germination period can take up to 1 year. The division of large adult plants during transplantation.

Pests and diseases.

Note.

Hydroponics.

Needle is a plant not very popular with flower growers and rarely found in our homes. It is a pity, because the needle can not only decorate the interior, but also bring practical benefits to its owner. First, the needle is considered medicinal plant, secondly, with the help of needle branches, you can create spectacular flower arrangements, and, finally, the needle is perfect for the role of a Christmas talisman: thin shoots look like Christmas tree needles, and bright red berries decorate them like New Year's toys.

plant description

Butcher's needle (ruscus): home care

An unusual plant for normal growth and development needs regular watering. However, this measure is important only during the growing season and applies to young specimens. Here the rule applies: moisten the soil under ruskus three times a week. When the shortened shoots of the butcher's needle have completed their formation, the frequency of watering is reduced. In winter, needles, regardless of their age, are watered infrequently: only 1 time in 7-10 days. When the plant is kept in a room where the thermometer drops below +14º, the substrate in a pot with ruskus should almost always be semi-dry.

Although the needle is the most unpretentious plant, it still needs top dressing. They are carried out once a month, from spring to autumn - exactly during the period of active growth. For this purpose, a complete complex fertilizer is suitable. In winter, with the onset of a dormant period, feeding is stopped.

Plant transplantation is carried out in the spring, but only if the needle really needs it. The needle will inform you about the need to change the pot and soil by the appearance of dried shoots, deterioration in growth and general condition. During transplantation, all unreliable phylloclades must be cut off. Depending on what form you want to get the plant, transplant it into a narrow (tree will come out) or wide (for a shrub) container. The soil is made up of the ingredients indicated above. At the bottom of the pot, it is desirable to arrange a high-quality drainage layer of small pebbles mixed with sand.

Ruscus is propagated by dividing the rhizome. This is not the only, but the easiest way to get offspring from the needles. The division is carried out during the transplantation of the specimen in the spring. At the same time, it is ensured that both phylloclades and roots are necessarily present on the planting material. Only in this case, the “semi-finished products” plants will start to grow and give full-fledged needles at the output. Mature, even old plants with strongly fused rhizomes are suitable for propagation. Before producing this procedure, you should wash the rhizomes. Of the above-ground shoots, only young ones are left. The division is best done using a sharp knife.

The plant is affected by scale insects and mealybugs. To combat these pests, it is necessary to use insecticides that are sold in specialized stores, or time-tested folk remedies(mostly in the early stages).

Needle twigs are good in flower arrangements. However, when cutting them and caring for the crop, always wear rubber gloves, because ruscus is a poisonous representative of the flora. For the same reason, keep the needle pot out of the reach of children and pets.

Types of butcher's needle (ruscus)

Butcher's broom (Ruscus aculeatus)- a plant 60 cm high, can reach a meter. The stems are erect, the phylloclades are bluish-green, leathery, lanceolate, drawn into a long spiny point, the midrib is well distinguished. The berries are large, red ripen in November-December.

Ruscus sublingual (Ruscus hypoglossum)- a stunted plant (height - 30-40 cm), grows on the southern coast of Crimea, is listed in the Red Book. This species is more common in Europe, where it grows in moist shady forests, among stones and on wet rocks. Its elongated leathery phylloclades have a rounded top.

Butcher's broom (Ruscus hypophyllum) distributed in the Mediterranean and Transcaucasia. It grows under the canopy of the forest, so it is quite a shade-tolerant plant. It grows up to half a meter in height. Phyllocladia oblong-lanceolate, tapering towards the base, glossy.

Butcher's broom (Ruscus hyrcanus) found in the Caucasus and northern Iran. Refers to relic plants, grows mainly in forests forming a continuous cover. Height 25-40 centimeters, grows in mountain forests.

Butcher's needle Colchis (Ruscus colchicus) has non-branching stems and large phylloclades. The flowers bloom gradually during autumn and winter, and the fruits ripen in spring. This species is considered medicinal.

Pests

Butcher's broom is affected by the following pests: scale insects, mealybug, thrips and spider mites. When the first signs are found, treatment should be started immediately. spider mite. Damage symptoms are small white dots and cobwebs braiding the plant. Then the leaves dry up and curl. Methods of struggle: Spraying with tincture of garlic. To prepare it, you need to put 2 chopped heads of garlic in an airtight container, pour 1 liter of water and leave for 5 days. Before processing, dilute the composition with water in a ratio of 1: 1. Wipe the ruscus leaf cover once with medical alcohol. Treat the aerial part of the shrub with the Fitoverm biopreparation.

Thrips. The first signs are the formation of light dots and spots, the upper part of the sheet becomes Brown with a silvery sheen, it subsequently dries and twists upwards. Methods of struggle: Treatment with insecticides 3 times with an interval of 10 days. Also, a good result shows the addition of flea shampoo for animals to them. Mealybug. These insects can be seen on the shrub with the naked eye. They suck out the juices of the plant, which slows down its growth. Symptoms of the lesion are the formation of dry black plaque and sugary secretions.

Control methods: Removal of damaged parts and treatment of the plant with drugs such as Actellik, Tsvetofos, Lepidocid and Intavir. Spraying with a soap-alcohol solution. To prepare it, you need 1 tsp. dissolve laundry soap in 1 liter of hot water, add 1 tbsp. l. vodka and 2 tbsp. l. alcohol. The aerial part of the needle should be processed 3-4 times, covering the soil in the container. Shchitovki. The first signs of an insect attack are the appearance of a sticky liquid on the leaves, red-brown, yellow spots and plaque. Control methods: Treatment with chemical insecticides such as Arrivo, Fitoferm, Fufanon or Aktellik. Remove insects with a soft toothbrush, then wipe the plant with grated onions and spray with soapy emulsion.

reproduction

Ruscus is propagated by division of the rhizome or seeds. Seeds are sown in winter in a mini-greenhouse with peat tablets and kept at room temperature. When the seedlings get stronger, they can be transplanted into permanent pots and looked after as an adult plant. The easiest way to propagate ruskus is by dividing the rhizome. In early spring, before the start of the period of active growth, during the transplant process, the overgrown bush can be divided into smaller parts. Each new plant should have a strong rhizome and several shoots. This results in better rooting.

Ruscus is not often seen in home flower collections. Despite its high decorative value, this species has gained popularity only among true connoisseurs of exotic flora. In addition to decorative significance, it is distinguished by unique medicinal properties. This article describes the main features of this plant, as well as the main subtleties of its cultivation.

plant description

Ruscus is an evergreen shrub from the Asparagus family, up to 60 cm high. It is formed by branched shoots covered with scaly bark. They develop small alternate ovoid leaves. They are devoid of cuttings and are modified branches of shoots. The upper edge of the leaf is decorated with a small thorn, which in its natural environment helps to protect the plant from ruminants. Hence the second name of the plant - needle. Its root system is creeping, superficial type.

Spreading

In the natural environment, the shrub is found quite widely. On the territory of Macronesia, it can be found in the Azores and Canary Islands, as well as in Madeira. In Africa, the plant is common in Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria. In the expanses of Eurasia, ruskus is found everywhere, right up to the Crimea, the Caucasus and Transcaucasia. The plant is also represented by specimens from Asia: it can be found in Palestine, Iran and Turkey.

How it blooms

The needle usually blooms in the second half of spring, however, there are separate varieties that can bloom in late autumn and early winter. During the flowering period, small inflorescences develop on the plant, located on short pedicels. They grow directly from the leaves and are distinguished by a whitish or purple corolla about 1 cm in diameter.

The flowers of the plant are of different sexes, therefore, in order for the pollination of ruscus to occur, you need to acquire specimens of both sexes. After pollination, small fruits-berries of a rich red hue develop from the flower. In each fruit, 1 or 2 seeds ripen, which in optimal conditions able to give a young plant.

Important!You need to be careful with the fruits of the needle: even in small quantities, they can cause all kinds of digestive disorders and intoxication of the body.

Ruskus (needle needle): home care

The main feature of this plant is that it has the ability to adapt to any living conditions. Ruskus may long time be without water, as well as bright sunlight. But in order to achieve special decorativeness and greenery from the butcher's needle, she definitely needs to create optimal conditions, including appropriate watering.

Lighting

This shrub is successfully grown both in partial shade and on well-lit windowsills. The lack of light does not affect appearance plants, but its excess can harm (cause burns). The most favorable place for the development of a shrub is considered to be the depth of the room or a well-shaded window sill.

Temperature and humidity

Ruscus is able to grow and develop at any room temperature, but in winter this indicator should not be lower than + 13 ° C, otherwise the needle may get sick and die. The plant tolerates heat very well, but the most decoratively valuable specimens develop at an average daily optimum of + 18 ° C: in this case, not only uniform growth is observed, but also a long and longer flowering of the bush.

With regard to humidity, this species is also unpretentious, it tolerates dry air perfectly, so it does not need additional moisture. But high humidity is detrimental to ruskus. Under its influence, the plant can rot and slowly fade. Although during the hot summer, light spraying of the plant from a spray bottle once every 2-3 days has a positive effect on both growth and foliage color.

How to water

Water the needle moderately and very carefully. This species does not tolerate even short periods of waterlogging of the substrate, which is always accompanied by putrefactive lesions of the roots. Watering is carried out as needed, in small portions and only after the soil dries well. Although during the spring, the procedure is regularly resorted to, since at this time there is an active growth of shoots, requiring a moist substrate. Use for irrigation only clean, well-settled water, heated to room temperature(+22...+25°С).

Soil and fertilizer

For planting ruscus use any well-fertilized soil for home flowers. The main requirement for the substrate is high air permeability, so the soil must necessarily consist only of loose components. The optimal substrate should contain sand, soddy and leafy soil (1:1:3). For these purposes, purchased soil is also suitable, which does not contain clay components in its composition.

The needle is fed only during active growth, from March to the end of May, although, if necessary, the procedure can also be carried out in the summer. Top dressing is done once a month: for this, any complex mineral mixtures for cacti and succulents are used (Pokon, Flower Paradise, Agricola, etc.). They contain the optimal ratio of potassium, phosphorus and sodium, as well as minerals important for growth and development.

Did you know?Houseplants first appeared in Ancient China, about 5 thousand years ago. It is assumed that they were first cultivated by ancient doctors specializing in the treatment of herbs and their extracts.

planting container

To plant this flower, use any garden containers made of glass, ceramics, plastic and other materials. Their main condition is a functional drainage hole, without which the Ruscus root system will be subject to putrefactive lesions. If you are transplanting an adult plant, then choose a new pot 4-5 cm wider than the old one. A young plant can be planted in both wide and narrow containers. In the first case, ruskus will quickly fill the soil, which will form a large and voluminous bush. And in a narrow pot, the needle will give a small but elegant bush, distinguished by only a few shoots.

Pruning and rejuvenation

In frequent pruning, including for rejuvenation, the bush does not need. Sanitary pruning is carried out as needed: to remove wilted leaves or non-viable shoots. Rejuvenation of the needle is combined with a transplant, it is carried out in early spring, while diving bush into a new pot. Large and damaged shoots, at least 2-3 years old, are subject to removal.

Pruning is carried out with a garden pruner or a knife. Before the procedure, such a tool must be sterilized with 70% alcohol or 1% potassium permanganate solution. The places of cuts must be treated with crushed wood ash, this helps to protect the ruskus from fungal attack.

Types of ruskus (needle needles) with photos and descriptions

Today, several popular varieties of this plant are known. Their main difference lies in the size, as well as the shape of the leaves, which gives ruskus unique features.

This species is distinguished by a rather tall bush, the average size of which is within 60 cm, but under optimal conditions it can lengthen up to 1 m. It is found in nature in the Mediterranean, the Caucasus and the Crimea. This ruscus has erect shoots that are densely covered with lanceolate, leathery leaves, located on leaf-shaped branches of a rich dark green hue. The plant blooms from November to December. During flowering, small green-purple flowers develop in the axil of the bract of the bush. Under optimal conditions, large rich red fruits appear in their place.

Butcher's broom is a small plant 30–40 cm high. Under cultural conditions this species is rare, because today it is included in the list of rare and endangered plants. In nature, it can be seen mainly in the Crimea and Asia Minor. The plant is distinguished by dark green leaves, as well as bisexual flowers capable of self-pollination. Flowering occurs during April-May. The fruits of this needle are small, bright red hues.

This species grows on average up to 50 cm, its stems are branched, the leaves are bright green in color, which are characterized by an oblong-lanceolate shape, with a slight narrowing at the edge. In nature, the plant is found in the Mediterranean and Transcaucasia. During the flowering period, small white or pale blue flowers appear on the bush, collected in inflorescences of 3-10 pieces. After flowering, a small red berry is formed, with fleshy pulp.

This plant is considered a relic species, which in the wild is distributed mainly in the Caucasus and Northern Iran, although occasionally it can also be found in the Crimea. The bush reaches a height of no more than 40 cm, it is formed by branched stems with leaf-shaped formations of an oblong-ovate or lanceolate-ellipsoid shape. Flowers are observed in April, usually they are collected in small inflorescences of 3-5 pieces, but sometimes they can grow singly. The fruits are small, less often - medium, fleshy, deep red.

Representatives of this species are known for their large pointed leaves, as well as weakly branched stems, no more than 40–50 cm high. In the natural environment, the plant can be found in Turkey, the Crimea, Georgia, and southern Russia. Flowering of the Colchis needle is observed throughout autumn and winter, the flowers appear evenly, after which the berries ripen in the spring. This plant is considered medicinal, because on its basis it is created a large number of preparations for traditional and traditional medicine.

How to transplant ruskus

This plant is transplanted by transshipment. The most favorable period for the procedure is the first half of spring. The procedure is carried out no more than 1 time in 3 years.

The main stages of transplantation:

Treat the new container with 70% alcohol or 1% potassium permanganate solution (for disinfection), and then rinse it thoroughly under running water.
Place a 3–4 cm layer of gravel on the bottom of a sterile vessel, and 4–5 cm of new soil on top of it.
Carefully remove the bush from the old flowerpot (along with the soil). Excess old substrate can be shaken off, but the root layer of soil must remain on the bush.
Place the plant together with the clod of soil in a new container, fill the gaps between the flowerpot and the plant with new soil.
Water the plant well and place the flowerpot in a warm place.

Ruscus breeding

This species is propagated both vegetatively (by cuttings) and generatively (by seeds). It is believed that vegetative propagation is simpler and more effective. During the process, it is not required to create a special microclimate for germination, which is a prerequisite in the case of seed germination.

Vegetative

Vegetative propagation is started only after the bush has fully grown and expanded. This will require at least 3-5 years, otherwise the procedure may have a detrimental effect on it. Reproduction is carried out during transplantation, but no later than mid-spring. The most favorable for this is the method of dividing the bush.

The main stages of propagation of Ruscus by dividing the bush:

Prepare the soil and 2-3 garden containers for planting.
Fill the pots with a drainage layer of gravel, pour new soil on top of it.
Carefully remove the plant from the old pot along with the clod of soil.
Rinse the old substrate thoroughly from the root system under running water.
Divide the bush into 2-3 parts with a sharp knife, be sure to treat the cut points with crushed charcoal(for disinfection). In this case, it is necessary to remove old and unviable shoots.
Place the delenki in a new flowerpot, cover the roots with soil, and then water well.
Move the plants to a warm, well-lit area and care for them as if they were adults.

seeds

Propagation by seeds is started only if there is an urgent need to cultivate a new variety or hybrid of Ruscus. To perform the procedure, you will need quite serious skills in floriculture, so only experienced flower growers start it.

Important!For propagation of Ruscus, only a sterile substrate is used. For this its 15–20 minutes roasted in the oven at +125°C or frozen in the refrigerator 2–3 days at -20...-25°C.

The main stages of propagation by seeds:

Sterilize seed. To do this, it is soaked for 20 minutes in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate.
Fill wide containers or garden pots with soil. For germination, a mixture of equal parts of peat and sand is suitable.
Make longitudinal rows in the ground 2 cm deep at a distance of 3-4 cm between each.
Sow the rows with seeds and cover them with a 2 cm layer of soil, then water abundantly.
Cover the seeded pots with transparent polyethylene or glass and place in a warm, well-lit place with a temperature of +22...+25°C.
After 2-3 months, when the first shoots appear, the crops must be thinned out.
In the phase of 2-3 leaves, remove the protective cover from the containers, and dive the seedlings into individual pots.

Practical use

The main use of the butcher's broom is the landscaping of landscapes and premises, although this plant is also used for medicinal purposes. In addition to a general strengthening effect, it is able to heal the body, as well as cope with many diseases.

Medicinal properties

The medicinal properties of ruscus have been known since antiquity. This shrub has a stimulating and anti-inflammatory effect on the human body, which is why it is so popular in traditional medicine. For the preparation of medicines, the rhizome and fruits of the plant are usually used, on the basis of which all kinds of decoctions, infusions and ointments are prepared.

These are especially effective for:
jaundice;
pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
renal failure;
thrombosis;
atherosclerosis;
headaches;
varicose veins;
gout;
hemorrhoids;
edema;
gangrene;
Meniere's disease;
Alzheimer's disease;
Raynaud's disease.

Contraindications

Despite the wide range useful properties, has a needle and a number of contraindications.

It is strongly not recommended to use extracts from this plant in such cases:
with inflammation of the bladder and urinary tract;
with hypertension;
during pregnancy.

In addition, in case of venous congestion or other pathologies of the cardiovascular system, it is necessary to consult a therapist before using Ruscus-based drugs, otherwise self-medication may aggravate the general state of health. Do not forget that medicines from this shrub can cause and side effects. When abused, they can cause diarrhea, stomach upset, and also cause complex allergic reactions.

Is it suitable for forming bonsai

In its homeland, the needle is not considered a popular species for growing miniature trees, but in the US and Europe it is quite often used to form bonsai.

Did you know?The seeds of some varieties of Ruscus are used as an alternative to coffee. Such a drink is not only devoid of harmful caffeine, but also has a beneficial effect on human health.

To grow such a composition, you must adhere to the following rules:

only small pots are used in the technique;
exceptionally poor sandy soil is suitable for bonsai from ruskus;
so that the plant is not overly tall, it is weakened: for this, young roots are removed before transplanting, and small cuts are made on the trunk;
it is not easy to form a crown from a needle, so you will definitely need to tie the branches with wire or a strong thread;
careful pruning of the bush before planting will help to grow a small tree: for this, it is cleaned of all young shoots and young roots.

Growing problems

Ruscus is considered a fairly unpretentious plant, so problems with it occur infrequently. In most cases, they are the result of improper plant care. In other cases, this shrub is resistant to all kinds of diseases, as well as pests.

Diseases

It is believed that ruskus has a natural resistance to all kinds of fungi, therefore it is affected by them only with low immunity. But with errors in watering and moistening, rot can develop on the bush. Pruning the affected parts, including rhizomes, as well as treating the plant with Fitosporin solution (1.5 g / 2 l of water) will help to overcome them.

Pests

The most common pests on this shrub can be found:

With extensive damage, insects cause wilting of shoots, characteristic twisting and yellowing of foliage. To combat them twice, with an interval of 2 weeks, the affected bush is treated with complex fungicides.

The most popular among them are drugs:

"Aktellik";
"Bi-58";
"Gaupsin";
Fitoverm.

Leaf problems

The main problems with butcher's leaves and how to eliminate them are presented in the table:

Problem	Cause	Solutions
Yellowing, curling, a slight pale coating may be observed on the lower part of the sheet	Pest infestation	Sick plants are treated twice (with an interval of 14 days) with fungicides.
putrefactive foci	Phytosporiosis caused by improper moisture	Putrefactive foci are removed, diseased plants are treated with Fitosporin. Be sure to regulate the irrigation regime, as well as air humidity
Small dry or yellow spots on the foliage	Sunburn	The plant is transferred to a place with more diffused light or shaded with a translucent curtain
Yellowing leaves	Root rot caused by improper watering	The frequency of irrigation is halved, if necessary, the bush is transplanted, removing putrefactive foci

Ruscus is one of the few plants that has a universal meaning. In addition to high decorative value, it has medicinal properties. Today, this plant is increasingly found in home floriculture, but it is only suitable for real professionals who are able to provide proper care to the plant.

1. Growing temperature: during the growth period they contain needles at a temperature of 18 to 26 ° C, winter - a cool dormant period is needed at a temperature of about 13 ° C.

2. Lighting: it is necessary to shade from the direct rays of the sun, the flower rather likes partial shade. Grows well even in the shade.

3. Watering and humidity: Water generously in spring and summer, but allow the top 3-4 cm of soil to dry out between waterings. In winter, watering is reduced in accordance with the temperature of the content - often they simply protect the substrate from completely drying out. There is no need to increase air humidity.

4. Peculiarities: the needle is extremely decorative and at the same time very unpretentious - the flower can be recommended for growing by beginner flower growers.

5. Priming: Easily adapts to a wide variety of soil conditions as long as there is good drainage.

6. top dressing: mineral fertilizers 2 times a month from spring to autumn. IN winter time the plant is not fed.

7. reproduction: stem cuttings, division during spring transplantation or seeds.

botanical name: Ruscus.

needle plant - family . Lily.

Origin. Southern Europe.

Description. Needle or ruskus are evergreen perennial shrubs up to 1 m high with branched stems, bearing numerous phylloclades - flattened modified shoots up to 18 cm long, spear-shaped or elliptical, glossy, dark green. The real ones are very small, scaly. The flowers are small, star-shaped, white or light green, solitary or in small inflorescences of 2 - 3, sometimes with a dark purple center.

2.11. Purpose

Dried stems can be used in flower arrangements.

2.12. Pests and diseases

Of the pests, mealybugs, spider mites, thrips, and scale insects can attack plants.

Insects - pests

insect name	Signs of infection	Control measures
Mealybug or felt	The surface of the leaves and shoots is covered with a fluffy cotton-like white coating. Plants lag behind in development	Folk remedies: spraying with soapy-alcohol solution. Infusion of tobacco, garlic, cyclamen tubers, alcohol treatments, and pharmacy tincture of calendula performed well. Chemicals: green soap solution, Aktellik, Fitoverm.
	Inconspicuous cobwebs on the leaves, yellowing and falling of foliage with extensive damage. The surface of the leaf plates becomes dead and covered with small cracks. Plant development slows down.	Folk ways. Plants can be washed in the shower and left in the bathroom in a humid atmosphere for half an hour. Irradiation with an ultraviolet lamp every week for 2 minutes. Chemicals based on pyrethrum, sulfur powders, Fitoverm, Aktellik.
thrips	The appearance of yellow spots on the leaf plates, small brown dots can be observed on the underside of the leaves. When spreading, pests cause the leaves to turn yellow, dry and fall off.	Folk ways. Increase the humidity of the air, wipe the surface of the leaves with soapy water to reduce the number of pests. Preparations based on pyrethrum - 2-fold treatment with an interval of 7-10 days, spraying with tobacco infusion, infusion of yarrow or Persian chamomile, decoction of cyclamen tubers. Chemicals: dusting with sulfur powders, the use of anabasin - sulfate in a soapy solution.
Shield and false shield	Sticky droplets on the leaves, yellow small spots on the surface of the leaf blades. With a large spread of scale insects, they contribute to the drying and falling of leaves. Flowers slow down	Folk methods of struggle. Spraying with soapy-alcohol solution. Scale insect larvae do not like garlic infusion, they also use pyrethrum-based products. Chemicals. Fitoverm, Aktellik, Fufanon.