Health
Part of a healthy diet are natural foods that play a significant role in the healthy functioning of our body. There are a huge variety of such products, but some of them have especially beneficial properties and help get rid of diseases.
1. Cherries
These berries have many health benefits. Firstly, they contain a large amount of nutrients and quite few calories. Some of these substances help fight inflammation and cancer. Quercetin and ellagic acid found in cherries, studies have shown can inhibit the growth of tumors, and also cause cancer cells to self-destruct, while healthy body cells are unharmed! Cherries also have antiviral and antibacterial properties.
Anthocyanin, another substance found in cherries, lowers blood uric acid levels, thereby reducing the risk of gout. Researchers also believe that anthocyanin prevents the development of colon cancer, reduces inflammation and relieves pain. Regular consumption of cherries helps reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
In Chinese medicine They are well aware of the beneficial properties of cherries and use these berries as a cure for gout, arthritis and rheumatism. Due to their high iron content, cherries are also used in the fight against anemia. Plus, cherries are delicious.
How? During cherry season, set a goal to eat one serving a day. Also, berries can be frozen for the winter. Frozen cherries retain 100 percent of their beneficial properties and are a good addition to smoothies, yogurts and oatmeal.
2. Beans
Beans are a wonderful food. It lowers cholesterol, regulates blood sugar and insulin production, aids the digestive system, and protects against cancer. Beans contain vital nutrients - fiber, protein and antioxidants.
Phytochemicals, contained in beans, protect cells from cancer, preventing their formation, slow down the growth of tumors. Researchers from Harvard School of Public Health report that women who eat 2 servings of beans every week have a 24 percent reduced risk of developing breast cancer. Studies have also shown that beans can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and colon cancer.
Beans are rich in antioxidants that help fight disease. In terms of antioxidant content, red large and small beans and pinto beans with specks are in the lead. Also in this product you can find an amino acid tryptophan, which helps control appetite, promotes good sleep and improves mood. Many varieties of beans are also rich in folate, which plays an important role in heart health. Also, depending on the variety, you get the potassium, magnesium and vitamins B1, B2, K that the body needs. Other legumes, such as soy, also contain useful omega-3 fatty acids.
In Chinese medicine various types of beans are used to treat alcoholism, food poisoning, edema, high blood pressure, diarrhea, laryngitis, kidney stones, rheumatism and other diseases.
How? It is enough to eat 2 servings of beans per week.
3. Kiwi
This small fruit contains a huge amount of vitamin C - twice as much as oranges, it also has more fiber than apples, and it is ahead of bananas in potassium content. Unique Blend herbal supplements, vitamins and minerals that can be found in kiwi fruit, helps protect against heart disease, stroke, cancer and respiratory diseases. The natural properties of kiwi to thin the blood do not give side effects, unlike aspirin, and also protect blood vessels from blood clots, lower cholesterol and lower blood pressure.
Kiwifruit is often prescribed as a dietary staple to fight cancer and heart disease. In Chinese medicine it is used to heal wounds and ulcers.
How? You can eat 1-2 fruits daily. Kiwi contains enzymes that are activated when the fruit is peeled and cut. The pulp becomes very soft, so when preparing fruit salads, it is better to add kiwi to them last. The riper the kiwi, the more antioxidants it contains.
4. Watercress salad
Watercress is not only rich in nutrients, but it is also calorie-free, has 4 times more calcium than 2% milk, more vitamin C than oranges, and more iron than spinach. This plant is also rich in vitamins A and K, and is rich in antioxidants.
The nutrients in watercress protect against cancer and macular degeneration, help boost immunity, and support bone health. Iron helps red blood cells carry oxygen to body tissues and provides energy. Phytochemicals fight cancer in three ways: they kill cancer cells, they block carcinogens, and they protect healthy cells from them. They also prevent the development of stomach and lung cancer, reduce the risk of developing other types of cancer.
In Chinese medicine watercress is used to get rid of tumors, improve vision in the dark, stimulate the production of bile (this helps improve digestion). It is used as a cure for jaundice, urinary problems, sore throat, mumps, and bad breath.
How? If possible, eat watercress every day. In some regions, it is readily available in spring and summer. It can also be grown hydroponically in greenhouses. The best way to eat lettuce is raw.
5. Spinach
You may already know that spinach is very healthy, but what exactly? Spinach protects the body from eye diseases and vision loss, it is also good for the brain, protects against colon, prostate and breast cancer, heart disease, stroke and dementia, lowers blood pressure, has an anti-inflammatory effect, and strengthens bones. Spinach has a lot of useful substances: vitamins K, A and C, folate, magnesium and iron.
Carotenoid, found in spinach, kills prostate cancer cells and prevents their growth. Folate reduces the risk of developing various types of cancer. Vitamin C and beta-carotene protects against colon cancer, fights inflammation, improves brain function, especially in older people. Vitamin K strengthens bones by helping calcium work in the body.
How? Spinach can be consumed every day raw or lightly scalded. It can be easily obtained in spring and summer, but it is also grown in greenhouses in winter.
6. Bow
Onions don't have a very good reputation for their smell. It contains enzymes that fight cancer well, reduces the risk of developing prostate and stomach cancer, and coronary heart disease. Onion contains sulfides, which help lower blood pressure and cholesterol, prevents the loss of calcium and other minerals, thereby strengthening bones.
Onions have antioxidant properties, reduce inflammation, and help relieve allergy symptoms. Onions are high in vitamin C, which helps fight colds and flu. The anti-inflammatory properties of onions also fight pain and swelling associated with articular rheumatism. Onions contain a lot of sulfur, it has antibiotic properties, protects against viruses. If you eat a lot of fatty and sugary foods, onions will help clear your arteries and prevent the growth of viruses, fungi, and other pathogenic bacteria.
How? One bulb a day is enough to have a positive effect on the body. All varieties of onions are useful, but the most useful are shallots and yellow onions. It is best to eat onions raw, but even when cooked, they will not lose all their properties. Onions should be stored at room temperature. If the onion is very irritating to the eyes when cutting, you can freeze it first.
7. Carrot
Carrots are high in antioxidants carotenoids. These substances help protect against post-menopausal breast cancer, as well as cancers of the bladder, cervix, intestines, pharynx, and esophagus. If the diet is deficient in carotenoids, chronic diseases, heart disease, and various types of cancer are very likely. Researchers claim that even one carrot a day can cut the risk of lung cancer by half. Carrots also help protect against kidney and ovarian cancer. The beneficial substances of carrots help fight cardiovascular diseases, strengthen the immune system, and help maintain the health of the intestines, eyes and ears.
Carrots are rich in calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, fiber, and vitamins C and A. Alpha carotene prevents the formation of tumors. In Chinese medicine Carrots are used to treat rheumatism, kidney stones, tumors, indigestion, diarrhea, poor night vision, ear infections and pain, deafness, skin lesions, urinary tract infections, coughs, and constipation.
How? Carrots can be eaten every day and are available all year round. It can be cooked, added to meat dishes, eaten raw. When cooking, coarse fibers soften, and useful substances are more easily absorbed. Before storing in the refrigerator, remove the leaves and dry the root crop.
8. Cabbage
Cabbage is very rich in vitamins K and C. Just one glass of shredded cabbage contains 91 percent of the recommended daily value of vitamin K, 50 percent of vitamin C, it is also very rich in fiber, magnesium, vitamin B6, folate and other nutrients. Moreover, in a glass of cabbage there are only 33 kcal. Cabbage has 11 percent more vitamin C than oranges.
Cabbage is also high in antioxidants. sulforaphanes, which not only fight free radicals before they can destroy DNA, but also stimulate the production of enzymes that rid the body of carcinogens. Scientists believe that these properties of cruciferous vegetables help reduce the risk of developing cancers (lung, colon, breast, ovarian and bladder cancer) and work more effectively than any other plant.
Cabbage strengthens bones, reduces allergic reactions and inflammation, and also helps to improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. You can get juice from cabbage, which helps to treat stomach ulcers due to its high content glutamine. Cabbage also contributes to the health of the heart and blood vessels, as it prevents the formation of blood clots. In Chinese medicine cabbage is used to treat constipation, colds, whooping cough, depression and irritability, ulcers. If you eat cabbage and at the same time make compresses from it, cabbage helps well in the treatment of pressure sores, varicose veins and arthritis.
How? The more kaput you eat, the more benefits. Studies in Poland have shown that eating at least 4 servings of cabbage per week reduces the risk of developing breast cancer by 72 percent in adulthood, compared with 1 serving of cabbage. Sauerkraut is even more beneficial, as it not only retains all the beneficial properties, but also contains strong probiotics that improve bowel function. The outer leaves of cabbage contain three times more calcium than the inner leaves. The most useful is red cabbage, it has 7 times more vitamin C and 4 times more polyphenols than white cabbage.
9. Broccoli
It is unlikely that you will be able to find a more useful product than broccoli. One cup of steamed broccoli contains more than 200 percent of your daily value of vitamin C (more than oranges), about the same amount of vitamin K, and half the amount of vitamin A. Broccoli is also high in folate, fiber, sulfur, iron, B vitamins and other beneficial substances. Broccoli has more protein than meat, and it is also rich in phytonutrients.
Phytochemicals in broccoli help fight cancer by neutralizing carcinogens and helping to remove them from the body, and also help fight tumors caused by chemical carcinogens. Studies have shown that these beneficial substances protect against lung and esophageal cancer, as well as many other types of cancer.
Herbal supplements help fight cancer of the prostate, stomach, skin, breast and uterus. Studies show that broccoli helps reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease by 20 percent. In Chinese medicine it is used to treat inflammation of the eyes.
How? If you eat a small portion of broccoli daily, your body will be very grateful to you. If you don't really like the taste of it, you can make it your goal to eat broccoli at least once in a while. Like most vegetables, broccoli can be eaten raw or cooked properly. When cooked, some of the beneficial anti-cancer properties are lost, but when steamed, the maximum number of these substances can be preserved. Broccoli can be obtained all year round or frozen for the winter.
HEALING NUTRITION ( diet food) is used to treat various diseases or prevent their exacerbation. It is used in hospitals, sanatoriums, sanatoriums - dispensaries at industrial enterprises, as well as for outpatient treatment and at home. Diet canteens and dietary shops are open to the public; the food industry develops various dietary products (see).
Properly organized medical nutrition contributes to a faster and more beneficial effect of medicines, while improper nutrition can interfere with their healing effect and even be harmful.
It is possible to carry out medical nutrition only on the advice of a doctor and under his supervision., since a self-established permanent diet can lead to various disorders in the body.
People suffering from diseases of the stomach, liver, etc., need to organize therapeutic nutrition at home, especially when, for one reason or another, they cannot eat in a dietary canteen.
Medical nutrition should be varied and satisfy the tastes of the patient, if they do not contradict the requirements of the diet. However, it is necessary to strive to ensure that the patient tolerates food restrictions as easily as possible.
The temperature of the food taken is of great importance: the most favorable temperature for hot dishes is about 60 ° C, for cold dishes - about 10 ° heat. Hotter and colder food, as a rule, is not allowed in clinical nutrition.
Techniques of culinary processing of products in clinical nutrition in some cases have their own characteristics.
For example, with certain diseases of the heart, kidneys, inflammatory processes, food should be cooked without salt. So that unsalted food does not cause disgust, the dishes are given a sour or sweet taste by adding sugar, honey, vinegar, citric acid, various fruits and berries; boiled and then fried onions are also added to some dishes.
Often, mashed food is required for medicinal purposes; boiled vegetables are rubbed through a sieve or turned through a meat grinder with a fine grate, the potatoes are kneaded. For the preparation of pureed cereals or puddings, it is recommended to pre-grind the cereal in a coffee mill.
For patients with gastritis with insufficient acidity of gastric juice, cutlets are not rolled in breadcrumbs, therefore, after frying, they do not have a rough crust.
For some patients (for example, with diseases of the stomach and intestines, infectious diseases, etc.), it is necessary to cook steamed dishes so that they do not have a crust and in order to reduce the content of extractive substances in food (which are strong causative agents of the separation of gastric juice); meat and fish dishes are boiled in water for the same purpose.
For steaming, in the absence of a special saucepan (see article), you can use a regular saucepan; sieves are inserted into it upside down, water is poured below the bottom of the sieve, a mold with cooked food is placed on the sieve, the pan is covered with a lid and put on the stove.
It is very important that the products that make up the dish are taken in strict proportions, therefore, when cooking, you should use scales, graduated circles, measured spoons, cups, etc.
In case of liver damage in diabetes, products should be processed in the same way as with diet number 5, eggs should be replaced with cottage cheese. It is recommended to eat at least 4 times a day.
With obesity, therapeutic nutrition is based on the principle of sharp caloric restriction due to carbohydrates and, to a lesser extent, due to fats. Calorie content is set by the doctor depending on the degree of obesity.
It is advisable to include in the diet a sufficient amount of animal protein products that increase oxidative processes in the body: lean meat, chicken, lean fish, low-fat cottage cheese, yogurt. Limit the use of eggs, especially yolks (no more than 1 pc. per day). Eliminate meat and fish broths and gravies from the diet.
Vegetarian soups are recommended. Significantly limit such carbohydrate foods as bread and bread products, flour products, pasta, potatoes, sweet varieties of berries and fruits, sugar, honey, jam and sweets. Sugar is replaced by xylitol (see article Obesity).
An important role is played by vegetables that contain less digestible carbohydrates, but have a large volume, as they contain a lot of fiber and contribute to satiety. Of cereals, it is better to use buckwheat or pearl barley for making crumbly cereals.
The amount of fat should not be greatly reduced, it is better to use vegetable and butter (lard should be excluded). Also limit the amount of liquid and salt.
With toxicosis of pregnancy, therapeutic nutrition is prescribed by a doctor in accordance with the nature of the disease. You should eat little by little, 5-6 times a day, and it is recommended to eat the first breakfast in bed before getting up.
It is better to eat liquid and solid food separately, with an interval of at least half an hour. Fasting days are useful: cottage cheese (500-600 g of cottage cheese and 100 g of sour cream per day), compote days (1.5-2 liters of compote per day) as directed by a doctor.
Lit .: Pokrovsky A. A., Conversations about nutrition, [Moscow], 1964;
Marshak M.S., Nutrition and health, Moscow, 1967
Health Nutrition Guide >>>
The reference book contains information about the main nutrients, the energy value of food, the diet of a healthy and sick person, the importance of individual foods, rational and especially therapeutic nutrition. Particular attention is paid to diet therapy for various diseases and the characteristics of diets, the organization of clinical nutrition, as well as the technology of preparing dietary dishes.
Characteristics of the main therapeutic diets >>>
This section presents the characteristics of the most common diets No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 (diet No. 12, which is practically not used, is not included). Many diets (No. 1, 4, 5, 7, etc.) have several options, indicated by letters that are added to the number of the main diet (for example, No. 7a, 76, 7c, 7d), or in separate words (No. 15 hyposodium).
For the successful treatment of most diseases, not only drug therapy is necessary, but also rational medical nutrition. Medical diets have been developed that are used for various diseases. Patients who adhere to the principles of therapeutic and preventive nutrition, as a rule, recover faster and have fewer relapses of chronic diseases.
In many cases, the exacerbation of the disease is associated with a violation of the diet. Examples are chronic pancreatitis, hypo- or hyperglycemic coma in diabetes mellitus, type 2 hypertensive crises in patients with arterial hypertension.
For rational and therapeutic nutrition, it is important not only what foods you eat, but also the way they are cooked, the frequency of meals, etc.
The main purpose of the prescribed therapeutic diet for a disease is to influence the cause that caused it. It may even be the only treatment option for the disease. This happens with metabolic disorders, kidney disease, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, most often, dietary and preventive nutrition is combined with other methods of treatment.
In any medical or preventive institution, as well as in schools, kindergartens, you can find examples of therapeutic and preventive nutrition.
The Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences has developed special therapeutic diets. There are 15 of them in total. Some diets for diseases may include subgroups, tk. at the beginning of many diseases, the requirements for the diet, its calorie content and the mechanism for preparing dishes may be more stringent than during the attenuation of the clinic or in the period of remission.
Diets for diseases under No. 1, 2, 5, 9, 10, 15 can be observed by the patient for a long time, because. correctly balanced in all respects: calories, the ratio of nutrients, etc. With regard to diets No. 4, 5a, 8, this cannot be said. They are used in short courses for relevant pathologies.
The main condition and principle of rational and therapeutic nutrition is the observance of the principles of sparing the body from the mechanical, thermal or chemical effects of food.
Mechanical sparing means eating foods that have been crushed, rubbed, etc. Such food enhances the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and contributes to the normalization of its work.
Chemical sparing means the exclusion from the therapeutic diet of sour, spicy, salty, fried foods, because. they are able to enhance the secretory activity of the gastrointestinal tract, and some have a stimulating effect on the entire body.
Thermal sparing involves eating foods whose temperature is in the range of 15-65°C.
To maintain a proper diet for diseases, the frequency of meals is also important. Experts recommend five and six meals a day. The intervals between meals should be about 4 hours. The last meal is no later than 2-3 hours before going to bed.
Characteristics of individual therapeutic diets for diseases
3. THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION IN DISEASES OF THE KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT
4. THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION FOR DISEASES OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
5. THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION FOR METABOLIC DISEASES
6. THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION FOR RHEUMATIC DISEASES
7. THERAPEUTIC FOOD FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES
8. THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION OF SURGICAL PATIENTS
9. THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION
10. RATIONAL AND HEALING NUTRITION
The foundation of good health is a healthy, nutritious diet.
Compound: milk (4-5 glasses), mucous cereals, such as semolina, milk or wheat bran soups with butter; porridge liquid, mashed, milk; soft-boiled eggs (2-3 times a day) or in the form of steam omelettes; steam soufflés from lean varieties of fish, meat; creamy unsalted (70-80 g per day) or olive oil (add to dishes), cream; berry, fruit (non-acidic) and milk jelly, carrot, fruit juices, rosehip broth, weak tea with milk (sugar up to 50 g per day). Limit salt to 5-8 g (remember that 3-5 g of salt is found in foods, 5-8 g in bread), free liquid is not more than 1.5 liters. Additionally vitamins A, C, group B (B1, B2, PP). Eating at bed rest every 2-3 hours in liquid and semi-liquid form, warm form. In case of poor milk tolerance (swelling of the abdomen, diarrhea), it is recommended to give it in small quantities, diluted with weak tea.
Table N 1b. Indicated in the subsidence of exacerbation of peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis with high acidity
Compound: in addition to the dishes listed above, it is allowed to steam meat, fish dishes in the form of quenelles, steam cutlets, pureed milk soups from rice, barley, pearl barley with pureed vegetables; grated porridge in milk; wheat crackers up to 100 g. Salt is limited to 8 g, in addition - vitamins A, C, group B. Six meals in a semi-liquid and puree form.
Table number 2
Table N 2. It is indicated for chronic gastritis with low acidity or in its absence, chronic colitis (without exacerbation).
Compound: soups from cereals and vegetable, pureed, on meat, mushroom, fish broths; low-fat meat (chopped, fried), boiled chicken, steam, stewed, fried cutlets without a coarse crust, low-fat ham, low-fat boiled fish, well-soaked low-fat chopped herring, black caviar; milk (if it does not cause diarrhea), butter, kefir, yogurt, cream, non-acidic sour cream, fresh non-acidic cottage cheese, mild mashed cheese; soft-boiled eggs, fried scrambled eggs; cereals, well boiled or mashed (buckwheat, semolina, rice); flour dishes, (except for muffins), stale white, gray bread, lean crackers; vegetables, boiled fruits, raw grated; fruit, vegetable juices (also acidic); tea, coffee, cocoa on the water with milk, marmalade, sugar. Table salt up to 12-15 g. Vitamins C, B1, B2, PP are added. Meals five times a day, mostly in puree form.
Table #3
Table N 3. Shown for atonic constipation.
Compound: foods rich in vegetable fiber, such as raw or boiled vegetables and fruits in large quantities, apple compotes and others, prunes, figs (vine berries), vegetable, fruit juices, beetroot, carrot puree, boiled dried fruit puree (prunes, dried apricots), black bread, curdled milk, milk, cream, one-day kefir, honey, buckwheat, pearl barley porridge, meat, fried fish, butter and vegetable oil, sugar. Plentiful drink, including carbonated mineral water. Excluded: strong tea, cocoa, mucous soups, kissels.
With spastic constipation associated with increased motor excitability of the intestine, foods rich in vegetable fiber are sharply limited (a few vegetables are acceptable - boiled and raw pureed).
Table number 4
Table N 4. It is indicated for acute bowel diseases and exacerbations during the period of ongoing diarrhea.
Compound: strong tea, cocoa, strong coffee on the water, stale white crackers, fresh mashed cottage cheese, one soft-boiled egg a day, slimy soups on the water, mashed rice, semolina porridge on the water, meat, boiled fish, steam in minced form with minced meat rice instead of bread, low-fat three-day yogurt, a decoction of dried blackcurrant, blueberries, jelly, blueberry jelly. Limit salt, add vitamins C, B1, B2, PP. Meals 5-6 times a day.
Table N 4a. It is indicated for colitis with a predominance of fermentation processes.
The composition is the same as in the N4 diet, but foods and dishes containing large amounts of carbohydrates are sharply limited (cereals; bread no more than 100 g per day; sugar no more than 20 g per day); increase the protein content due to meat dishes, mashed cottage cheese, etc.
Table N 4b. It is indicated for chronic colitis in the stage of fading exacerbation.
Compound: white bread, yesterday's baking, lean cookies, dry biscuit; cereal soups in a weak fish or meat broth, broth with meatballs, pureed cereals, except for millet, in water with the addition of 1/3 of milk, boiled and steamed pureed vegetables, mild cheese, non-acidic sour cream, kefir, yogurt, compotes, sweet berry kissels , mashed fruit, tea, coffee with milk, creamy milk (for adding to ready meals). Table salt 8-10 g. Add vitamins C, group B. Nutrition 4-6 times a day. Food is served warm.
Table N 4v. It is indicated for acute bowel diseases during the recovery period as a transition to rational nutrition; chronic bowel disease during the period of attenuation of exacerbation, as well as without exacerbation with concomitant lesions of other digestive organs.
by EppInk"> DIET is prescribed to provide adequate nutrition with some insufficiency of intestinal function, which will help restore the activity of other digestive organs. This is a physiologically complete diet with a slight increase in protein content and a moderate restriction of salt, mechanical and chemical irritants of the intestine, excluding foods and dishes , which increase fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines, sharply increase its secretory and motor functions, secretion of the stomach, pancreas, bile secretion.Food is cooked unground, steamed, boiled in water or baked.Diet: 5 times a day.
Chemical composition and energy value:
proteins - 100-120 g (60% animals),
fats - 100 g (15-20% vegetable),
carbohydrates - 400-420 g,
table salt - 10 g,
free liquid - 1.5 l.
Caloric content - 2900-3000 kcal.
Table number 5
Table N 5. Indicated for diseases of the liver, gallbladder, biliary tract without exacerbation.
Compound: vegetarian fruit, milk soups, cereal soups with vegetable broth, boiled meat, low-fat poultry, boiled low-fat fish, milk, fresh curdled milk, kefir, acidophilus milk, cottage cheese up to 200 g per day, cereals and flour dishes (except for muffins), white bread, black stale bread, ripe fruits, berries (except for sour varieties) raw, baked, boiled, boiled and raw vegetables and herbs (especially carrots, beets), jam, honey, sugar (up to 70 g per day) , vegetable, fruit juices in a significant amount, weak tea with milk. Limit fats (cream, butter up to 10 g, vegetable oil 20-30 g), an egg (one per day). Table salt up to 10 g. Add vitamins A, C, B1, B2, B12, folic acid, PP, K.
Eating 5 times a day in crushed form.
Excluded: alcoholic beverages, liver, brains, lard, legumes, mushrooms, spinach, sorrel, onions, muffins, fatty meats, fish, fried, spicy, smoked products, extractives of meat, fish, spices, vinegar, canned food, ice cream, cocoa, carbonated drinks, chocolate, creams (for chronic gallbladder lesions that occur with bile stasis, it is recommended to increase the amount of fat to 120-150 g, including 60% vegetable fats).
Table N 5a. Indicated in chronic pancreatitis.
It differs from the N5 diet in an increased content of proteins (up to 150 g, of which 80-85% of animal origin), products rich in lipotropic factors with a moderate carbohydrate content. All dishes are cooked in steam, pureed, chopped form.
Table number 6
Table N 6. It is indicated for gout, nephrolithiasis with the discharge of stones, consisting mainly of urates.
Compound: milk, dairy products, white and black bread, sugar, honey, vegetarian vegetable soups, dairy and fruit cereals, all sweet fruits, jam, fruit and berry juices, carrots, lettuce, cucumbers. From seasonings - lemon, vinegar, bay leaf. Eggs, meat, lean fish - 2-3 times a week. The amount of table salt is reduced to 6-8 g; introduce a large amount of liquid (up to 2-3 liters), add vitamins C and B1.
Excluded: spicy extractives, meat soups and decoctions, liver, kidneys, brains, fried, smoked meat, fried fish, fish soup, bacon, herring, sardines, anchovies, sprats, sprats, pates, mushrooms, legumes, sorrel, spinach, coffee, cocoa, chocolate, alcoholic drinks.
Table number 7
Table N 7. Indicated for chronic kidney disease with no symptoms of chronic renal failure.
Compound: soups vegetarian, dairy, fruit, low-fat meats, poultry, boiled in pieces, chopped and mashed, lean fish boiled, chopped and mashed, white, gray, bran bread, baked without salt, one egg a day, cereals, pasta in the form of cereals , puddings, flour dishes, milk, lactic acid products, fats, except for refractory ones (mutton, pork, beef), cottage cheese, raw, boiled vegetables, greens (except for radish, celery, spinach), berries, fruits, especially apricots, dried apricots, pumpkin , watermelons, melon, sugar, honey, jam.
Limit cream, sour cream. To improve the taste, you can use cumin, dried dill, cinnamon, citric acid. Table salt 3-5 g (given out on hand, and food is cooked without salt). Vitamins A, C, B1, B12, K are added. Free liquid up to 800-1000 ml per day. Meals 6 times a day. Excluded: carbonated drinks, legumes, cakes and creams, meat, fish, mushroom broths, pickles, snacks, smoked meats, canned food.
Table N 7a. It is indicated for acute renal diseases (acute nephritis or its exacerbations).
Compound: mostly boiled, mashed vegetables, fruits, especially rich in potassium salts (dried apricots, apricots, raisins), cereals and flour dishes in moderation (buckwheat porridge with milk), tea with milk, salt-free white bread, sugar up to 70 g, butter creamy up to 30 g. Add vitamins C, K, group B. Fractional nutrition. Liquids up to 600-800 ml; table salt is completely excluded.
With developing uremia, the daily amount of proteins is reduced to 20-25 g (first of all, the content of vegetable proteins should be reduced - legumes, cereals, flour products, like bread, etc., since they are inferior in biological value to animal proteins and only overload the body with harmful products protein metabolism; prescribe large amounts of glucose or sugar (up to 150 g per day).
Table N 7b. It is indicated for the subsidence of an acute inflammatory process in the kidneys.
It is transitional from table N7a to table N7 (salt-free white bread, lean meats, boiled fish 1-3 times a week, table salt up to 2 g per hand, liquids up to 800-1000 ml; in products used for cooking contains 2-4 g of salt).
Table number 8
Table N 8. Obesity as a main disease or concomitant with other diseases that do not require special diets.
General characteristics:- a decrease in the energy value of the diet due to carbohydrates, especially easily digestible, partially fats, with a normal protein content, - restriction of free fluid, sodium chloride and appetite-stimulating foods and dishes.
(daily diet):
- proteins - 90-110 g
- fats - 80 g
- carbohydrates - 150 g
- energy value - 1700-1800 kcal
rye, protein-wheat and protein-bran bread (100-150 g per day);
vegetable soups with a small addition of cereals, cabbage soup, borscht, okroshka, beetroot;
2-3 times a week soups on a weak meat or fish broth with meatballs (up to 250-300g per meal);
lean meats, poultry, fish - boiled, baked or stewed, beef sausages or jelly;
seafood (pasta<Океан>, mussels, shrimp, etc.) - up to 150-200 g per day;
milk and dairy products, cottage cheese, cheese - low-fat types and varieties.
Vegetables and fruits are used widely, in all forms, some of them must be raw.
products made from wheat flour of the highest and 1st grade, pastry;
potato, cereal, bean, pasta soups;
fatty meats, poultry, fish;
sausages, smoked products, canned meat and fish;
fatty cottage cheese, cheeses, cream, rice, semolina and oatmeal, pasta, legumes, sweet varieties of fruits and berries;
sugar, confectionery, jam, honey, sweet juices, cocoa;
meat and cooking fats;
fatty and spicy snacks, sauces, mayonnaise, all spices and spices.
Table number 9
Table N 9. by EppInk "> DIABETES of moderate and mild severity.
General characteristics: - by EppInk"> DIET with energy value, moderately reduced due to easily digestible carbohydrates and animal fats, with the exclusion of sugar and sweets and the use of sorbitol and xylitol.
Chemical composition and energy value(daily diet):
- proteins - 90-100 g
- fats - 75-80 g (30% vegetable)
- carbohydrates - 300-350 g (polysaccharides)
- energy value - 2300-2500 kcal
Recommended foods and dishes:
rye, wheat, protein-bran bread, non-butter flour products;
any vegetable soups, low-fat meat and fish broths;
lean meats, poultry and fish;
milk, dairy products, low-fat cottage cheese and cheeses;
cereals, buckwheat, barley, millet, oatmeal, barley; legumes, potatoes and vegetables;
fresh fruits and berries of sweet and sour varieties
Excluded foods and dishes:
pastry products;
strong and fatty broths;
lean meats, fish, poultry, sausages, salted fish;
salted cheeses, cream, sweet cottage cheese curds;
rice, semolina, pasta;
salted and pickled vegetables;
grapes, raisins, sugar, jam, sweets, sweet juices, sugar-based lemonades;
meat and cooking fats
Table number 10
Table N 10. Diseases of the cardiovascular system with circulatory failure degree I-IIA.
General characteristics:- a slight decrease in energy value due to fats and carbohydrates, restriction of chloride and substances that excite the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
Chemical composition and energy value(daily diet):
- proteins - 90 g (55-60% animals)
- fats - 70 g (25-30% vegetable)
- carbohydrates - 350-400 g
- energy value 2500-2600 kcal
Recommended foods and dishes:
bread from yesterday's baking, not rich cookies and biscuit;
any vegetarian soups;
lean meats, fish, poultry;
milk, sour-milk drinks and cottage cheese;
dishes from various cereals; boiled pasta;
boiled and baked vegetables;
soft ripe fruits and berries, honey, jam.
Excluded foods and dishes:
fresh bread, pastry products;
legume soups, meat, fish and mushroom broths;
fatty meats, fish, poultry;
kidneys, smoked meats, sausages;
salted fish, salty and fatty cheeses;
legumes;
salted, pickled and pickled vegetables; fruits with coarse fiber;
chocolate, strong tea, coffee and cocoa.
Table number 11
Table N 11. Tuberculosis of the lungs, bones, lymph nodes, joints with a mild exacerbation or attenuation, exhaustion after infectious diseases, operations, injuries.
General characteristics:
- by EppInk">DIET of increased energy value with a predominant increase in proteins, especially dairy, vitamins and minerals
Chemical composition and energy value(daily diet):
- proteins - 110-130 g (60% animals)
- fats - 100-120 g
- carbohydrates - 400-450 g
- energy value - 3000-3400 kcal
Recommended and excluded foods and dishes:
almost any food products and dishes are used, with the exception of very fatty meats and poultry, lamb, beef and cooking fats, as well as cakes and pastries with a lot of cream
Table number 12
Table N 12. Indicated for functional diseases of the nervous system.
The table is varied; spicy seasonings, strong rich soups, smoked meats, fatty, fried foods, especially meat ones that stimulate the nervous system, alcohol, strong tea, coffee are excluded, meat and salt are somewhat limited. Recommended dishes from the liver, tongue, dairy products and legumes containing phosphorus salts.
Table number 13
Table N 13. Indicated for acute infectious diseases.
General characteristics:- by EppInk">DIET with energy value reduced to a large extent due to fats and carbohydrates, with a high content of vitamins
Chemical composition and energy value(daily diet): - proteins - 75-80 g (60-70% animals) - fats - 60-70 g - carbohydrates - 300-350 g - energy value - 2200-2300 kcal
Recommended foods and dishes:
dried wheat bread;
fat-free meat and fish broths, soups on vegetable broth, mucous broths from cereals;
lean meats, poultry, fish;
lactic acid drinks, cottage cheese;
mashed rice porridge, semolina and buckwheat;
potatoes, carrots, beets, cauliflower, ripe tomatoes;
ripe soft fruits and berries, rosehip broth; sugar, honey, jam, jam, marmalade.
Excluded foods and dishes:
rye and any fresh bread, muffin;
fatty broths, cabbage soup, borscht;
fatty meats, poultry, fish, sausage, smoked meats, salted fish, canned food;
whole milk and cream, fat sour cream, cheeses;
millet, barley and barley groats, pasta;
white cabbage, radish, radish, onion, garlic, cucumbers, legumes;
fruits rich in fiber;
chocolate, cakes, cocoa.
Table number 14
Table N 14. Urolithiasis (phosphaturia).
General characteristics:- physiologically complete nutrition with restriction of alkalizing and calcium-rich foods
Chemical composition and energy value(daily diet): - proteins - 90 g - fats - 100 g - carbohydrates - 400 g - energy value - 2800 kcal
Recommended foods and dishes:
various types of bread and flour products;
soups and broths (meat, fish, cereals);
meat and fish;
any cereals;
green peas, pumpkin;
mushrooms;
sour varieties of apples and berries
sugar, honey, confectionery
Excluded foods and dishes:
dairy, vegetable, fruit soups;
smoked meats, salted fish;
dairy;
potatoes, vegetables and fruits, other than those mentioned above, fruit, berry and vegetable juices;
meat and cooking fats.
Table number 15
Table N 15. Various diseases that do not require special therapeutic diets.
General characteristics:
- physiologically complete nutrition with the exception of indigestible and spicy foods.
Chemical composition and energy value(daily diet):
- proteins - 90-95 g
- fats - 100-105 g
- carbohydrates - 400 g
- energy value - 2800-2900 kcal
Entire treatises have been written about the fundamental difference in the perception of the same things by men and women. However, the difference in diets has hitherto been practically not discussed. But in vain, because representatives of both sexes are distinguished not only by primary and secondary sexual characteristics, but also by the hormonal system and genetics. As a result, women suffer from some diseases, and men - others.
Food for men
Scientists have conducted more than a dozen studies in the field of male nutrition. As a result, they were able to establish that a competent approach to the choice of products allows men after 30 years to maintain good health, good spirits and strength. And also protect yourself from some of the diseases that they are most often exposed to. Among them: prostate cancer, hypertension, heart attacks and diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Food for muscle gain
A beautiful, muscular body is the dream of many people. They spend days on end in gyms and fitness centers, constantly working on themselves and trying to finally make all their dreams come true. However, as paradoxical as it sounds, a miracle does not happen. Muscle mass not only does not increase, but also decreases. The reasons for such phenomena, which most often lie in an improperly selected diet, are described in their publications by scientists, nutritionists and trainers of world renown.
food for growth
The problem of small stature makes life difficult for many people. Proof of this is not only the reports of psychologists, but also hundreds of new questions to specialists left on forums and websites on medicine and sports. People of all ages are interested in whether it is possible to “deceive” nature and increase their actual height by at least a couple of centimeters.
Energy products
Do you experience an irresistible feeling of fatigue, drowsiness and loss of energy by lunchtime or even worse - immediately after waking up? You clearly lack energy. In order to get it, it is not at all necessary to drink a certain cup of coffee or resort to the help of energy drinks. It is much wiser to review your diet and remove from it foods that steal vitality and vigor, and add those that give them.
Food to improve metabolism
Many of us first encounter the concept of metabolism only when they have an urgent need to quickly and easily lose weight. Certainly, this makes sense. But, did you know that not only the rate of weight loss depends on metabolism, but also the quality of our life.
Food to lower cholesterol
Fashion for a healthy lifestyle is growing steadily every year. Increasingly, people are thinking about the benefits of regular physical activity and the quality of their diet. An integral part of it is the consumption of special foods that can normalize blood cholesterol levels.
Antibiotic food
The history of antibiotics dates back to the 1920s, when penicillin was first discovered by Alexander Fleming. It was with his appearance that for some reason they forgot about natural antibiotics. And they began to remember literally a few decades ago, only when the public began to vigorously discuss the harmful effects of such medicines on the human body. And look for ways to replace them. As it turns out, they don't have to go far.
Food to quench your thirst
Every person experiences the strongest feeling of thirst at some point. It can appear not only in summer, but also in winter, especially if it is preceded by intense physical activity. As a rule, in order to get rid of it, it is enough to drink a glass of water. It will allow you to replenish the lost fluid in the body, the lack of which causes similar sensations. But what if it is not at hand?
food for headaches
What is a aching or throbbing headache, perhaps, every person knows. According to recently published statistics, about 70 million people suffer from chronic headache. At the same time, some try to get rid of it with the help of medicines, others just survive, and still others try to find the right ways to prevent it and alleviate it in everyday life, for example, with the help of ordinary foods.
food for the voice
Do you know that a beautiful voice given to you by nature requires care and attention? And they are not only in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the throat and vocal cords, but also in ensuring proper nutrition, especially if you are singing or often proclaim speeches in front of a huge audience. Well-known physiologists and nutritionists write about how it should be.
Food to calm the nerves
The state of the nervous system is directly affected by substances that enter the human body along with food. After carefully studying them, scientists presented a list of vitamins, trace elements and organic compounds, the use of which will calm the nervous system in the safest and most natural way.
Food for PMS
Russian sociologists claim that almost 90% of women aged 13 to 50 encounter the concept of PMS in one way or another. At the same time, 10% of them have especially pronounced symptoms. But, the most surprising thing is that most of them do not fight this condition in any way, mistakenly considering it to be natural. But doctors say that many of the symptoms of PMS can be easily eliminated by simply adjusting your diet.
food for conception
Children are flowers of life. This is our joy and weakness. We love them immensely and dream of them endlessly. But we can't always conceive. The most interesting thing is that the reasons for this often lie not so much in the health problems that women or men have, but in their diet. Moreover, in this case, to fulfill the cherished dream, you need very little: remove some products from it, replacing them with others.
Food during pregnancy
The health of the unborn child directly depends on the quality and quantity eaten during pregnancy. With this in mind, many expectant mothers are trying to make drastic changes in their lifestyle and nutrition. And everything would be fine, only in the pursuit of perfection they often go to extremes. Leading pediatricians and nutritionists tell in their publications about how to avoid fatal mistakes, maintain excellent health and make an invaluable contribution to the health of the baby simply by adjusting your diet.
Food for nursing mothers
It's no secret that everything eaten by a nursing mother enters the child's body. He can react violently to some products, for example, with a rash or intestinal colic, and neutrally to others. But all of them, one way or another, affect its growth and development. That is why many pediatricians advise to review your diet during the feeding period, especially if it was far from correct before. And remove harmful or low-quality products from it, replacing them with useful and safe ones.
Food for children
They say parenting is the hardest job in the world. And it's hard to disagree with that. After all, a number of problems suddenly fall on their shoulders, each of which seems worse than the previous ones. The success of their solution often depends on the experience and knowledge in the field of medicine, nutrition, pedagogy, ethics and other sciences, and the result directly affects the future of the baby. In order to somehow facilitate this hard work, we have collected the recommendations of well-known practitioners in baby nutrition.
Food during puberty
Both adolescents and their parents are interested in nutrition during puberty. Most often this is explained by the desire of the former to get rid of the problems with the figure that may arise during this period, and the desire of the latter to sincerely help their children to survive it painlessly.
Food to improve memory
Absolutely everyone knows that human memory, no matter how wonderful it is, deteriorates over time. And absolutely everyone also knows that this happens for various reasons, most often physiological. However, not everyone is ready to put up with this state of affairs. This article is a kind of review of the most effective, from the point of view of the world's leading nutritionists and physiologists, ways to improve memory.
Diuretics (diuretics)
A good diuretic can not only save you from edema, but also reduce pressure and get rid of excess weight without harming the body. And you don't have to go far for it. The most effective and widely demanded diuretic products are most often already waiting in the wings in our kitchen. It's just that not everyone knows about them.
colon cleansing food
They say that a clean intestine is the key to strong immunity. And also a guarantee of health, excellent health, youth, beauty and good mood! That is why scientists have devoted more than one scientific publication to the methods of its purification, describing the causes and consequences of such a phenomenon. Meanwhile, nutritionists assure that, in fact, you can perform colon cleansing on your own. All you need to do is introduce the right foods into your diet.
It is possible to increase efficiency, improve memory and concentration, as well as become more quick-witted and attentive even during periods of great mental stress. To do this, it is enough to introduce into your diet a complex of special products that are responsible for the functioning of the brain. Interestingly, they will also help improve sleep, get rid of irritability, stress and significantly improve the quality of your life.
It's hard to believe, but heavy physical activity is not a reason to abandon the good old fats and carbohydrates in favor of protein foods. On the contrary, this is a reason to seriously reconsider your diet, diversifying it as much as possible. And add healthy and healthy foods to it. Those that will not only be able to give strength and energy, but will also allow you to do more and, as a result, reach sports heights faster.
Food to improve vision
Recently, ophthalmologists around the world have been sounding the alarm: more and more people of all ages are facing problems with visual impairment. Moreover, eye diseases are “getting younger”, affecting even small citizens. The question arises - can nutrition affect eye health and improve it?
food to boost immunity
For our immunity, winter is a difficult test of reliability. After all, the lack of sun, a sharp cold snap, overdrying of the air inside heated rooms create favorable conditions for the growth of viruses and bacteria that cause seasonal diseases. They endlessly "attack" our body and weaken the immune system. As a result, at some point she can’t cope and the person gets sick. But this could have been avoided by simply adding special foods to your diet.
Food for weight loss
Some are sure that weight loss is impossible without a strict diet. Others are convinced that only a small restriction in food is enough to achieve the desired results and forms. However, our article is written specifically for the third. Those who do not accept any infringement of their own rights and freedoms, and, even more so, no prohibitions in nutrition, but at the same time always want to remain the most slender, fittest and most attractive.
food for weight gain
At a time when the majority of the world's population is looking for effective ways to deal with excess weight, there are still people who dream of gaining it. And there may be several reasons for this. For example, the excessive thinness of women, which prevents them from getting pregnant, or the too small weight of men, which they want to increase in order to become more stately and beautiful. And sometimes banal diseases, which are frequent companions of an exhausted and weakened body.
Aphrodisiac products for women
The existence of special foods that can make the sexual life of both sexes brighter and richer has been known since time immemorial. This knowledge was carefully preserved and passed down from generation to generation. Despite the fact that earlier they were available only to a few - the nobility and priests, in our time, almost everyone can get acquainted with their list.
Aphrodisiac products for men
Scientists say that almost all men aged 16 to 60 are prone to problems with libido. This can be facilitated by a number of factors, including diseases and the negative impact of the environment. However, in any case, do not despair. All you need to do is change your diet. Perhaps the body does not receive the necessary substances that maintain libido at the proper level.
Food that lowers blood pressure
The key role of products is to ensure the entry into the body of such substances that would help it function properly, including reducing pressure, if necessary, or, conversely, increasing it. Recently, many scientists have been developing a special menu for hypertensive patients.