The largest fruits in the world. The largest fruit in the world. If a large fetus during pregnancy: what to do

Which plant produces the largest fruits?

What plant do you ask? the biggest fruit, and you probably think that you will be called some giant tree from a distant, unknown country.

The plant that bears the greatest fruit indeed, it comes from tropical America, but it is not a tree at all and you do not need to go to America to see its fruits, because it is a pumpkin that has been cultivated in Europe for a long time.

This is a very "gluttonous" plant, requiring a lot of food, heat and moisture during its development, but care and care For many centuries, people have been working on modifying plants and adapting them to their needs. Large, juicy pears, magnificent apples and other fruits of our gardens do not look like their "ancestors" - forest pears or sour apples, just like our pumpkin does not look like wild American.

Maybe, Do you want to know which seed is the largest in the world? This is not so easy to see, because we are talking about with fan-shaped leaves, growing only in the Seychelles. Its fruit is stone fruit, surrounded not by pulp, but by fibrous mass, and its diameter is up to 50 centimeters. Only one bone has a diameter of 35 centimeters, and it weighs several kilograms.

In very ancient times, when the Seychelles were not yet known to the inhabitants of the continents, the sea current carried these fruits to the Indian Ocean to India, where they were looked at as a wonderful "gift of the sea", attributed to them mysterious powers and highly valued. The bones of this fruit, cut in half and hollowed out in shells, were set in silver and made from them goblets for the Maharajas. Due to its high cost, this interesting little thing rarely found its way to Europe. From the moment botanists established what kind of fruit it was and where it came from, its fabulous fame ended, and it fell heavily in price. If you are interested

The fruit of the jackfruit tree

The largest fruit in the world is the fruit of the jackfruit tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus). This is an evergreen plant, up to 20 m high, with edible fruits. Jackfruit leaves are dark green in color, rather dense, oval-shaped, about 20 cm long. There are many leaves on the tree, but the branches themselves are fragile, so the fruits are located closer to the base of the trunk and ripen from 3 to 8 months.

How to understand that the fetus is immature?

The jackfruit bears female and male flowers, which are pollinated by wind and insects. The name jackfruit (Jackfruit) comes from a Portuguese word distorted in one of the dialects of southern India (where this tree comes from), meaning "big and round".

Jackfruit fruits are the largest in the world, as they can reach almost a meter in length and weigh up to 25 kilograms or more. The fruit is covered with a thick, hard, bumpy skin. It is possible to understand that the fruit is immature by the green color of the peel and a dull sound when tapped. When the fruit ripens, it becomes a golden color with a green tint or a brownish-yellow color. At the same time, if you knock on it, a hollow sound will be heard.

When cut, the fruit is easily divided into pieces. The juicy pulp is rich yellow with a pleasant aroma of pineapple and banana, but the oblong brown bones in each slice and the peel unpleasantly smell like rotten onions. One jackfruit fruit can contain up to 500 seeds, while each seed is 2-4 cm long.

Jackfruit pulp

The pulp of the fruit is very sticky and fibrous, so it is better to remove the peel and seeds with rubber gloves, after lubricating your hands with oil. When the fruit is overripe, it becomes coffee-colored, and can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 2 months. Ripe pulp is used fresh, unripe - pre-cooked. Jackfruit is also mixed with other fruits, added to ice cream or coconut milk. The seeds are edible when boiled or roasted like chestnuts.

homeland of jackfruit

India is considered the birthplace of jackfruit, where the fruit is very popular, as it has great nutritional value and contains about 40% carbohydrates, 7% proteins and 0.6% fats. Jackfruit has another name - "bread for the poor", because of its nutritional value (contains 40% starch) and cheapness.

One of the heaviest fruits was grown by George and Margaret Schatauer from the islands of Hawaii, USA. This fruit weighed 34.4 kg, its length was 57.46 cm, and in girth it was 121.28 cm.

100 Great Wildlife Records Nepomniachtchi Nikolay Nikolayevich

THE BIGGEST FRUIT IN THE WORLD IS THE PUMPKIN

From time to time, new records are set in the world for growing the largest pumpkin. Recently, another record holder was grown in the USA. The giant vegetable weighed 558 kg. To bring a pumpkin to an agricultural festival in California, its owner, 55-year-old farmer Joel Holland, needed a small truck and a whole mountain of towels with which he covered the giant from the scorching sun.

It is known that all the most valuable, than the plant is rich, is contained in its very heart - the seed. Pumpkins are no exception. Their seeds give life not only to the largest fruits in the world, but also have the ability to "purify the body and endure disease." Experts call pumpkin seeds a “miniature pharmacy”, because they contain almost the entire table of vitamins and microelements and accumulate life-giving solar energy.

Pumpkin seeds also gained special fame thanks to zinc. Pumpkin seeds (especially the skins) contain almost as much zinc as oysters (oysters are the richest source of natural zinc). The role of zinc in the life of the body is simply invaluable. With a deficiency of this mineral, new cells, including immune ones, are simply not formed in the body, and damaged ones are not repaired. With a lack of zinc, adults age faster, and children and adolescents develop worse.

Zinc is the main mineral of male health and male power. Men need it 6-8 times more than women. Zinc affects the activity of the sex glands and the prostate gland, normalizes the secretion of testosterone and is used to prevent and treat male infertility.

Recently, scientists have made a discovery: zinc is a real sobriety mineral! If the body has enough zinc, then the threat of developing alcoholism is reduced.

Zinc helps the pancreas produce insulin and is able to balance blood sugar.

Excess weight is also associated with a lack of zinc: with its deficiency, glucose is not converted into energy, but into unaesthetic folds on the sides.

With zinc deficiency, there is a violation and suppression of almost all parts of the immune system. Along with B vitamins, it is an important regulator of functions nervous system. Zinc deficiency often leads to delayed development and puberty in children, education acne in adolescents, increased cholesterol levels.

Pumpkin seeds are also one of the most effective and safest anthelmintics, primarily against tape (flat) and round worms. Helminths “do not like” pumpkin seeds because of the presence of cucurbitin in them, an amino acid that is quite rare in nature. It is very valuable that cucurbitin is an enemy only of uninvited "guests": for a person it is absolutely harmless. In terms of the effect on worms, pumpkin seeds are second only to preparations of the male fern, but at the same time they do not have a fern characteristic side effects(do not irritate the intestines, do not cause intoxication). Therefore, pumpkin seeds are actively used to treat children, pregnant women and the elderly.

From the seeds of special varieties of pumpkins with a high content of valuable substances, the "Product from pumpkin seeds SUNNY BERRY" was created. It completely preserves the "primordial" composition of pumpkin seeds and the healing properties inherent in these amazing sunny fruits.

"PUMPKIN CAPITAL"

Every year in October in the city of Windsor (Nova Scotia, Canada), a fun event takes place as part of the annual Pumpkin Festival - "Pumpkin Regatta". Windsor is the center of West Hampshire's farming communities, so it's no surprise that the city was one day declared the Pumpkin Capital of the World.

Windsor owes such a high-profile title to one of its farmers, Howard Dill, who has been growing huge pumpkins for about two decades (the fruits of his labors fell into the Guinness Book of Records four times as the largest pumpkins in the world). He brought out a variety of pumpkin - a giant Atlantic. And his "Dill Family Farm" has become one of the attractions of Windsor. So it is Dill who is considered the culprit of the fact that the epidemic of pumpkin gigantomania has swept almost the entire world. An international organization, the Giant Pumpkin Fellowship, was even created, which annually holds a competition for the largest pumpkin in 20 cities in North America.

In 1999, Howard Dill's son, Danny, suggested the inclusion of pumpkin races across Lake Pisacquid in the Festival's program. This is how the Annual Pumpkin Regatta was born. The regatta includes competitions for pumpkins of 2 classes: motorized and experimental pumpkins, as well as rowing pumpkins. And in 2001, two events that made Windsor famous (which the press began to call "a small city of big undertakings"), merged into one big "pumpkin" festival.

The rounded fruit of the jackfruit, which is the world's largest fruit growing on a tree, can reach almost a meter in length and weigh 35 kg.

Outside, the fruit is green, turning yellow when ripe. Inside, it consists of large edible yellow lobules of banana-like pulp, which contain smooth, oval, light brown seeds. In one fruit there can be from 100 to 500 pieces. The seeds are 2 to 2.5–4 cm long and 1.25 to 2 cm thick, white and rather brittle. Their germination lasts no more than 3-4 days.

In India, jackfruit is called bread for the poor. By the way, jackfruits can be perfectly grown in non-tropical conditions, in a greenhouse. The unripe fruit is cooked like a vegetable, while the ripe fruit is eaten raw. Its taste is similar to melon, mango and papaya (others say something like a mixture of pineapple, pear and artichoke). Its juice is very sweet, yellow, brownish or pink, depending on the maturity of the fruit. A fully ripe fruit smells like rotten onions on the outside, the flesh of a cut fruit smells like banana and pineapple.

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It is Jackfruit that is rightfully considered the largest fruit that exists in our world. It is a plant that stays constantly green and bears huge fruits that can be eaten. The leaves of the tree are rounded and dark green in color. Despite the fact that there are a lot of branches and leaves on the tree, the fruits grow on the trunk itself. After all, they are very large, and thin branches simply cannot withstand them. The fruit can ripen for three to eight months.

It is worth noting that in this form there are both female and male plants. Due to this, pollination of flowers occurs constantly. Pollination of flowers occurs with the help of the wind, or various insects that do not mind feasting on delicious pollen. This name, translated from the Portuguese dialect, means big and round.

Fruit sizes

This fruit is rightfully considered the largest in the world, because its one ripe fruit can reach an impressive size and weigh up to twenty-five kilograms. It is covered with a thick skin that resembles a melon, so it will be very easy to recognize it. After all, not every tree grows such huge melons. To identify an immature fruit, you need to look at its peel. If it has a greenish tint, and when tapped, the sound is dull, then you need to give the fruit a little time to ripen.

fruit pulp

If you cut the fruit, then it can be easily divided into separate pieces. Its flesh is very tasty and juicy. It tastes like a hybrid of banana and pineapple. But the peel of this huge fruit can emit a very unpleasant smell that resembles a rotten onion. Each seed that can be eaten is up to four centimeters in size. And given the fact that each fruit can contain up to five hundred seeds, the yield from one fruit is quite impressive.

The flesh of the jackfruit is very sticky, so it's best to use gloves to protect yourself from this nuisance. You can store this delicious treat in the refrigerator. At low temperature, it can keep its beneficial features for two months. It can be used in fruit salads, or with creamy ice cream. Due to the richness of taste sensations, this fruit goes well with any dishes. You can even roast individual seeds, as is done with chestnuts.

There is an opinion among our grandmothers and mothers that a child born with a large weight is a "hero", "strong man" and so on. In fact, this is not an indication good health. A large fetus during pregnancy is one of the pathologies that can lead to a number of complications for the health of a woman and a child, as well as problems during childbirth.

What is a large fruit?

In order to dispel the fear of expectant mothers and define the concept of this pathology, let us clarify that a large fetus (or macrosomia) is called which, in terms of indicators, differs from normal development. With macrosomia, the development of the fetus is ahead of the norms established for a specific period. At birth, children with this diagnosis will weigh more than four kilograms. In addition to weight, the height of the child also increases. Normal is 48-54 centimeters. Children with macrosomia are over 56 centimeters tall. Sometimes they are born even with a height of 70 centimeters.

If at birth the baby has a weight of five or more kilograms, then this is called a "giant fetus". The birth of a giant baby is a very rare occurrence that occurs once out of several thousand births.

A large fetus is accompanied by a number of risks that you need to know about and which can be prevented in time.

signs

Symptoms that a woman may suspect that she has a large fetus may appear in the middle of pregnancy. Abdominal circumference future mother increases markedly every day. It is worth noting that this may not always be a large child. An increase in the circumference of the abdomen can serve as polyhydramnios, which is also quite common.

During pregnancy, you need to clearly control your weight. That is the mark of a large child.

The rate of weight gain of a pregnant woman

In addition to your own weight, you should monitor the growth and weight gain of the baby. Modern ultrasound machines provide such information.

The rate of increase in height and weight of the child

The gynecologist can make the most accurate diagnosis only closer to the beginning of the third trimester. It is during this period that one can judge by the circumference of the abdomen: if the waist of the expectant mother already exceeds 100 centimeters, then the doctor assumes the presence of a large fetus. After that, the pregnant woman is sent for an ultrasound to rule out polyhydramnios. In addition, a few weeks before the preliminary date of birth, some more activities need to be carried out:

find out the weight of the child on ultrasound;
take a blood test for glucose tolerance and obligatory visit endocrinologist;
limit or cancel the intake of anabolics (drugs aimed at enhanced formation and renewal of new cells and tissues);
get rid of flour, sweets and other foods that have carbohydrates and fats;
study therapeutic gymnastics everyday.

Important advice for all expectant mothers! You should not start to panic and get upset if you find out from a big baby. It is important to properly analyze possible reasons large fetus during pregnancy. If the reason is nutrition - exhausting yourself with diets is very dangerous for the baby and for the mother. At the same time, excessive nervousness can lead to premature birth, which can also lead to a lot of consequences.

In addition, frequent nervous situations can affect the further psychological state of the child: he can be born very restless. In this situation, you need to trust the doctors and impeccably adhere to all recommendations.

Causes

You should immediately dispel the myth for people with a large physique. You can often hear that if the parents are not small, then why would a child be born a three-kilogram baby. In this case, heredity does not play any role. The general type of figure is passed on to the child much later. Therefore, if the doctor said on an ultrasound scan that a woman has a large fetus, this is not because of the full physique of her or the father of the child. A baby cannot inherit a dense constitution even in utero.

The causes of a large fetus during pregnancy can be several factors, knowing about which in advance, you can prevent the risk of falling into this category.

Wrong food

One of the main causes of a large fetus is precisely overeating during pregnancy. Increased appetite is quite normal. This is due to the fact that the child is growing and also requires food. In utero, the baby receives the necessary substances for growth from the mother's food.

Very often, pregnant women face the problem of constant hunger throughout the day. Trying to drown it out, the expectant mother constantly eats. This is what contributes to the weight gain of both the baby and the mother. As you know, after giving birth, it is very difficult for a mother to get rid of extra pounds.

Therefore, in order for the child not to rapidly gain weight, the expectant mother should follow a diet. And with a feeling of hunger that will occur between meals of the main meal, you should choose low-calorie snack foods. It can be vegetables, diet bread, yogurt, cottage cheese or fruits.

Medications

By virtue of individual features during pregnancy, some women are prescribed certain medications. If during pregnancy there are problems with the preservation of the child or with insufficient uteroplacental blood flow, special drugs are prescribed to preserve the pregnancy. It is these drugs that can cause a large fetus to develop. When using various drugs, a gynecologist observes the expectant mother, so any changes are recorded and canceled if they have a negative effect on the development of the child.

Number of births

If a woman does not have her first birth, then each subsequent child is born larger than the previous one. Although a large fetus during the first pregnancy also occurs.

Sedentary lifestyle

If a pregnant woman leads a sedentary lifestyle, this also causes excess weight both for her and for the child. Of course, expectant mothers need a lot of rest, but in moderation. There is fitness for pregnant women. This is great way lead a moderately active lifestyle, keep fit, while not harming the child.

Diabetes

In some cases, women develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy. It may be due to heredity. If someone in the family had diabetes, then this can be passed on to the expectant mother, since during the bearing of the child the body experiences severe hormonal disruptions.

Also, the reason for the development of diabetes can be frequent viral and autoimmune diseases of the expectant mother. They affect the pancreas, which is responsible for the production of insulin in the human body.

Another reason for the appearance of gestational diabetes may be the birth of a child in the past over 4.5 kilograms or stillbirth for unknown reasons.

Location of the placenta

If the placenta is attached to the posterior wall of the uterus, then the nutrients carried out more actively. Also, if it is thickened in its condition, it requires intensive intrauterine nutrition of the baby, which can cause a large fetus during pregnancy.

Postterm pregnancy

A post-term pregnancy is when a woman does not give birth within fourteen days after 40 weeks. It is during this period that the child is most actively gaining weight and increasing in height. In addition, at birth, the baby has dry skin, long fingernails and toenails, no primordial lubrication and already hardening skull bones.

Rhesus conflict

If the expectant mother has a negative blood Rh factor, and the child has a positive Rh factor, then there can be many consequences. One of them is fluid retention in the tissues of the fetus, which affects the weight of the baby.

The cause of the Rhesus conflict may be the inheritance of the father's blood type by the child. It can also occur if the expectant mother has gone through a procedure such as a blood transfusion.

Not in all cases big child can cause serious complications. But clearly the causes and consequences of a large fetus during pregnancy are accompanied by the peculiarities of bearing a child. The most severe complications that a woman may face will be in the last weeks of pregnancy: fainting, digestive problems and heavy breathing, constipation. The heavier the child, the more discomfort it provides to the mother. There may be pain in the ribs and lower back, as well as varicose veins and fainting in the supine position. In addition, the appearance of stretch marks on the skin of the abdomen, unfortunately, is almost inevitable.

Based on the causes and consequences of a large fetus in a pregnant woman, the question is raised about the method of delivery. If the expectant mother has a narrow pelvis, and the child is large, then natural childbirth is not recommended. With a large fetus, a caesarean section is the best choice.

If the baby has big sizes, then during natural childbirth, many consequences may appear: birth injuries in the child, fistulas and tears in the mother. If the fetus is only slightly higher than normal, then insist on caesarean section not worth it. Mom will be able to give birth on her own. Moreover, with a timely identified reason why the baby is ahead of development in utero, by the end of pregnancy, its growth can be corrected.

The most important thing for a future mother is her child. Therefore, she must be calm, reasonable, listen to doctors and undergo all necessary medical examinations. Then the baby will be healthy, and the mother will be happy.