Mefenamic acid: instructions for use and reviews
Latin name: mefenamic acid
ATX code: M01AG01
Active substance: mefenamic acid
Manufacturer: Flamingo Pharmaceuticals Ltd., India
Description and photo update: 13.08.2019
Mefenamic acid is a drug with analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Release form and composition
Mefenamic acid is produced in the form of tablets (in blister packs of 10 pieces, 1 or 2 packs in a carton box).
The composition of 1 tablet includes:
- Active substance: Mefenamic acid - 0.5 g;
- Auxiliary components: octadecanoic acid, potato starch, methylcellulose, sodium croscarmellose, magnesium stearate.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Mefenamic acid is a derivative of anthranilic acid and belongs to the group of antirheumatic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The drug is able to reduce the intensity of the body's production of specific inflammatory mediators - prostaglandins and serotonin. Mefenamic acid affects both the central mechanisms of increasing pain sensitivity and the processes occurring on the periphery, and also inhibits the activity of lysosome proteases.
Mefenamic acid helps stabilize cell membranes and protein ultrastructures, eliminates puffiness and reduces capillary permeability. The antipyretic effect of the active component of the drug is explained by its ability to influence the thermoregulation center located in the brain and suppress the production of inflammatory mediators.
Mefenamic acid is also characterized by a moderately pronounced antiviral effect due to stimulation of interferon synthesis and an increase in the concentration of T-lymphocytes and T-helpers.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral intake mefenamic acid, its maximum concentration in the blood is reached after about 3 hours. The content of the substance in the blood plasma directly depends on the dose taken (there is a linear relationship). Mefenamic acid is highly protein bound and metabolized in the liver. The half-life is 120-240 minutes, and the drug is excreted in the urine and faeces.
Indications for use
- Symptomatic therapy of pain syndrome;
- Influenza and acute respiratory infections viral infections(simultaneously with other drugs);
- Feverish conditions (as an antipyretic);
- Inflammatory disorders of the osteoarticular apparatus: rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis;
- Pain, inflammation and swelling that develop in the post-traumatic and postoperative periods;
- Blood loss in menorrhagia, which is caused by ovulatory dysfunctional bleeding in the absence of pathologies of the pelvic organs;
- Functional dysmenorrhea.
Contraindications
- Functional disorders of the kidneys and liver;
- Inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
- blood diseases;
- Age up to 5 years;
- Pregnancy and lactation ( breastfeeding);
- Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Instructions for use Mefenamic acid: method and dosage
Mefenamic acid is taken orally, after a meal.
A single dose is determined by age:
- Adults and children from 12 years old: 0.25-0.5 g (maximum daily dose - 3 g, with improvement, the dose is reduced to 1 g);
- Children 5-12 years old: 0.25 g.
The frequency of taking the drug - 3-4 times a day.
The doctor sets the duration of treatment individually (on average - 20-60 days). When conducting symptomatic therapy of pain syndrome, the drug is usually used for up to 7 days.
Side effects
Most often, during the use of Mefenamic acid, the occurrence of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, manifested as dyspepsia, gastrointestinal discomfort, pain in the epigastric region, diarrhea, and an increase in the level of liver enzymes, is noted. Taking the drug can lead to the development of stomach ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Also during therapy, the following side effects may occur:
- Cardiovascular system: increase blood pressure, rhythm disturbances, peripheral edema; rarely - congestive heart failure;
- Central nervous system: very rarely - irritability, sleep disturbance;
- Genitourinary system: nonspecific inflammation of the kidneys, functional disorders of the kidneys, dysuria, albuminuria, hematuria;
- Respiratory system: bronchospasm, dyspnea;
- Hematological effects: eosinophilia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenic purpura or thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia;
- Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin rash.
Overdose
Symptoms of an overdose of mefenamic acid include drowsiness, lowering blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, pain in the abdomen, depression of the respiratory center, convulsions, and coma.
The active ingredient of the drug does not have a specific antidote. When taking too high doses of mefenamic acid, it is recommended to wash the stomach and take enterosorbents. Urine acidification and forced diuresis are also indicated. The effectiveness of hemodialysis in this case remains insignificant.
special instructions
According to the instructions, Mefenamic acid should not be taken by patients with allergies to aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, severe heart failure, ulcers, intestinal perforation, severe cirrhosis of the liver, and also after heart surgery.
The drug should be taken with caution in elderly patients, as well as in epilepsy, dehydration, allergies, asthma, diabetes mellitus, circulatory disorders, the risk of stroke, angina pectoris, bleeding disorders, porphyria, decreased liver or kidney function. This group of patients may need to reduce the dose or change the treatment regimen.
To reduce irritation of the gastric mucosa, the drug is recommended to be taken with meals. Also, if necessary, it is possible to reduce the dose taken. With the development of skin rashes or diarrhea, the drug should be interrupted.
With prolonged treatment, blood counts and kidney and liver function should be monitored.
During the use of Mefenamic acid, it is not recommended to drive vehicles and perform work that requires high attention and quick psychomotor reactions.
Application in childhood
Children Mefenamic acid is not prescribed under the age of 5 years.
The maximum daily dose of mefenamic acid for children from 5 to 12 years old is 1 g. Usually prescribed 250 mg 3-4 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.
drug interaction
With the simultaneous use of Mefenamic acid with certain drugs, undesirable effects may occur:
- Opioid analgesics, dicoumarin, vitamins B6, B1, phenothiazine derivatives: increased effect of mefenamic acid;
- Anticoagulants, vitamin K antagonists: enhancing their effect;
- Methotrexate: strengthening its negative effects;
- Warfarin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: increased risk of gastrointestinal disorders;
- Antacids: increase the bioavailability of mefenamic acid, enhance its side effects.
Analogues
Mefenamic acid analogues are: Mefenamic acid-Darnitsa, Genospa.
Terms and conditions of storage
Keep out of the reach of children at temperatures up to 25 °C.
Name: MEPHENAMIC ACID-DARNITSA, Darnitsa
pharmacological properties. Mefenamic acid is an NSAID. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory action is due to the ability to inhibit the synthesis of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandins, serotonin, kinins, etc.), to reduce the activity of lysosomal enzymes involved in the inflammatory reaction. Mefenamic acid normalizes protein ultrastructures and cell membranes, reduces vascular permeability, disrupts the processes of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibits the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, inhibits cell proliferation in the focus of inflammation, increases cell resistance and stimulates wound healing. The antipyretic property is associated with the ability to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins and influence the center of thermoregulation.
Mefenamic acid stimulates the formation of interferon.
In the mechanism of analgesic action, along with the influence on the central mechanisms of pain sensitivity, a significant role is played by the local effect on the focus of inflammation and the ability to inhibit the formation of algogens (kinins, histamine, serotonin).
After oral administration, mefenamic acid is rapidly and fairly completely absorbed in the digestive tract. Cmax in blood plasma is observed 2-4 hours after administration, the level in the blood is proportional to the dose taken. The equilibrium concentration (20 mcg / ml) is determined on the 2nd day of use (1 g 4 times a day). It binds 90% to blood albumins. In the liver, it forms metabolites by oxidation, hydrolysis, and glucuronidation. T½ is 2-4 hours. It is excreted unchanged and in the form of metabolites mainly with urine (67% of the dosage) and feces (20-25%).
Composition and form of release
tab. 500 mg kont. cells. pack., No. 10, No. 20
No. UA/7015/01/01 from 10/19/2012 to 10/19/2017
Indications
SARS and influenza.
Pain of low and moderate intensity: muscular, articular, traumatic, dental, headache different etiology, postoperative and postpartum pain.
primary dysmenorrhea. Dysfunctional menorrhagia, including those caused by the use of intrauterine contraceptives - in the absence of pathology of the pelvic organs.
Inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system: rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, ankylosing spondylitis.
Application
used inside. Adults and children over the age of 12 are prescribed 250-500 mg 3-4 times a day. According to indications and with good tolerability of the drug, the daily dose is increased to a maximum of 3000 mg, after reaching a therapeutic effect, the dose is reduced to 1000 mg / day.
Children aged 5-12 years - 250 mg 3-4 times a day.
The drug should be taken after meals with milk. The course of treatment for diseases of the joints can last from 20 days to 2 months or more. With pain syndrome, the course of treatment is up to 7 days.
Contraindications
hypersensitivity to the components of the drug; stomach and duodenal ulcer; chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract; diseases of the kidneys and blood-forming organs; During pregnancy and breastfeeding; age up to 5 years.
Side effects
from the gastrointestinal tract: pain in the epigastric region, anorexia, heartburn, nausea, flatulence, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, dyspepsia, constipation, diarrhea, increased levels of liver enzymes in blood plasma.
From the side of the cardiovascular system: Hypertension, arrhythmia, in rare cases - congestive heart failure, peripheral edema, syncope.
From the respiratory system: dyspnea, bronchospasm.
From the urinary system: dysuria, cystitis, impaired renal function, albuminuria, hematuria, oliguria or polyuria.
From the blood system: anemia, prolonged bleeding time, eosinophilia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
From the side of the central nervous system: drowsiness or insomnia, weakness, irritability.
From the sense organs: ringing in the ears, blurred vision.
From the side of the skin: allergic reactions; skin rashes, itching, swelling of the face.
special instructions
the drug is prescribed with caution to patients with a history of allergic reactions to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs.
The drug is prescribed with caution to patients in the presence of acute heart failure, as well as with a history of gastric or duodenal ulcer disease.
Use during pregnancy or lactation. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the high probability of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus. If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.
The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles and working with other mechanisms. The drug can affect the rate of reactions when driving vehicles and working with mechanisms that require increased attention.
Children. The drug is contraindicated in children under the age of 5 years.
Interactions
opioid analgesics, antithrombotics, vitamin K antagonists, pyridoxine, thiamine, phenothiazine derivatives enhance the effects of mefenamic acid. With the combined use of mefenamic acid and methotrexate, the toxic effects of the latter are enhanced. When used simultaneously with warfarin, the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding increases.
With the combined use of mefenamic acid with antacids, the Cmax of mefenamic acid in blood plasma increases and AUC increases.
Simultaneous use with other NSAIDs increases the likelihood of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract.
Overdose
symptoms: pain in the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness. In severe cases - gastrointestinal bleeding, respiratory depression, hypertension, twitching of individual muscle groups, coma.
Treatment. There is no specific antidote. Gastric lavage activated carbon. Alkalinization of urine, forced diuresis. Symptomatic therapy. Hemosorption and hemodialysis are ineffective due to the strong binding of mefenamic acid to blood proteins.
Storage conditions
Mefenamic acid - NSAIDs. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory action is due to the ability to inhibit the synthesis of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandins, serotonin, kinins, etc.), reduce the activity of lysosomal enzymes involved in the inflammatory response. Mefenamic acid stabilizes protein ultrastructures and cell membranes, reduces vascular permeability, disrupts the processes of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibits the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, inhibits cell proliferation in the focus of inflammation, increases cell resistance and stimulates wound healing. Antipyretic properties are associated with the ability to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins and influence the center of thermoregulation.
Mefenamic acid stimulates the formation of interferon.
In the mechanism of analgesic action, along with the influence on the central mechanisms of pain sensitivity, a significant role is played by the local effect on the focus of inflammation and the ability to inhibit the formation of algogens (kinins, histamine, serotonin).
Pharmacokinetics
.After oral administration, mefenamic acid is rapidly and fairly completely absorbed in the digestive tract. The maximum concentration in the blood is reached after 2 - 4:00 after ingestion. The blood level is proportional to the dose. The equilibrium concentration (20 mcg / ml) is determined on the second day of use (1 g 4 times a day). It binds 90% to blood albumins. In the liver, it forms metabolites by oxidation, hydrolysis, and glucuronidation. The half-life (T 1/2) is 2 - 4:00. It is excreted from the body unchanged and as metabolites mainly by the kidneys (67% of the dose), with faeces (20-25%).
Indications for use
Indications for the use of tablets Mefenamic acid are:- Acute respiratory viral infections and influenza.
- Pain of low and moderate intensity: muscle, joint, traumatic, dental, headache of various etiologies, postoperative and postpartum pain.
- Primary dysmenorrhea.
- Dysfunctional menorrhagia, including those caused by the presence of intrauterine contraceptives, in the absence of pathology of the pelvic organs.
- Inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system: rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, ankylosing spondylitis.
Mode of application
Apply the drug Mefenamic acid should be under the supervision of a physician, determines the dose and duration of treatment. Apply inside. The drug should be taken after meals with milk.Adults and children over 12 years old: 250-500 mg 3-4 times a day. According to the indications and with good tolerance, the dose is increased to a maximum of 3000 mg, after reaching a therapeutic effect, the dose is reduced to 1000 mg / day.
Children aged 5 to 12 years - 250 mg 3 to 4 times a day.
The course of treatment for diseases of the joints can last from 20 days to 2 months or more. In the treatment of pain syndrome, the course of treatment lasts up to 7 days.
Children. The drug is contraindicated in children under 5 years of age.
Side effects
On the part of the organ of vision: impaired vision, reversible loss of the ability to distinguish colors, eye irritation.On the part of the hearing and vestibular apparatus: ringing in the ears, otalgia.
From the respiratory system, organs chest and mediastinum: shortness of breath, bronchospasm.
From the gastrointestinal tract: epigastric pain, anorexia, heartburn, nausea, flatulence, vomiting, enterocolitis, colitis, exacerbation of colitis and Crohn's disease, gastritis, hepatotoxicity, steatorrhea, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, pancreatitis, hepatorenal syndrome, hemorrhagic gastritis , ulcer with or without bleeding. Gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation or gastrointestinal bleeding, sometimes fatal, especially in elderly patients, dyspepsia, constipation, diarrhea.
From the side of the kidneys and urinary system: dysuria, cystitis. Renal dysfunction, albuminuria, hematuria, oliguria or polyuria, renal failure, including papillary necrosis, acute interstitial nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, allergic glomerulonephritis, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia.
From the nervous system: drowsiness or insomnia, weakness, irritability, agitation, headache, blurred vision, convulsions, optic neuritis, paresthesia, dizziness, stiff neck, fever, loss of orientation.
On the part of the psyche: confusion, depression, hallucinations.
From the side of the cardiovascular system: arterial hypertension, arrhythmia, rarely - congestive heart failure, peripheral edema, syncope, arterial hypotension, palpitations, shortness of breath, thrombotic complications (for example, myocardial infarction or stroke).
On the part of the blood and lymphatic system: aplastic anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, increased bleeding time, eosinophilia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, decreased hematocrit, thrombocytopenic purpura, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, pancytopenia, bone marrow hypoplasia.
From the immune system: hypersensitivity reactions, including rash, pruritus, facial edema, allergic rhinitis, angioedema, laryngeal edema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, urticaria, bullous pemphigus, photosensitivity, asthma, anaphylaxis.
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue: purpura, skin rashes, pruritus, erythema multiforme, urticaria, bullous pemphigus.
Laboratory indicators: impaired glucose tolerance in patients with diabetes, a positive reaction in some tests for the presence of mefenamic acid and its metabolites in bile and urine. Increased levels of liver enzymes in blood plasma.
Others: aseptic meningitis, sweating, fatigue, malaise, multiple organ failure, hyperthermia.
Contraindications
Contraindications to the use of the drug Mefenamic acid are:- Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
- Bronchospasm, Quincke's edema, rhinitis, bronchial asthma, history of urticaria that occurred after the use of acetylsalicylic acid or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- Simultaneous administration of specific COX-2 inhibitors.
- Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, including a history, inflammatory bowel disease, diseases of the hematopoietic organs, severe heart failure, severe liver or kidney dysfunction, gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Pregnancy
A drug Mefenamic acid do not apply to women during pregnancy and lactation.Interaction with other drugs
Thiamine, pyridoxine hydrochloride, barbiturates, phenothiazine derivatives, narcotic analgesics, caffeine, diphenhydramine increase the analgesic effect of the drug.With the combined use of mefenamic acid and methotrexate, the toxic effects of methotrexate are enhanced.
Antihypertensive agents (ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists): decreased antihypertensive effect, increased risk of renal failure, especially in elderly patients. Patients should drink enough fluids. It is also necessary to evaluate renal function at the beginning of treatment and during concomitant therapy.
Diuretics: Decreased diuretic effect. Diuretics may increase the nephrotoxicity of NSAIDs.
Cardiac glycosides: NSAIDs may exacerbate heart failure, decrease glomerular filtration rate, and increase plasma levels of cardiac glycosides.
Cyclosporins: increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Mifepristone: NSAIDs should not be taken within 8 to 12 days after taking mifepristone - NSAIDs may reduce the effect of mefipristone.
Corticosteroids: increased risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding.
Antiplatelet agents and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Fluoroquinolones: NSAIDs increase the risk of seizures.
Aminoglycosides: NSAIDs increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Tacrolimus: possible increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Zidovudine: NSAIDs increase the risk of hematological toxicity. There is an increased risk of joint hemorrhage and hematoma in HIV-positive hemophiliacs who are concomitantly treated with zidovudine.
Lithium preparations decrease the excretion of lithium and increase the risk of lithium toxicity.
Mefenamic acid increases the activity of oral anticoagulants, therefore, with their simultaneous use, the risk of bleeding increases. The simultaneous use of mefenamic acid with oral anticoagulants requires careful monitoring of prothrombin time. NSAIDs with warfarin or heparin should be used with caution - necessary medical supervision.
Simultaneous use with other NSAIDs increases the anti-inflammatory effect and the likelihood of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract.
Overdose
Symptoms of an overdose of tablets Mefenamic acid: pain in the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness. In severe cases - gastrointestinal bleeding, respiratory depression, arterial hypertension, twitching of certain muscle groups, coma.Treatment. There is no specific antidote. Gastric lavage with a suspension of activated charcoal. Alkalinization of urine, forced diuresis. Symptomatic therapy. Hemosorption and hemodialysis are ineffective due to the strong binding of mefenamic acid to blood proteins.
Storage conditions
Keep out of the reach of children in the original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.Release form
Mefenamic acid - tablets.Packaging: 10 tablets in a blister pack; 2 contour packs in a pack.
Composition
1 tablet Mefenamic acid contains mefenamic acid 500 mg.Excipients: potato starch, methylcellulose, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, magnesium stearate.
Additionally
The drug is prescribed with caution to patients in the presence of acute cardiovascular insufficiency, arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease.The drug is prescribed with caution to patients with epilepsy.
Use mefenamic acid in patients who have previously experienced hypersensitivity reactions, such as asthma, bronchospasm, rhinitis, angioedema or urticaria.
Do not use in dehydrated patients who have lost fluid due to vomiting, diarrhea or increased urination.
In case of long-term treatment of headache, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
For moderate impairment of liver or kidney function, special recommendations for use medicinal product no.
NSAIDs should be taken with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease), as exacerbation of the disease is possible. If the use of mefenamic acid has led to gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation, treatment should be discontinued.
Elderly patients usually have an increased risk of developing side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, especially gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation, which can be fatal, therefore, treatment should be started from the dosing itself.
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue diseases have an increased risk of aseptic meningitis.
Mefenamic acid should be used with caution in patients at high risk of serious skin reactions, including exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Mefenamic acid should be discontinued at the first appearance of a skin rash, mucosal injury, or any other sign of hypersensitivity.
With prolonged use of the drug, it is necessary to monitor blood parameters, since mefenamic acid can cause pathological changes from the side of the blood. If any manifestations of dyscrasia occur, drug therapy should be discontinued.
Taking mefenamic acid can lead to gastrointestinal disorders (eg diarrhea). They can occur both immediately after the use of the drug, and after prolonged use. If such symptoms occur, it is necessary to stop using the drug.
Caution must be exercised when using mefenamic acid in patients receiving therapy with drugs that increase the risk of bleeding corticosteroids, anticoagulants (warfarin) and aspirin.
Taking mefenamic acid may impair female fertility and is not recommended for women who are trying to conceive. When used by women with symptoms of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia and the absence of a therapeutic effect, you should consult a doctor.
The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or operating other mechanisms.
Care should be taken when driving vehicles or working with mechanisms that require increased attention, since sometimes the use of the drug can cause drowsiness, blurred vision, convulsions.
main parameters
| Name: | MEPHENAMIC ACID |
| ATX code: | M01AG01 - |
Description and instructions
Mefenamic acid belongs to non-steroidal antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory drugs and has analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory effect of the drug is explained by the ability of mefenamic acid to reduce the activity of lysosomal enzymes involved in inflammatory reactions and inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators (kinins, serotonin, prostaglandins and others). Mefenamic acid also reduces vascular permeability, normalizes cell membranes and protein ultrastructures, inhibits the production of mucopolysaccharides, destroys the process of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibits cell proliferation in the focus of inflammation, promotes wound healing and increases cellular resistance or resistance. The antipyretic effect of the drug is due to its ability to inhibit the production of prostaglandins, as well as affect the thermoregulation center. With an analgesic mechanism, in addition to the ability to influence the central foci of pain sensitivity, local effects on the sources of inflammatory processes and inhibition of the formation of algogens (serotonin, histamine, kinins) are of great importance. Mefenamic acid differs from most other nonsteroidal antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory drugs in that it can stimulate the formation of interferon. After oral administration, mefenamic acid is almost completely and very rapidly absorbed into gastrointestinal tract. It reaches its maximum plasma concentration two, three or four hours after ingestion, and its blood level is proportional to the dose consumed. On the second day of application, at a frequency of application of one gram four times a day, an equilibrium concentration is determined equal to the ratio of twenty millikilograms / milliliters. It binds to blood albumin by ninety percent. The elimination half-life is two to four hours. It is excreted unchanged from the body as metabolites mainly with urine (sixty-seven percent) and feces (from twenty to twenty-five percent).
Fenotizian derivatives, pyridoxine, antithrombotic agents, thiamine, opioid analgesics, vitamin K antagonists, when taken together with mefenamic acid, enhance its effect. When taken together with methotrexate, the toxic effect of the latter is enhanced, and simultaneous use with warfarin can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. Simultaneous use with antacids increases the maximum concentration of mefenamic acid in the blood plasma and increases AUC, joint use with other nonsteroidal antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory drugs increases the risk of side effects in the gastrointestinal tract.
Mefenamic acid is available in the form of tablets of ten pieces in a blister and two blisters in a carton pack. The active substance of the drug is mefenamic acid itself (five hundred milligrams) and excipients - magnesium stearate, stearic acid, potato starch, sodium croscarmellose, methylcellulose. Released without a prescription. The duration of the drug is two years.
Mefenamic acid is taken orally before meals. Children over twelve years of age and adults are recommended to use two hundred and fifty to five hundred milligrams of mefenamic acid, or half to one tablet of the drug, three or four times a day. With good tolerability of the drug and the state of the degree of impact on the body, the daily dose can be increased to three thousand milligrams (six tablets), and after the achieved therapeutic results, reduced to one thousand milligrams or two tablets. Children from five to twelve years of age are prescribed half a tablet three or four times a day. The course of treatment for pain syndrome is one week, and for joint diseases it can last from twenty days to two months or more.
Indications for use
The drug mefenamic acid is prescribed:
- in diseases of the musculoskeletal system of an inflammatory nature (rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis);
- with pain sensations of medium and low intensity (postpartum and postoperative pain, headaches of various etiologies, toothaches, joint pains, muscle pains);
- with primary dysmenorrhea;
- with dysfunctional menorrhagia, which were also caused after the use of intrauterine contraceptives;
- with influenza and acute respiratory viral diseases;
- with infectious-allergic myocarditis;
- with fever;
- with myalgia;
- with arthralgia;
- with premenstrual syndrome.
Contraindications
The drug mefenamic acid is not used in the following cases:
- with diseases of the hematopoietic organs and kidneys;
- in chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of an inflammatory nature;
- with peptic ulcers of the duodenum and stomach;
- for women during pregnancy and breastfeeding (if necessary, the appointment should temporarily stop breastfeeding);
- in children under five years of age;
- with acute sensitivity to mefenamic acid and other components of the drug.
Carefully
- if the patient has a history of peptic ulcers of the duodenum and stomach;
- if the patient has a history of allergic reactions to nonsteroidal antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory drugs (mefenamic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and others).
Side effects
Mefenamic acid may cause the following side effects:
- with the skin: allergic reactions, itching, skin rash, swelling of the face;
- at the central nervous system: irritability, weakness, insomnia or drowsiness;
- with the senses: visual impairment, ringing in the ears;
- in the gastrointestinal tract: constipation, dyspepsia, diarrhea, flatulence, heartburn, anorexia, nausea, pain in the epigastric region, an increase in liver enzymes in the blood plasma;
- in the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, increased bleeding time;
- in the cardiovascular system: arrhythmia, arterial hypertension. Rarely - peripheral edema, heart failure, syncope;
- with the urinary system: hematuria, cystitis, dysuria, albuminuria, impaired renal function, polyuria or oliguria;
- in the respiratory system: bronchospasm, dyspnea;
- with overdoses: drowsiness, vomiting, nausea, pain in the epigastric region. In severe forms of overdose - arterial hypertension, gastrointestinal bleeding, twitching of certain muscle groups, respiratory depression, coma.
Mefenamic acid reviews
We will introduce you to the reviews about Mefenamic acid:
- Darina. My son is now ten years old, and before that, from the age of five, we were saved from all sorts of problems with the kidneys. Only the drug mefenamic acid helped us in this. Plus, these pills are also an antiviral agent, and the disadvantages include the fact that they cannot be used by children more than four times a day. Mefenamic acid does not contain any additives, such as hydrochloride. This drug can be taken with milk. Lowers temperature in one hour. I really like this medicine, neither other pills nor suppositories helped us, nothing helped except mefenamic acid. I always have it in my house. Probably everyone knows what problems are with the kidneys. At a temperature of thirty-nine and nine, nothing saved us, only this remedy.
- Marina. I went to the antenatal clinic due to severe pain during each menstruation. I used to take many pills, but none helped. The doctor recommended that I buy mefenamic acid, which should help with severe pain. Then I used this medicine for fever, and when I had a toothache. These pills also help with colds, inflammations and so on. The tablets themselves are odorless and tasteless, it is not scary to take them and they cost moderately.
- Olesya. I have been buying this product for a long time. But I could not use it, it turns out, because I was breastfeeding the baby. Now it's still at home.
- Oleg. I can say a lot about mefenamic acid. In our house, this remedy takes the first place right after heart remedies. When someone got sick with a cold, I went to the pharmacy, where they advised me mefenamic acid. It turned out that the medicine cures many diseases: toothache and headache, rheumatism, influenza, polyarthritis, and so on. When we get sick with something at home, our back catches, a runny nose begins, we will definitely use this medicine. Good thing, sold without a prescription.
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Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drug used in diseases of the musculoskeletal system, mild to moderate pain syndrome, and febrile syndrome.
pharmachologic effect
Mefenamic acid has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties.
The anti-inflammatory effect of mefenamic acid is due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins and serotonin, which are important participants in inflammation processes. The ability to reduce the production of prostaglandins and influence the thermoregulatory center explains the antipyretic effect of mefenamic acid. The analgesic effect of the drug is due to its effect on the central and peripheral mechanisms of pain sensitivity.
Mefenamic acid is able to increase the activity of T-lymphocytes, which play a significant role in the functions of the immune system, and stimulate the production of interferon, which suggests its anti-inflammatory effect. After oral administration, the maximum concentration of mefenamic acid in the blood can be observed after 2-4 hours. The half-life of the drug is 3 hours. About 67% of mefenamic acid is excreted in the urine, and the rest in the faeces.
Indications for use
Mefenamic acid, the instruction confirms, is effective in such inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system as:
- rheumatism (a disease that affects the cardiovascular system and connective tissue);
- gout (joint disease caused by the accumulation of uric acid in them);
- rheumatoid arthritis (destructive damage to large and small joints of the limbs);
- ankylosing spondylitis (limited mobility of the spine and possible involvement in the inflammatory process of the lungs, kidneys, heart and other internal organs).
It is advisable to use mefenamic acid to eliminate pain in neuralgia, radiculitis, menstruation, childbirth, and oncological diseases.
Mefenamic acid is also effective for mild or moderate headache and toothache, pain in muscles, joints, bones, pain during menstruation, febrile syndrome that accompanies infectious and colds.
Instructions for use of mefenamic acid
Mefenamic acid is available in the form of a powder substance and tablets (250 mg or 500 mg). Inside the drug is recommended to be taken after meals with milk. Adults are usually prescribed 250-500 mg 3-4 times a day, while the maximum daily dose should not exceed 3 grams, the recommended daily dose after achieving a therapeutic effect is 1 gram.
Mefenamic acid for children 5-10 years old is prescribed in a single dose of 250 mg, and for children over 10 years old - 300 mg, the frequency of doses for these age groups is 3-4 times a day.
The instruction recommends taking mefenamic acid for 20-45 days, but if necessary, the course can be extended to 2 months or more.
Locally, mefenamic acid is applied as a 1% paste or 0.1-0.2% solution. The paste is recommended to be injected into the periodontal pockets after 1-2 days (6-8 sessions), and with the help of an aqueous solution, applications should be made 1-2 times a day for ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa.
Side effects
According to the instructions, mefenamic acid can provoke the manifestation of such undesirable effects as:
- gastrointestinal discomfort, indigestion, heartburn, nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation, gastrointestinal bleeding;
- increased blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbance, peripheral edema;
- non-specific inflammation of the kidneys, hematuria (the presence of blood in the urine in excess of the norm), albuminuria (protein excretion in the urine);
- bronchospasm, shortness of breath;
- drowsiness, blurred vision, general weakness, insomnia, nervousness;
- allergic skin reactions;
- at high concentration in the blood - vomiting, convulsions, muscle twitching;
- with prolonged use - a violation of hematopoiesis, a decrease in hematocrit (the ratio of red blood cells to blood volume), hemolytic anemia (a disease caused by increased destruction of red blood cells).
Contraindications to the use of mefenamic acid
Mefenamic acid is not prescribed for hypersensitivity, peptic ulcer, inflammatory processes digestive tract, blood diseases and disorders of the kidneys and liver.
Mefenamic acid is contraindicated for children under 5 years of age, pregnant and lactating women.
Additional Information
Mefenamic acid will be suitable for use for 3 years, provided it is stored in a dry and dark place where the air temperature does not exceed 250C.
Sincerely,