Remote education does not provide for personal contact with the staff of the institute, which may be alarming for those wishing to undergo training. Moreover, today you can meet unscrupulous organizations that do not provide educational services in full or do not provide them at all. We decided to dispel your doubts, because not all remote educational institutions work dishonestly. You can use the services of online training, but only follow some rules to protect yourself from scammers.

Remote education most often provides advanced training courses for specialists, as well as professional retraining. Moreover, in the network you can get higher and secondary education and simply acquire skills in any field. Professional retraining and advanced training is very convenient, especially for those who are trying to combine courses and work.

Distance learning in most cases is of two types: assignments are sent by mail and you do them yourself or online learning when you "attend" video lectures and seminars in real time. Of course, fraud is much more common in the first training option, when incompetent tasks can be sent to you. The second option requires careful preparation from the institute. Moreover, with the help of online classes, you can gain more complete knowledge by asking questions, completing assignments with the teacher, etc.

If a professional retraining and advanced training courses you only need to get a "crust" or a formal document, then you can choose an independent option for taking the course. But still there is a tangible difference: you will not get deep knowledge, but still spend your money. Often educational establishments, who send out tests and materials, do not care if you send back completed work at all. In this case, you should not expect to receive a certificate that you can use when applying for a job.

Immediately discuss all the conditions for interaction between the student and teachers and carefully read the documents sent to you. In a serious educational institution, all the rules are transparent and managers themselves tell you about all aspects of learning.

Check out the reviews of the school you want to apply to. The Institute must have a website where all the conditions for admission are prescribed, as well as the documents on the basis of which they carry out their activities. Ask about student protection, how safe it is to transfer money, how safe it will be to work online, etc.

Retraining and advanced training courses You can get it online at different prices. Of course, we are all interested in maximum savings, but too low prices should still alert you.

Contact only trusted educational institutions that really inspire confidence in you!

Christina, hello!

Fraud is embezzlement someone else's property or the acquisition of the right to someone else's property by deceit or abuse of trust (part 1 of article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

Theft in the articles of this Code is understood as the unlawful gratuitous seizure and (or) conversion of someone else's property for the benefit of the guilty person or other persons, committed for mercenary purposes, that caused damage to the owner or other owner of this property (Note 1 to Article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

Since the girl did not confiscate and (or) convert other people's property for the benefit of herself or other persons, there is no evidence of fraud in her actions.

According to paragraph 16 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2007 N 51 "O judicial practice in cases of fraud, misappropriation and embezzlement" fraud should be distinguished from causing property damage by deceit or breach of trust in the absence of signs of theft (Article 165 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). In the latter case, there are no such obligatory signs of fraud as an unlawful, gratuitous final seizure and (or) conversion of another's property in favor of the guilty person or in favor of other persons, committed for mercenary purposes.

When deciding whether the actions of a person contain elements of a crime, liability for which is provided for by Article 165 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the court must establish whether the owner or other owner of the property has suffered real material damage or damage in the form of lost profits, that is, lost income, which this person would have received under normal conditions of civil turnover if his right had not been violated by deceit or breach of trust.

Fraud or abuse of trust in order to obtain an illegal benefit of a property nature can be expressed, for example, in the presentation by a person of forged documents that exempt from payment of payments established by law (except for those specified in Articles 194, 198 and 199 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) or from utility bills, in unauthorized connection to power networks, creating the possibility of unaccounted for consumption of electricity or exploitation for personal purposes of the transport entrusted to this person.

However, in order to attract criminal liability for causing property damage by deceit or breach of trust in the absence of signs of theft (Article 165 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), a large or especially large amount of damage is required. A large amount is recognized as the value of property exceeding two hundred and fifty thousand rubles, and especially large - one million rubles. Therefore, according to Art. 165 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, a girl cannot be attracted either.

There remains only administrative responsibility under Art. 7.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:

Article 7.27.1. Causing property damage by deceit or breach of trust

Infliction of property damage to the owner or other owner of property by means of deceit or abuse of trust in the absence of signs of a criminally punishable act -

entails the imposition administrative fine in the amount of up to five times the cost of the damage caused, but not less than five thousand rubles.

Therefore, you need to contact the police with a written application to initiate a case against adm. offense under Art. 7.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation in relation to the girl. After initiation of the case, the materials will be transferred to the court, which will consider the case. If the court finds the girl guilty and if there is no dispute about compensation for property damage, the court will decide on the recovery of 29,500 rubles in your favor. If there is a dispute, then you need to file a separate civil claim for the recovery of 29,500 rubles. Claim for compensation moral damage also served in civil proceedings.

Article 4.7. Compensation for property damage and moral damage caused administrative offense

1. A judge, considering a case on an administrative offense, has the right, in the absence of a dispute on compensation for property damage, simultaneously with the appointment administrative punishment resolve the issue of compensation for property damage. Disputes on compensation for property damage are resolved by the court in civil proceedings.
3. Disputes on compensation for moral damage caused by an administrative offense are considered by the court in civil proceedings.

Sincerely,

lawyer, member of the Council of Experts "Pravoved.RU"

Alexander Bezgodov

It is a natural desire of the majority of Russians to receive a high-quality versatile education themselves and to give it to their children. The positive aspects of acquiring knowledge are obvious:

the individual expands his horizons, learning about the world around him that is unknown to others. This increases his self-esteem and favorably distinguishes against the background of uneducated people;

education allows you to do what you love and realize yourself as much as possible, work for the good and feel needed by society;

a graduate has a wide choice of vacancies for employment, and a graduate of a prestigious university has obvious advantages compared to graduates of conventional universities;

get a job in the authorities state power and corporate business structures, in principle, it is impossible without a diploma of higher education;

a favorite and well-paid job gives stability and well-being, the opportunity to provide your family with everything you need, including giving a good education to your children;

an educated person, armed with the experience of generations, finds a way out of difficult life situations more easily, it is easier for him to navigate in a new social or national environment, for example, abroad;

the work of educated people is less connected with physical activity, the risk of injury and occupational diseases;

doctors have proven that people with a high level of education are less prone to degenerative processes of late age - Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other forms of senile dementia;

young men who entered the university receive a deferment from military service.

Secondary education in Russia is mandatory, therefore, even if it has its own dark spots It's almost impossible to get away from school. Some young men and women refuse to continue their studies at a university or college. This has its reasons:

Just the lack of craving for knowledge - "this is not mine."

Unwillingness to spend 5 - 6 years (I'd rather go to work, then somehow I'll get a "crust").

complex financial position in family. I want to study, but I urgently need money, I can’t afford a scholarship.

Birth of a child (applies to girls).

However, b about The majority of young people strive to get a higher or secondary specialized education, and before that, to graduate from a prestigious school, preferably with a specialization in one or more subjects. And this is where the desire for knowledge often stumbles upon the evil called fraud and abuse in the field of education.

Why and how they cheat on the path to knowledge

The socio-economic causes of the phenomenon lie in the insufficient financing of the industry and the lack of a sufficient number of qualified teachers and equipped educational institutions.

An artificial shortage has been created in the market of educational services, which inevitably gives rise to fraud. The bulk of deceivers graze in the field of public education. It is precisely for access to places where “reasonable, good, eternal things are sown” at the state expense that parents and their children most often have to pay.

Moreover, very often the given money turns out to be given away to nowhere - the fraudster was not at all going to help enter a prestigious school or a budgetary department of a university. He got into confidence, promised from three boxes, but for some reason he forgot to fulfill the promise.

To school on false documents

Forgeries and scams begin already in kindergartens and the first grades of schools. It's no secret that kindergartens and schools are different. In some, queues line up every year, in others no one wants to give children.

They say there is a record today. However, experienced parents are well aware that already at one minute of the first night on the start date of registration of those who wish, the websites of schools and advanced kindergartens freeze and you need to bow to the director and explain why you want to send your child here.

An unprecedented case of documentary forgery by parents is currently being investigated by the Yekaterinburg prosecutor's office. In one of the prestigious schools in the city, the competition among future first-graders exceeded 5 people per place, and all children had the right to enter this school, since they were registered on the surrounding streets.

Employees of the prosecutor's office, together with the Federal Migration Service, conducted an audit, and it turned out that temporary, and sometimes permanent registrations of mothers with children were tritely bought on the shadow market of registration. Cases of fake stamps in the passport have also been identified.

AT social network There are special groups on VKontakte in which the owners of rubber apartments for money fictitiously register people who need to live in a particular area for a child to enter school or Kindergarten. And if earlier this phenomenon was overlooked, they fought mainly against the illegal registration of migrants, but this year the situation has become critical.

The prosecutor's office has already brought to court one of the cases against a father who fictitiously registered near a prestigious school and intended to enroll his seven-year-old son there. He will pay a fine of 15 thousand rubles and receive a criminal record in his biography. And although the article "Forgery" does not belong to the category of serious, for an ordinary, generally law-abiding citizen, this is not the most pleasant moment.

Now there are 8 more similar cases in the courts of the capital of the Urals, 26 materials are being checked for corpus delicti.

It is sad, but the hostages of the situation are children. Going to school, the child will take away a place from a peer who had every right to receive knowledge near the house. In addition, from an early age, parents teach a little person to deceive, even if he still does not fully understand the essence of what is happening.

Requisitions at school

Extortions from parents for various general school and classroom needs have become a real disaster in public schools. In the TV scenes with the teacher Snezhana Denisovna from Nasha Rashi, despite their grotesqueness, almost everything is true. Abuse, and sometimes outright fraud and extortion on the part of teachers, naturally irritates parents, but they usually cannot do anything, fearing for the fate of the child and not wanting to transfer him to another school.

Passing the exam

The system of the Unified State Examination, which replaced the good old final and entrance exams with tickets and an essay, is not scolded only by the lazy. Meanwhile, it is no secret to anyone that test results are sold on the Internet, and this is repeated from year to year, despite the multi-stage measures to protect assignments declared by the Ministry of Education and Science. True, here you can also buy a pig in a poke - sellers of USE tests never give guarantees.

Receipt on the "budget"

Traditionally, the largest fraud in terms of the amount of damage is associated with admission to the budget departments of universities. There are always many victims. Fraudsters ingratiate themselves and convince applicants and their parents that thanks to their connections in the selection committee, dean's office, rector's office, and so on, successful admission to a university is guaranteed regardless of the results of the exam - you just need to pay. The amount of the entrance ticket depends on the prestige of the university and the level of credulity and credulity of the victim. On the Internet and in the press, cases are described when the amount of an imaginary bribe to the rector or dean exceeded the cost of a year's education in a paid department.

It was recently described on our information and analytical portal. The 22-year-old unemployed man presented himself as a special services officer and collected money from his parents for the trouble-free admission of their children to a closed St. Petersburg university.

Internet plagiarism

The widespread copying of "homework" and copying other people's texts, from school essays to doctoral dissertations, cannot be directly considered fraud, it is either forgery or copyright infringement. But the phenomenon has become so widespread that it inevitably threatens the prestige of education. What kind scientific discoveries you can expect from a generation of scientists-deceivers who live with someone else's mind and are not accustomed to independent creative work!

Remote learning

The trend of today is learning online. Serious educational centers work in this field, enjoying the authority and trust of both students and the scientific community. But against their background, the network divorced great amount petty crooks offering educational services:

Learning foreign languages;

tutoring in USE subjects;

courses in rhetoric, chess, successful sales, safe shopping, seduction and pickup, etc.

The chip of the day has long been all kinds of training courses for promotion on the Internet, SMM, SEO, strategies in the stock market, and now also in the cryptocurrency market. Charlie Lee, the inventor of litecoin, a competitor to bitcoin, said very well about this: “I have been studying this subject for 7 years and am still not sure that I know everything about it. What can we say about people who are ready to take risks after a week of training. Take risks, but don't complain later."

With all the advantages of online learning, such proposals should be treated with extreme caution. What should alert you:

Spam on the host site. If intrusive advertising of a teacher, lecturer or business coach appears several times a day and sets the teeth on edge, this is the first sign of unprofessionalism. A serious educational portal approaches customer acquisition thoughtfully and does not cause irritation.

Low informative resource. There you can only find information about courses or classes where they want to drag you. A self-respecting site necessarily contains information about teachers, detailed description curricula, article sections on topics of interest to listeners. Serious information can be diluted with humor.

Lack of a clear price list, information about the manual and educational licenses.

Exceptionally positive feedback from listeners and site visitors.

Inability to get detailed advice over the phone. If you prefer to communicate via chat or email, this educational resource is definitely not for you.

Outright fraud according to the scheme “paid money and received nothing at all” in the field of education is quite rare. But you can easily pay money and get a bunch of unnecessary information that cannot be applied in later life. So remember. No matter how tempting remote education looks, it will never become a full-fledged replacement for full-time education. But it can turn out to be a clear and veiled fraud, which is almost impossible to punish.

Winners Forum

In October 2017, scammers deceived the educators themselves. A certain company, citing close ties in the Ministry of Education and Science, sent invitations to the pedagogical forum to Russian schools. forum. Approximately 2,000 people submitted applications, representing institutions of secondary education from Kaliningrad to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. total amount organizational fees transferred by schools exceeded 25 million rubles.

As the NTV television company said, upon arriving in the capital, the participants of the “winners' forum” did not find either the promised transfer from airports and train stations, or an elegant assembly hall in one of the business centers of the capital, or the organizers of the event themselves. The case is unique in its own way, because they sent employees and paid participation fees budget institutions where every penny is checked.

Do you think you are Russian? Born in the USSR and think that you are Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian? No. This is not true.

You are actually Russian, Ukrainian or Belarusian. But you think you are a Jew.

Game? Wrong word. The correct word is "imprinting".

A newborn associates himself with those facial features that he observes immediately after birth. This natural mechanism is characteristic of most living beings with vision.

Newborns in the USSR for the first few days saw their mother for a minimum of feeding time, and most of the time they saw the faces of the maternity hospital staff. By a strange coincidence, they were (and still are) mostly Jewish. Reception is wild in its essence and effectiveness.

All your childhood you wondered why you live surrounded by non-native people. Rare Jews on your path could do anything with you, because you were drawn to them, while others were repelled. Yes, even now they can.

You cannot fix this - imprinting is one-time and for life. It is difficult to understand, the instinct took shape when you were still very far from being able to formulate. From that moment, no words or details have been preserved. Only facial features remained in the depths of memory. Those traits that you consider your family.

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System and Observer

Let us define a system as an object whose existence is not in doubt.

An observer of a system is an object that is not a part of the system it observes, that is, it determines its existence, including through factors independent of the system.

From the point of view of the system, the observer is a source of chaos - both control actions and the consequences of observational measurements that do not have a causal relationship with the system.

An internal observer is a potentially achievable object for the system in relation to which the inversion of the observation and control channels is possible.

An external observer is even an object potentially unattainable for the system, located beyond the event horizon of the system (spatial and temporal).

Hypothesis #1. All-seeing eye

Let's assume that our universe is a system and it has an external observer. Then observational measurements can take place, for example, with the help of "gravitational radiation" penetrating the universe from all sides from the outside. The capture cross section of "gravitational radiation" is proportional to the mass of the object, and the projection of the "shadow" from this capture onto another object is perceived as an attractive force. It will be proportional to the product of the masses of objects and inversely proportional to the distance between them, which determines the density of the "shadow".

The capture of "gravitational radiation" by an object increases its randomness and is perceived by us as a passage of time. An object that is opaque to "gravitational radiation", the capture cross section of which is larger than the geometric size, looks like a black hole inside the universe.

Hypothesis #2. Internal Observer

It is possible that our universe is watching itself. For example, using pairs of quantum entangled particles spaced apart in space as standards. Then the space between them is saturated with the probability of the existence of the process that generated these particles, which reaches its maximum density at the intersection of the trajectories of these particles. The existence of these particles also means the absence of a sufficiently large capture cross section on the trajectories of objects capable of absorbing these particles. The remaining assumptions remain the same as for the first hypothesis, except:

Time flow

External observation of an object approaching the event horizon of a black hole, if the “outside observer” is the determining factor of time in the universe, will slow down exactly twice - the shadow from the black hole will block exactly half of the possible trajectories of “gravitational radiation”. If the determining factor is the "internal observer", then the shadow will block the entire trajectory of interaction and the flow of time for an object falling into a black hole will completely stop for a view from the outside.

Also, the possibility of combining these hypotheses in one proportion or another is not excluded.

An English tutor is a person who teaches a child or adult English. The teacher, like any other specialist engaged in professional activities, must himself meet clear requirements. Please note that now we will try to analyze the most basic parameters that will help you make the right choice.

Education

It should be remembered that when choosing a specialist, you are hiring a professional who must prove their qualifications, i.e. he/she must have a higher education, which shows that he or she has received proper professional training and this was confirmed by the attestation commission when your potential teacher took the final exams at the university.

Diploma of Higher Education

Only the presence of a diploma of higher education and a bachelor's, master's or specialist's degree confirms the qualification and gives the right to work in this field.

Moreover, in our opinion, it is better to give preference to those who have linguistic education is the first, that is, the specialist studied his craft “from call to call” at the institute and, for example, English was his main specialization, and the second (secondary) languages ​​were, for example, Spanish and French.

Practice shows that graduates of linguistic universities and philological faculties are better at the first one, i.e. main language.

At the same time, some universities can include a foreign language in the diploma as an additional qualification, i.e. the student studied at the university, for example, history or economics, and they were also taught English. Their main specialization remains history or economics, and English is a secondary field of activity. There is nothing wrong with that. Although, you must understand that the main specialization of such a tutor is history or finance, but not English.

Certificates

Please note that no certificate can replace a higher education diploma! Obtain a CELTA certificate for a person who speaks English language, simple enough! Most often, such a certificate is received by native speakers who would like to teach their language during their stay abroad. native language. Perhaps for native speakers who are fluent in spoken English, such a certificate is the norm, but for non-native speakers, in our experience, such a certificate can only be an addition to higher education, and not a replacement for a diploma.

Retraining Diploma

A retraining diploma is almost no different from a regular diploma, for example, about a second higher education, from a legal point of view, and gives the right to conduct pedagogical activity. In fact, each specialist and each situation will have to be dealt with separately. A lot depends on the person in this situation. The question of whether you yourself can determine “by eye” a good specialist in front of you or not remains open.

Diploma of Second Higher Education

Usually a second higher education is received for 2-2.5 years, which allows a potential teacher to study both the English language and pedagogy more deeply. At the same time, a diploma of a second higher education is an addition to the first one, but not its replacement. As in the situation with a diploma of professional retraining, you yourself will have to determine how qualified an English tutor is in front of you.

Translation Diploma

The presence of a translator's diploma indicates that such a specialist was trained to translate oral and written language from Russian to English and vice versa. He or she may be proficient in English himself, but, unfortunately, a translator's diploma does not give any guarantee that its holder has the proper pedagogical and psychological preparation for teaching others.

Translation is a completely different field of linguistics, so it should be remembered that translators were trained to translate, and teachers were trained to teach English. That is why English teachers study a variety of pedagogy and psychology visas, and at the end of their studies they pass the most difficult exams.

In our opinion, translators without appropriate training cannot be engaged in teaching, and teachers, in turn, cannot be engaged, for example, in simultaneous translation, since it needs to be trained and then practiced for many years. Each specialist must maintain the status quo and work in his field until he receives the appropriate education and changes his qualifications.

work experience

Perhaps just as important as a degree in education, and maybe sometimes even more important, is work experience.

No work expirience

Linguistics-only students are great candidates if you need someone to help your child with school homework, but nothing more. If the child has more complex goals, for example, admission to a university and passing the exam in English, then, from our point of view, it is reckless to entrust such a task to an inexperienced student.

Little work experience

Beginning specialists are usually young and the gaps associated with lack of experience are very often covered by their activity. A teacher who is just starting her career is suitable for those who are learning English for themselves. For those who set more serious goals, for example, employment or study abroad, more experienced specialists will suit emigration.

Experienced English tutor

An experienced teacher perfectly understands the difference between education and entertainment, i.e. with whom it is appropriate to conduct classes in an entertaining manner, and for whom the language is vital and needs to be focused as much as possible on mastering the language in a reasonable time. For example, if your goal is to pass IELTS at 6.5 or higher; enroll in a Western university; get a better paying job; pass an interview in English, emigrate to an English-speaking country - in this case, for sure, entertaining English courses will not suit you, in our opinion, you need a specialist who not only knows the language and can explain it intelligibly, you need a specialist, who will be able to help you cope with yourself and practically force you to learn the language.

Teaching people of any specialty is hard work, what can we say when it comes to a foreign language. If the language could be learned easily and in 2-3 months, everyone would have been speaking English for a long time. Language learning is great work and it is the experience of the teacher that can help you not to break firewood on this thorny path.

An experienced teacher has a huge amount of knowledge and situations behind him. An experienced specialist is able to explain the most complex linguistic phenomena in simple and understandable words.

Also, the experience of the teacher gives him the opportunity to predict the development of the situation. What, for example, will happen if you do not study difficult, boring, boring (choose any epithet) grammar, but only use the communicative method. What score without studying grammar - the basics of the language - can you pass the aforementioned IELTS. Experience and only experience gives a specialist the right to tell you what you may not want to hear, but this is, at times, the bitter truth. It is to an experienced specialist that you need to listen if you want to achieve a high goal.

Pay special attention to the fact that the inexperienced specialist is extremely often subject to the well-studied Dunning-Kruger effect.

The Dunning-Kruger effect is a metacognitive distortion, which consists in the fact that people with a low level of skill make erroneous conclusions, make bad decisions, and at the same time are not able to realize their mistakes due to low level their qualifications.

That is, not from sick knowledge and high qualifications, some English tutors promise to teach you to speak English fluently in 2 months. Unfortunately, due to the low level of their own qualifications, they cannot themselves understand that this is impossible. At the same time, we completely take out the fraudulent component, since it is impossible to teach English to a person from scratch for so much short time. So that he would then confirm his knowledge by passing some international language exam, for example, IELTS for 7 or at least 5.5.

Foreign practice

In our opinion, it is quite obvious that a person who wants to become an English teacher must himself be able to speak English at a high level. This can only be achieved through practice. The teacher is obliged to practice effectively and improve the level of his qualifications.

A specialist can improve his qualification both in Russia and abroad. In Moscow, there are quite a few courses with native speakers that can help the teacher with practice and self-development.

It should be remembered that if a teacher is undergoing advanced training abroad, in particular, in England or the USA, then classes with such a tutor will cost more, because. a specialist invests his financial resources in improving his language level, which directly affects the knowledge that you receive as a student.

Filters to select an experienced and qualified tutor.

1. Documents about education. It is normal to ask to see a diploma of education, giving the right to conduct teaching activities. You can check the authenticity of a diploma online if an apostille from the Ministry of Education is attached to it. Type in the number of the apostille on the website of the Obrnadzor, if you see “found” - you have a real apostille confirming the authenticity of obtaining a diploma at a Russian university.
2. Find out how experienced the specialist has.

You can choose a teacher in Moscow or in other cities, for example, on the site www.TakeUp.ru. Here, teachers who prefer to work without intermediaries post their resumes.