Does my child need to go to kindergarten? They say that children from home have a very difficult time adapting to school because they are not used to being in a group environment.
Until recently, it was believed that kindergarten was a truly necessary link in the development of every child. And indeed, “home” children often had difficulty adapting to school rules, to the rules of communication accepted in the peer group. Perhaps, these difficulties were explained primarily by the fact that there were very few such children; the overwhelming majority were “kindergarten” children. Often, children moved in whole groups from the “yard” kindergarten to the same “yard” (that is, in the neighborhood) school. And if a child who spent the first seven years of his life under his mother and grandmother’s wing ended up in the same class, he, of course, had a hard time.
Today the situation is different. Children who have never attended kindergarten are no longer exceptions. In addition, the very concept of “kindergarten” these days is not as clear as before. In addition to the standard state kindergarten, there are a number of other options for “employment” of a preschool child. So children come to first grade with a wide variety of “baggage”: some went to a regular kindergarten, some went to some Development Center, and some even stayed at home with a nanny.
And now, timid at first, but gaining strength, the voices of those who took it upon themselves to assert that “home” children were no worse than “kindergarten” children began to be heard. Of course, there are exceptions everywhere, but, in general, a child raised at home, and not in an “institution,” may well be as developed, independent, proactive and sociable as a kindergarten student. Another thing is that for this, parents must not just “keep” their precious child at home, but work on developing all these qualities in him.
What exactly does attending kindergarten give a child? First of all - opportunity to communicate with peers, inclusion in a group. You may be a staunch individualist, withdrawn and uncommunicative, but you need to remember: From about the age of three (and definitely from four years old!) the child needs to communicate with other children. And you must provide him with this opportunity.
Of course, in kindergarten, a child learns to communicate not only with other children, but also with adults. Until school age begins, parents, of course, remain the only truly authoritative adults in a child’s life. But the experience of communicating with teachers in kindergarten helps the child in the future to avoid difficulties in establishing relationships with school teachers. The baby learns that in addition to his mother, there are other adults whose opinions need to be listened to, and sometimes simply obeyed.
Naturally connected with this point is another: In kindergarten, the child gets acquainted with certain rules of behavior and learns to comply with them. The word “discipline” evokes a rather negative attitude among many of us, since it is associated with the “equalizing” drill adopted in kindergartens and schools of the Soviet era. But if we ignore these associations and understand by the word “discipline” simply the ability to adhere to the necessary rules of human society, then we must admit: these skills are necessary for the child.
Finally, In kindergarten, the child receives opportunities for intellectual and physical development. Strictly speaking, the standard educational programs adopted in state kindergartens leave much to be desired: in many ordinary kindergartens there are not enough classes, and they are far from being conducted at the highest level. “Kindergarten” education alone is not enough for a child. In any case, parents should work with the baby themselves. But if a “home” child spends whole days exclusively in front of the TV screen, then in kindergarten he, of course, will receive incomparably more. Drawing, modeling, design, speech development, music classes and physical education - this minimal “gentleman’s set” will be provided by the simplest state kindergarten. If you are lucky and you find a really good kindergarten (there are also state-run ones) with a good, extensive program, you can count on your child being truly interested there.
Can I provide my child with all the conditions necessary for his harmonious development at home, without sending him to kindergarten?
In principle, this is possible. But only if you are really ready for this very, very serious work. The most difficult thing in home education is, perhaps, not the intellectual or physical development of the child. It is in these areas that a caring and educated mother can give her child much more than classes in kindergarten. It is much more difficult to create for a child all the necessary conditions for social development.
We have already talked above about the main advantages of kindergarten: the child gets the opportunity to communicate with peers and with adults other than parents, learns to behave “in society”, and to follow the rules. And if you do not want to send your child to kindergarten, you need to think carefully about how exactly you will provide your child with these opportunities.
A “home” child should spend a lot of time on playgrounds, playing with other children. In addition, it is very desirable to provide him with some kind of permanent friend of the same age - or better, several friends. You need to take him to visit and invite other children to your home.
This task is quite feasible. But we must not forget about another important point - the child’s communication with adults. It's no secret that women who prefer to stay home with their children until it's time to go to school often have a heightened sense of parental duty and a desire to be ideal mothers. Some rather unfavorable consequences follow from this laudable desire: such mothers are almost always convinced that they simply do not have the right to entrust their precious baby to someone else (and the category of “strangers” often includes all other people, including their closest friends , and grandparents).
If you do not send your child to kindergarten because you do not trust the teachers and believe that no one but you will be able to treat the child correctly and find the right approach to him, you urgently need to change this point of view! Of course, the child cannot be given away to the first available hands. But you can’t limit his world only to your own person either. You need to understand that the child needs experience communicating with other adults besides the mother- even if this mother really is the best in the world!
If you don’t want to send your beloved child to kindergarten, send him to some club, section, or play group. Agree with one of your friends that from time to time your child will spend the day with her. The best thing is if among your friends there are young mothers like you. You can create a “visitation schedule”, taking turns hosting other children. Let your private “kindergarten” “work” only a few hours a day, at least a couple of times a week: this will already bring great benefits to the kids. They will learn to communicate with each other, and little by little they will get used to the fact that sometimes it is not only their mother who has to obey.
Suitable age: does it make sense to send your child to a nursery?
The most optimal age for going out into the world is four years. Yes, yes, no less! And please, try not to listen to the persistent advice of experienced grandmothers who are always ready to explain to us that “the sooner the better - the sooner you get used to it”! Because it's not true.
A one-year-old toddler, of course, can “get used” to the fact that for some reason his beloved mother has been replaced by someone else’s, not very affectionate aunt. To get used to it means to resign yourself and suffer in silence, reacting to stress “only” with frequent colds and other illnesses, bad mood, and decreased interest in the world around you. Such passive resistance is far from a trifle; it has a very negative impact on the further emotional, intellectual and physical development of the baby.
Today, most nurseries accept children only from one and a half years old. But this is also extremely early! One and a half years is the age when the so-called separation anxiety is just beginning to subside. Simply put, the baby is still too strongly attached to his mother and reacts very painfully to her absence, as well as to the appearance of strangers, especially if they try to get too close to him.
It’s no secret that “disadvantaged” children, that is, those who are not doing well at home, adapt best to nurseries. Kindergarten teachers know this very well. They sadly talk about the fact that in each group there are one or two kids who do not want to leave kindergarten in the evenings: parents come, call from the threshold of the group, and the child... turns his back, hides behind a shelf with toys. And the point here is not at all that the baby “played too much”, was too carried away by some of his important baby affairs.
For a one-and-a-half-year-old toddler, meeting his mother, the opportunity to cling to her tightly and not let go is the most important thing, by definition, due to age characteristics. Beginning at this age, the fear of unfamiliar adults gradually smoothes out, but does not completely disappear for quite some time (although different children differ greatly in this from each other). Interest in other children awakens in children only by the age of three. At the same time, at first they are drawn to older comrades, then they begin to be interested in those who are younger, and only last of all do they pay attention to their peers.
So, A nursery for one and a half years can be justified only by the most extreme necessity. Before you decide to send your child to a nursery, you need to go through all the possible options that allow you to leave your baby at home. Look for home work, try to negotiate with mothers you know that you will take turns “shepherding” your children. Believe me, there are no hopeless situations and, if desired, you can always find some alternative to a nursery.
It is a little easier for a two-year-old child to get used to the nursery. The general rule remains the same - early! But there are already quite a few exceptions to this rule. By the age of two, a child can really be very sociable, and if the kindergarten (especially the teachers!) is good, the child may like it there. In any case, you can try to take your child to a nursery if you are already convinced that he is not afraid of other children and adults, has the necessary self-care skills (knows how to use a potty, can feed himself), and experiences your absence without much suffering.
At the same time, you must observe the behavior, mood of the baby, and his state of health. If you see that your two-year-old is having difficulty adapting to the nursery, under no circumstances insist or persist in your intention to accustom him to the “institution” right now. The saying “if you endure it, you fall in love” does not work in this case! The negative experience of visiting a nursery will have an impact in the future: in a year or two, when “home” children come to the group and adapt to the kindergarten without any problems, your baby will still perceive the kindergarten as a place of imprisonment, will often get sick, cry in the morning and in the evenings.
In our case, the following folk wisdom applies: “The miser pays twice.” By sending a two-year-old to nursery who is not ready for it, you will gain nothing. Going to work will result in regular sick leave. It is much wiser to spend your time wisely: gradually, without haste, but persistently and consistently prepare your baby for kindergarten. This “investment” of your time and your care will pay off in full. This may sound banal, but still: what could be more valuable than the health of a beloved child - both physical and psychological?
Some mothers send their two-year-old children to nurseries not because they really need to go to work, but for “pedagogical” reasons: they say, in the group the child will be taught to be independent, he will develop faster, etc. Yes, talking all day long with other people’s aunts and being only one of fifteen to twenty of the same toddlers, your child will probably learn to hold a spoon and pull up his pants faster than his “at-home” peers. But is this really important in itself? At home, he also learns independence, masters all these necessary everyday skills - but how could it be otherwise? This, of course, requires your attention, your work and your patience.
Let's be honest. When bringing a child to a nursery, we cannot even dream of some kind of individual approach, respect for the child’s personality, etc. Things are better with kindergartens, but nurseries cannot in any way be considered a place useful for the child.
Both the age characteristics of a two-year-old child and the quality of our nurseries, in general, lead to the following conclusion: wait, don’t rush! It has been proven that nursery students are often later characterized by less initiative in decision-making, since activity and emotionality are largely established in the first years of life.
Note to mom
A child who does not adapt well to a nursery or kindergarten does not necessarily demonstrate this clearly. He can behave quite obediently and even submissively, expressing his experiences in some indirect way. The most common form of passive resistance in toddlers is frequent colds.
But there are other points that you definitely need to pay attention to. This is sleep, appetite, the child’s behavior at home in the evenings, after kindergarten. In the first time after starting to visit a nursery or kindergarten, such “delights” as decreased appetite, difficulty falling asleep and even crying at night, domestic whims and a somewhat depressed or irritable mood can be considered “normal.” But if after three to four weeks the situation does not improve, we can say that the child is not adapting well to kindergarten or nursery.
In this case, it is advisable to save the child from attending kindergarten for the next year, and if this is completely impossible, try to soften his traumatic situation: leave him in kindergarten only for half a day, give him an additional day off in the middle of the week, look for a kindergarten or nursery with fewer children in Group.
These recommendations may not seem very realistic. However, the experience of many mothers shows that they can be done if desired. And the efforts are justified, because as a result you preserve the mental well-being of the child, and therefore your own.
At what age is it best for a child to go to kindergarten?
We have already begun to answer this question. Let us repeat once again: most psychologists today consider four years to be the optimal age, and three years to be quite acceptable. By the age of three, the child is no longer afraid of being left without his mother for some time, begins to be interested in communicating with other children, and has self-care skills. But he will only truly enjoy playing with his peers when he is closer to four years old.
The ideal option is to gradually, without haste or presenting strict demands, begin introducing your child to kindergarten at three to three and a half years old. First, take him for walks with the kindergarten group, then leave him in kindergarten for half the day.
If it quickly turns out that the child does not mind spending time in a new environment, you can move on to a regular visit to kindergarten. If the baby does not express any special enthusiasm, there is nothing wrong with the fact that until the age of four he will attend kindergarten according to a “gentle” regime.
Don't worry about him falling behind his peers in some way. The main thing is that after three years he does not remain in a confined home space, alone with his mother or grandmother, but gradually expands the boundaries of the familiar world.
Note to mom
Here is a very important, albeit purely “technical” warning. All the advice given by psychologists, authors of various books and manuals (including the author of this article) regarding kindergarten is somewhat theoretical. Smooth, soft and unhurried adaptation to kindergarten is an ideal to which one can strive. But in reality, unless you have sufficient financial resources to enroll your child in a private “family” kindergarten (and most of us do not have such opportunities), be prepared for the fact that life will make adjustments to your ideal scheme.
And the first thing you will encounter is the queue. Yes, yes, the good old queue at kindergarten from the time of your own childhood. Just seven or eight years ago, mothers could really slowly move from one kindergarten to another, compare and choose the one that was better.
The birth rate in the country was low, kindergartens were empty and closed, and those that remained afloat were ready to accept almost everyone, regardless of registration in the desired microdistrict. (Nurseries, by the way, have always remained overcrowded, but there are much fewer of them than kindergartens.) Today there are more children, but the number of kindergartens has decreased - precisely in those “childless” years. And you need to register for the simplest, “yard” kindergarten at least a year before the child goes there. With the same gardens that are especially popular in your area, you can safely start “making friends” even during pregnancy.
In recent years, this practice has become increasingly common. At the age of two, the child is sent to a nursery, he gets used to it with difficulty, and the parents decide to leave him at home for another year. But under no circumstances do they take away the documents! They persuade the administration to “hold the place” and regularly pay monthly bills in order to maintain the opportunity to send the child to kindergarten without any problems in a year or even two.
So draw your own conclusions. You need to look for a kindergarten in advance, at least a year in advance, ideally even earlier. Be active, don’t expect gifts from fate. While walking the streets with the stroller in which your newborn lies, meet the mothers of older children, find out what kindergartens they go to and whether they are happy with them.
In addition, the Internet can be of great help in finding a good kindergarten. There are ratings of schools and kindergartens on numerous “parental” websites. There you can find reviews about different kindergartens, groups, and development centers. In addition, you will have the opportunity to ask some specific questions and get the necessary advice.
The child doesn’t want to go to kindergarten at all...
Can any child be enrolled in kindergarten?
Doctors, psychologists and parents call some children “non-kindergarten children”. What's behind this definition? Are there really children who, under no circumstances, can adapt to kindergarten?
To be honest, there are probably no such children. The only question is how much effort the child and his parents need to make in order for adaptation to kindergarten to take place, and whether these efforts are justified, that is, whether they need to be made.
Based on how kids adapt to kindergarten, they can be divided into three groups.
The first group are children who react to a change in environment with a real nervous breakdown. Frequent colds are almost always added to this.
The second group consists of children who do not show signs of nervous overstrain and “only” begin to get sick often.
The third group is children who get used to kindergarten without any problems or difficulties.
So, every second child belongs to the first or second group. Does this mean that only half of the children who go to kindergarten have a chance to “settle in” there, and all the rest should stay at home until school age? Of course not.
In most cases, adaptation problems are solvable, and it does not require too much time. Kindergarten is stressful for a child, but the stress is completely surmountable. Only the baby definitely needs help to cope with this new and very serious experience. Such a large number of children experiencing difficulties in adapting to kindergarten is largely due to their lack of preparation for a new way of life. You cannot throw a child into an unfamiliar environment, like into water, in the expectation that he will immediately learn to “swim.” It is worth devoting time and attention in advance to preparing for visiting kindergarten, and then your baby will most likely end up in the third, safe group.
Despite all my efforts, the child still cannot get used to kindergarten. What explains this and what can be done?
Indeed, in some cases even careful preliminary work does not help. Despite all your efforts and good intentions, the child continues to protest in one form or another against attending kindergarten. What's the matter?
First of all, the baby may not yet have reached the appropriate age (we discussed this issue in detail above). In addition, as already mentioned, a child's attitude towards kindergarten can be greatly damaged by a bad experience visiting a nursery. A conditioned reflex can be triggered here: even a small child remembers (at least on a subconscious, emotional level) that he has already been within these walls and felt bad. If this is the reason, then it is best to postpone going “out into the world” for some more time (at least for six months), while continuing to maintain contact with the kindergarten during this period - go for walks, make friends on “neutral territory” with someone from the kids who go to the same group.
Difficulties in adjusting to kindergarten may also be due to the child’s temperament. Temperament is an innate characteristic; it cannot be changed, but, unfortunately, it can be suppressed and forcibly distorted. Sanguine children usually adapt to a new environment quite well, but choleric and phlegmatic children often have a hard time. Children with a choleric temperament turn out to be too active and noisy, but slow phlegmatic people can suffer even more - they simply cannot keep up with the others. And in kindergarten it’s important to keep up: eat on time, get dressed or undressed on time, complete some task...
Carefully observe your baby, ask the teacher about how exactly the child spends the day in the group. And if you decide that difficulties in adaptation are associated precisely with a temperament that is “inconvenient” for kindergarten, be sure to discuss this with the teachers. Explain to them that the child behaves in an “inappropriate” way not because he is guilty of something, but because he cannot do otherwise.
Do not hesitate to be persistent and firm, informing the teachers that your phlegmatic little one should under no circumstances be constantly teased, urged, and even more so scolded for being slow. Tell them (and, of course, keep in mind yourself) that under pressure from adults, a phlegmatic child only becomes even more slow and passive.
His nervous system functions in such a way that when there is excessive stimulation, the “emergency braking” is activated, and the child falls into real prostration. But if such a child is not disturbed, he knows how to finish what he starts, is calm and balanced, neat and reliable. As for slowness, it will gradually smooth out as the child grows and develops. The pace of activity of a phlegmatic person will still be somewhat reduced compared to sanguine people and especially choleric people - the pace, but not the effectiveness! While a hasty choleric person will put on all his clothes inside out and upside down twice, and the teacher will finally change his clothes correctly, the phlegmatic child will just have time to fasten all the buttons once, but correctly and accurately, and even, perhaps, tie his shoelaces. All this must be explained to the teachers so that they remember: the less they tug and rush your “slow mover”, the faster he will “straighten out”, get used to the kindergarten environment and begin to have time to do everything he needs.
But what to do with those hasty choleric people who don’t sit still for a second and in general often resemble a small tornado? It is clear that such a temperament does not cause much enthusiasm among kindergarten teachers. But again, it is necessary to talk with the staff and explain that the baby is “rambunctious” not due to a lack of upbringing, but due to innate personality traits. Tell the teachers that it would be good for your “hurricane” child to be involved in some kind of active activity if possible. If he scattered toys, he will probably collect them with the same pleasure and speed - if you ask him and not force him. As a rule, in kindergartens, children are still allowed to move quite freely - to run and jump (they are allowed, if only because it is impossible to force twenty three-year-olds to sit on chairs for a long time and quietly!).
If you come across very strict teachers who require children to stand in one place during walks or walk back and forth in pairs, well, in this case it is best to look for other teachers. (This, by the way, applies not only to the problems of choleric children! Drilling, suppression, and severe restriction of natural activity are harmful for any child, regardless of temperament.)
Finally, when looking for the reasons for your child’s poor adaptability to kindergarten, think about this: do you easily adapt to new conditions? Do you like to be in noisy companies? If a child grows up in a society of closed, less sociable parents, then most likely he himself will prefer quiet games alone. An ordinary crowded kindergarten may indeed be contraindicated for such a child, but at the same time he should under no circumstances be left in isolation! It certainly needs to be “brought into the light”, although this must be done unobtrusively and carefully, in small “doses”. It’s a good idea to place such a “recluse” in a play group where there are few children and where you don’t have to spend the whole day.
Who's better off staying home?
Children who are weakened, often ill (even before any kindergarten!), or children with an unstable nervous system should not be sent to an ordinary, standard kindergarten. This does not mean that such children should not be sent anywhere at all. You just need to take into account that if your baby is not very healthy, this means he is hypersensitive and vulnerable. You need to approach him with special caution, and choose a kindergarten even more carefully than in the case of an “ordinary” (if there are such a thing in the world!) child. There are special health-improving kindergartens, but you should not rely on the name alone: if there are fifteen people in a group and one teacher for two shifts, visiting such a kindergarten will not bring your child much health benefits.
If you don’t plan to spend the next few years on sick leave to care for your child, put off your dreams of a kindergarten for the time being and start “healing” your baby on your own: watch his routine and nutrition, take more walks, if the doctors allow, start tempering him. Try to find opportunities for your child to attend some kind of “development school” or play group at least a couple of times a week. If this is absolutely impossible, at least go out with him so that he can little by little break away from you and learn that the world around him is wide and not dangerous.
Video from Yana Happiness: interview with psychology professor N.I. Kozlov
Topics of conversation: What kind of woman do you need to be to get married successfully? How many times do men get married? Why are there not enough normal men? Childfree. Parenting. What is love? A fairy tale that could not have happened better. Payment for the opportunity to be near a beautiful woman.
For the first time I encountered the question of registering a child for kindergarten three weeks after giving birth. I remember very well that October day when, with a baby in my arms, I arrived at the MFC in my district to solve all the problems in one fell swoop (I must say, I succeeded).
I also remember endless discussions of queues for those same kindergartens on parent forums, criteria for choosing educational institutions, the emergence of a normal electronic queue, the transfer of registering children for kindergarten from the MFC to OSIPs, the abolition of OSIPs...
Today, almost 5 years after the first attempts to introduce an electronic queue for admission to preschool institutions, this system has begun to function quite clearly. But young parents still have questions about the algorithm of actions when enrolling their child in kindergarten. Let's try to figure out what moms and dads of a future preschooler might need.
Step 1 - We prepare the first documents
As soon as your baby is born, you have to notify the state that it has a new citizen, and the city has a new resident. To do this, you should go to the Multifunctional Center (MFC) at your place of stay. There they will issue you: a birth certificate, a registration certificate - form No. 8, as well as SNILS. You will need to provide all these documents in originals upon admission to the desired preschool educational institution.
If there is no MFC in your city or region yet, then you will have to go to three institutions at once to get documents: the civil registry office will issue a Birth Certificate, the territorial branch of the Federal Migration Service will issue a document on permanent registration, and at the Pension Fund office you can get SNILS. The total waiting time for these documents to be processed is no more than two weeks. SNILS takes the longest to complete, but you will only need it at the time of submitting your documents.
A complete list of MFCs and the services they provide can be found here.
Step 2 - Register on the government services portal
While the necessary documents are being prepared, you have time to register on the portal Or on the portal of public services in your region.
The latter option, as a rule, is more informative, and will be useful to you not only when enrolling your child in kindergarten, but will also help you resolve issues regarding your child’s education in the future.
For example, it was there that I learned that in our area there was an English language club for children from 2.5 years old, in which I was able to immediately enroll my Fedya. And there you can arrange vouchers for recreation and recreation, see the results of Olympiads, find out the results of the Unified State Examination and State Examination, and much more.
While completing the paperwork, it would also be a good idea to decide on the preschool institution to which you want to send your child in the future. Various parent portals will help you with this, where they discuss preschool educational institutions, websites of schools to which kindergartens are assigned (at the entrance to the kindergarten there is always information about the school number, as well as the address of the institution), as well as ordinary word of mouth.
If you are planning to send your child to one of the kindergartens near your home, try to time the walk to coincide with the time when other parents take their children home. Most of them will be happy to share with you their impressions about the teaching staff, the equipment of the kindergarten, nutritional features and information about additional classes. Also, every year in mid-spring, kindergartens organize Open Days, where everyone is invited.
You can find information about these events on information stands at the entrance to the preschool educational institution, as well as on the websites of the parent institutions - schools.
Step 3 - Apply for a Sberbank card (if you don’t have one)
The last point that should be taken care of when preparing documents is issuing a Sberbank card, as well as obtaining its details at the branch where it was opened. This can be done shortly before submitting the original documents. On this card you will receive compensation for paying for kindergarten, established in accordance with Art. 52.2 of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992 No. 3266-1 “On Education”.
The amount returned is small, but the more children you attend kindergarten, the greater the amount of compensation: 20% of the amount contributed for the first child, 50% of the amount contributed for the second child, 70% of the amount contributed for the third and each subsequent child child.
Step 4 - Fill out the electronic application
After receiving all the documents, young parents again need to return to the government services portal of their region to fill out an electronic application. To do this, you need to go to the appropriate section on the website (it may be called “Education, studies” or immediately “Enrolling a child in kindergarten or school”) and, having found the information you are interested in, click on the “Get service” button.
In response, the system will open you a fairly large application, which, if you have all the documents and knowledge, you can fill out fairly quickly.
When filling out the application, correctly indicate the desired year of admission, and also have an idea of the school numbers and addresses of the kindergartens attached to them.
Pay attention to the sections that require you not just to enter data, but to make a certain choice. For example, “Desired year of admission.” Today, to enroll a child in a short-term stay group, he must be at least 1 year 6 months old at the time of September 1 of the expected year of admission, and for a full-time stay group - 2 years 8 months. Based on these calculations, you need to enter the date. For example, if your child was born in July 2016, then on September 1, 2018 he will be able to go to a short-stay group, and from September 1, 2019 - full-time.
It is also important to know the numbers of schools and the addresses of the kindergartens attached to them, where you would like to send your child, since when choosing an educational institution, the system will offer you a choice of three options for the desired place of enrollment: one priority and two additional. When choosing a priority institution, you will also be able to mark your most desired places for enrollment, since the system recognizes all branches assigned to the school by address and allows you to take into account the wishes of parents when choosing a future kindergarten.
When filling out the application, be sure to note whether you have a benefit, if any. This will give you an advantage when providing a place in a preschool institution and the possibility of receiving it before the main queue. The full name of the benefits will be available in the drop-down list when filling out the application.
Step 5 - Submit documents
Review of the electronic application will take some time, after which you will be assigned a number in the queue for enrollment. As a rule, today it is not a priority for admission; the age of your child is much more important, since when he reaches 3 years old, you are required to be given a place in a preschool educational institution. Otherwise, you may well count on compensation.
Formation of groups begins in April-May, and then you may be asked to come and submit original documents. A notification about this usually comes either by email or via SMS to the phone number that you leave when filling out the electronic application. Registration of documents and filling out an application for admission takes about an hour on average, and sometimes more if there is a waiting list. Therefore, it is worth calculating the time that you can spend on this, so as not to rush anywhere and fill everything out calmly.
Don't neglect photocopies and don't forget the originals - the distribution team workers may ask you to come back later if something is missing, and this is valuable time that can be spent on much more pleasant moments than filling out paperwork.
Step 6 - Prepare a medical card
After filling out all the forms and providing documents within a month, you will need to issue a medical card for your child to enter the kindergarten. The local pediatrician will assign you the specialists that you will need to undergo, and the nurse will formalize it by entering the reports given to you, as well as information about the vaccinations given to your child. Calculate your time and do not put off visiting doctors until later. As a rule, it takes at least 1-2 weeks to issue a card.
If you have an exemption from vaccinations for medical reasons or you personally refuse to give them to your child, this cannot be the reason for refusal to issue a card or admission to kindergarten. In such cases, you can write a complaint against the head physician of the clinic and contact the Department of Education in your region.
With the finished card, you will again need to return to the distribution center or take it yourself on September 1 to the nurse of the kindergarten you will go to - check this information when submitting documents. Don’t forget also that on the first day of visiting kindergarten you will need to take with you not only a beautiful bouquet for the teacher, but also a certificate from the children’s clinic about the absence of illness. It is valid for 5 days from the date of receipt and is issued either by a local pediatrician or by the Healthy Childhood polyclinic service.
Hot issues
Kindergarten at your place of residence
Today, there are a number of problems with paperwork that make it difficult for a child to enroll in kindergarten. But the main one is the possibility of obtaining a place in the garden not at the place of permanent registration, but at the place of residence.
Those who have permanent registration in their locality, but do not live at the place of registration, have the opportunity to enter the desired preschool educational institutions, but in the list of those wishing to enter they will be at the very end, since priority will be given to beneficiaries and children with permanent registration at the place of residence.
But for children with temporary registration, the chances of getting into a preschool educational institution in another region are almost zero. For example, over the past 4 years, not a single child with a similar problem has received a place in any Moscow kindergarten. Parents of such children, unfortunately, have few options - either go to a private kindergarten, or hire a nanny, since so far this situation is not being resolved in their favor.
Children born in late autumn - early spring
Very often, parents of such children are denied admission to kindergarten from September 1, since the children do not reach the required age. With the GKP, unfortunately, this issue is resolved a little problematically, but in this case they may offer to go full-time from the middle of the year. This point can be clarified in the preschool educational institution you wish to enroll in.
I wish you an easy path to achieving your goals, and your kids - health! Let kindergarten be only a joy for them!
“I feel terribly sorry for Mitka.” He’s so homely, such a mom,” Natasha says to another mother on the playground, while Mitka and her girl are playing in the sand. “I remember how I cried when they sent me to kindergarten.” Mom says the teachers complained that I sat in the locker room under the door and waited for hours for my mother. But it’s impossible not to go to work, and so I lost all my qualifications. And somehow four of us on one officer’s salary...
“I don’t know, we have such a good kindergarten,” another mother thinks. – And the pool, and they sing songs, and all sorts of creative activities. I don’t have enough imagination or capabilities for half of this.
Natasha sighs.
Many of us have memories of kindergarten, of all kinds. Some remember the porridge with lumps and how those who distinguished themselves were put to bed under a portrait of Lenin, while others remember their favorite teacher, and still maintain friendships with their classmates.
Unfortunately, when deciding whether to send their child to kindergarten or not, parents are guided primarily by their own experience, and this is wrong. Your experience is not your child's experience. Just because you felt abandoned and lonely in the garden, it does not at all follow that your child will suffer the same fate. And vice versa, if your memories of kindergarten are painted exclusively in warm colors, it is not a fact that your son or daughter will love it too. The choice should be made carefully, consciously and without emotions, scrupulously summing up all the pros and cons.
Pros of home education
It is no secret that each child develops individually. At the same time, in some ways he turns out to be more successful than his peers, but in others he lags behind them. Any work in a group is a kind of Procrustean bed: the child is forced to work at the pace of the group, which means slowing down where he could easily accelerate, and skipping what he did not have time to understand. By developing your child at home, you can work at a pace convenient for him, which is much more effective.
At the same time, by choosing home education, you gain a free schedule - there is no need to get up early every day and go somewhere, regardless of the weather. You can wait until the child wakes up in every sense and then start working with him. However, this is also a kind of “rake”. Regular attendance at kindergarten still disciplines not only the child, but also his parents.
You buy your child those toys that you consider necessary, excluding, for example, Spider-Man or children's playing cards from his gaming “diet” (there are such).
Of course, no one can feed your mother better and tastier! This is especially important if the child is prescribed dietary restrictions, for example, with food allergies. However, this rule applies if the mother understands what kind of nutrition her child actually needs, and does not raise Donut and Syrup from Nosov’s fairy tales.
Obviously, it’s safer at home, and besides, in kindergartens, children often get sick, infecting each other.
And here’s another, perhaps, most compelling argument in favor of a preschooler staying within the walls of the house: they won’t teach you anything bad here! Moreover, I am convinced that the first thing to be wary of is what adults, not children, will say to a child in kindergarten. Adults are different, especially since there is a shortage of personnel in the field of preschool education today. An offensive word casually thrown by a tired teacher can seriously injure a child, leading to the development of neuroses, enuresis or stuttering.
However, at the same time, the parent who remains at home with the child must realize that he “went to work” at the same time as a teacher, teacher and nurse. And the responsibility for the comprehensive development of his son or daughter lies solely with him.
Advantages of kindergarten
Do you know at what age a child should learn to count to five? How many calories should I eat per day? How much physical activity does he need? How to choose furniture according to height and what happens if this is not done in time? In kindergarten, the answers to these and similar questions have long been known. The socialization factor is also important: the child must learn to meet peers, play with them, interact in a group, hear and follow the instructions of adults. He must learn to defend his interests and learn to obey and, most importantly, understand the difference between the first and second. All these everyday skills are akin to the skills of driving a car - you can’t master them just at a desk.
Sometimes parents can struggle for years over some banal everyday problem, but the child, upon entering kindergarten, copes with it in a matter of days. For example, in nurseries, children very quickly get used to the potty, begin to dress and eat independently. All that was needed was to set the task for the child a little differently. The most striking example of the fact that from the outside the problem is seen as simpler is a mother who, having just sent her three-year-old son to kindergarten, was surprised to learn: it turns out that for a long time it was possible not to puree all his food. She was a completely adequate and reasonable woman, she simply continued to act by inertia.
A step forward is more than a step back
If everything is fine in the family and the kindergarten is good, then the child’s adaptation takes on average one and a half to two weeks. Remember, however, that during this period children often get sick, and their intellectual development can not only slow down, but even roll back, as if the child dreams of returning to the age when his mother did not leave him with strangers. Here are a few simple rules for speeding up and easing the adaptation process:
1. Never lie! The child does not go “on a visit” or to some “magical place” - he goes to kindergarten. After all, if he understands that you deceived him in this matter, then where is the guarantee that you did not deceive him by promising to return for him? And the fear of being left alone is one of the most serious childhood fears.
2. Long before starting kindergarten, synchronize your child’s routine with the kindergarten routine.
3. If you still have some worries and fears, under no circumstances share them with your child. Don't even show it!
4. Remember that in the first few days you in any case have the right to be in kindergarten with your child.
5. For the first time, leave your child in the garden for no more than two or three hours. It is unacceptable to “throw it away” for the whole day!
6. First, bring the children to the garden in time for a walk. And why do many people advise bringing your child in the morning? In the morning, as a rule, some regime phases are replaced by others. It’s already difficult and scary for the baby, and now he’s faced with a bunch of unfamiliar and incomprehensible rules.
7. When parting, do not forget to reassure your child that you will definitely come back for him and constantly repeat that you love him.
8. When leaving, say goodbye to your child quickly and easily. A long goodbye with a worried expression on your face will cause anxiety, or even panic, in your son or daughter.
9. Give your child his favorite toy that will warm his heart.
10. Tell the teacher the child’s pet name, talk about his home life, and generally get to know the kindergarten staff in advance.
11. During the adaptation period, do not plan vaccinations, visits to the dentist, or other medical procedures that traumatize the child’s psyche.
12. Don’t scold your child for bad behavior! You are adults and you cannot help but understand that it is not he, but his adaptation that is capricious and stubborn.
13. On weekends and holidays, stick to the kindergarten routine.
14. At home, play kindergarten with your child, and let some of the toys be his own. Observe what this toy does and what it says, together with your child, help it find friends and solve your child’s problems through it, focusing the game on positive results.
"The Soul of Your Child"(Nikea Publishing House, 2014)
This book contains 40 questions from parents and answers from 28 experts, among whom are professional psychologists, teachers, priests, and parents of large families. Of course, parent-child relationships are not limited to these 40 questions, but personal advice and little secrets shared by experts will help parents better understand and feel their children, and perhaps even prevent difficulties and conflicts in their relationships with their children.
Enrolling a child in kindergarten is not as simple a task as it might seem at first glance. Many mothers, preparing to return from maternity leave, are surprised to find out that there are no places, and the kindergarten can only accept the baby next year. You can send your child to a private preschool and go to work, but the cost of services from such organizations is quite high. In fact, enrolling your child in a state kindergarten is not so difficult. The main thing is to take care of this in advance and know the intricacies of the registration procedure.
What the law says
If we consider the issue of registering a child for kindergarten in a legal aspect, then the admission procedure is strictly controlled by the state, and certain regulations apply here. The main provisions can be found in the following legal acts:
- Federal Law on Education - No.;
- Federal law regulating the provision of municipal and state services - No.;
- Administrative acts that are established at the regional level by municipal authorities.
Subtleties of the distribution procedure
To improve the quality of services provided, the distribution of children to kindergartens is carried out by an electronic system, which significantly simplifies the processing of incoming applications. This procedure applies in all regions of the country.
According to generally accepted rules, the system divides all children entering preschool educational institutions into 2 main categories:
- Admissions on a general basis.
Based on this principle, the order of priority for providing places in kindergartens for children of all age groups is formed.
Important! There is a separate queue within the preferential category of children. In particular, children and parents who are entitled to Federal benefits enjoy priority enrollment rights. After them come children who are entitled to benefits at the municipal level.
Application deadlines
Features of accepting applications in the regions
Despite such differences, the general principle of enrolling children in kindergartens remains the same for all regions:
- Groups are recruited within the allotted period;
- distribution occurs on a first-come, first-served basis as places become available;
- Preferential categories of citizens enjoy priority enrollment rights.
How to become a waitlist for kindergarten
Parents and legal representatives who have a dependent child of preschool age have the right to enroll their child in kindergarten. At the same time, a clear hierarchy for enrollment is provided.
Children have priority right to admission:
- participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant;
- employees of special risk units, including those who have lost their breadwinner;
- judges and prosecutors;
- employees of the Investigative Committee.
The priority right for admission applies to children:
- from large families;
- disabled children, as well as those dependent on a disabled parent;
- military personnel;
- police officers, including those killed in the line of duty or those who died as a result of a disease acquired in service;
- employees of internal affairs bodies;
- single mothers.
Submitting applications through the MFC
To use this method, you need to go to the branch of the multifunctional center at your place of residence and receive a coupon at the terminal. After this, you need to wait your turn and write an application, presenting the following package of documents to the MFC employee:
- passport;
- birth certificate;
- a certificate of available benefits;
- a medical certificate if the baby needs a correctional development group.
Additional documents include a certificate giving the right to represent the legal interests of the child if the application is not written by one of the parents. In addition, if the child enters a kindergarten located in another area, not at his place of registration, he will have to confirm the fact of his residence in this municipality, for example, add an apartment rental agreement to the general package or show a temporary registration stamp.
After submitting the documents, the certificate can be received in 3-10 days. You can track the availability of available places on the State Services portal.
Do you need information on this issue? and our lawyers will contact you shortly.
Residents of Moscow and St. Petersburg
Parents living in Moscow can submit an application through the website https://www.mos.ru. To do this, you need to find the “SERVICES” section on the start page, then select the subcategories “EDUCATION”, “PRESCHOOL” and “KINDERGARTEN REGISTRATION”.
After submitting an application, the child is assigned a queue number, and parents can track its progress through the website and, if necessary, adjust the application.
There is a similar website for residents of the Northern capital, which can be accessed by following the link https://gu.spb.ru. Applications are also accepted here in electronic format, and it is possible to monitor the progress of the queue.
Deadlines, costs, reasons for refusal and compensation
Let's briefly go over the main issues that interest parents:
- terms of service provision - within 3 days from the moment of receipt of documents, the child must be placed in a queue; if parents apply to the MFC not at their place of permanent residence, the processing time for the request increases to 10 days;
- cost of the service - for submitting documents to register a child in kindergarten, state duty and any other payment is not charged;
- who may be denied - registration is usually denied in case of failure to provide documents, as well as children under 2 months and over 7 years of age;
- - at the Federal level, no financial compensation is provided for failure to provide a place in a kindergarten, although in some regions this practice works at the municipal level.
Step-by-step instructions for registering your child for kindergarten
In order for your baby to be guaranteed to go to kindergarten with a group of his age, you need to take care of his admission immediately after birth. Even if it is assumed that the baby will be at home with the grandmother, it is recommended to submit an application to place the child on the waiting list in any case. Life is changeable, and placing a child in kindergarten if an urgent need arises will be very problematic.
Let's look at the entire registration procedure in detail.
Collecting documents
The best option: contact the MFC, where the necessary paperwork is completed in a “one window” mode, therefore, it takes a minimum of time.
If there is no multifunctional center in the city, you will have to contact the following organizations:
- Civil registry office - birth certificate;
- Federal Migration Service - certificate of permanent registration;
- Social security - a certificate of benefits for extraordinary or priority enrollment of a child in kindergarten.
The average time for preparing the necessary documents is 14 days if the application takes place at the place of actual residence. The originals of the documents required to register a child for kindergarten are submitted to the MFC or the Department of Preschool Education under the city administration. An application for placing a child on the waiting list is written at the place of application.
Create an account on the State Services portal
Thanks to this resource, you can track the status of your submitted application and receive other useful information. In general, the procedure for registering users on the portal is carried out according to a simplified scheme and includes the following steps:
- follow the link https://www.gosuslugi.ru/, then, the section for creating a “Personal Account”, item “REGISTRATION”;
- filling out a form indicating your first and last name, mobile phone number, email;
- receiving a confirmation code to the specified number, which is entered in the section of the site that opens;
- creating a unique password and login for authorized login;
- filling out personal data: passport, SNILS.
A slight difficulty is caused by the fact that in order to receive some services on the site, the user will need to confirm the data specified during registration. This can be done in the following ways:
- when visiting a service center;
- electronic signature;
- by registered mail.
For the vast majority of citizens, the first option is preferable. To use it, you need to find the nearest center on the built-in map and visit it, not forgetting to take your passport and SNILS with you.
Apply for a Sberbank card
This payment instrument will be required to pay for kindergarten or receive compensation if the child is unable to enroll in kindergarten due to lack of available places. You can get a card at any Sberbank branch; you need to have your passport with you. After receiving it, it would be a good idea to immediately ask the employee for your personal account details.
At the moment, it has become very difficult for parents to get into kindergarten, especially into the nursery group. In queue
Today we have to correct the mistakes of the past, return buildings to children and build new kindergartens.
Parents need to get up immediately after receiving the child’s birth certificate from the registry office. All this is connected due to the high birth rate of babies, the lack of kindergartens and mothers going to work due to lack of money. There is a category of citizens who can send their child to kindergarten first or without waiting in line.
What documents are needed:
- baby’s birth certificate;
- passports
parents;
- a document confirming that you have benefits;
- statement;
- may request additional certificates and documents.
Memo
1)
In order to get a ticket to the kindergarten where you want, without a queue or in the first place, you need to write an application to the district administration, to the preschool education office, and have with you documents confirming the benefits, and the rest of the list of documents.
2)
If you have a large family, you have every right to get a place without a queue in kindergarten. The voucher will be given immediately after the allocation of places in kindergarten. Documentary evidence will be required to confirm that you have many children.
3)
If there are disabled children or parents in the family, a place in kindergarten is given out of turn. You need to write an application to the preschool institution and provide documents confirming that your child or you are disabled.
4)
Being an orphan, a foster parent or a guardian who has adopted an orphan, your children have every right to enter kindergarten without waiting in line. You need to write an application and attach a document confirming that you are an orphan, guardian or adoptive parent for children.
5)
If you worked at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and were exposed to radiation while eliminating the accident or suffer from radiation sickness, you can send your children to kindergarten out of turn. Must be documented.
6)
Investigators, police officers, prosecutors, judges, participants in military operations, military personnel, employees of authorities for narcotic and psychotropic drugs and substances can also send their children to kindergarten without a queue.
reviews: 8
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Vita Barni:
01.08.2014
It is not such a problem to put a child on the waiting list for kindergarten, you just need to do it immediately after birth. Of course, if it is already time for the child to go to nursery, and the parents have not worried about this in advance, then this is practically impossible. Preferential categories will also have to do a lot of running around until the documents are completed. I don’t understand why all this paperwork is needed if everything can be done calmly and without nerves.
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Victoria Victoria
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10.08.2014
Girls, when I encountered such a problem, I decided not to send my child to kindergarten at all. At first I sat with the little one myself, and then, when I went to work, I asked my mother. I believe that no one will look after my son better than a grandmother. In addition, he is already weak, often suffers from colds, and in kindergarten he would have picked up a bunch of infections. My friends, who take their children to nurseries, have already been to the hospital several times with chickenpox and rubella.
We, too, have not yet joined the queue, since we do not have a permanent place of residence. Now the little one is one year old, but I can’t predict where we will live when we need to send him to kindergarten. I think that this issue will be resolved in the future with money - no one has yet refused it. Or, as a last resort, he’ll give it to a private garden, maybe that’s even better. So there is always a way out.