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1824-96), prince - Russian diplomat. L. entered the diplomatic service in 1844; initially held various positions in the Russian missions in Berlin and Paris; from 1856 - an adviser to the embassy, and in 1859 - 63 - an envoy to Turkey. In 1863, L. retired and lived in France, continuing to take a close interest in diplomatic issues and carry out some unofficial assignments from the Russian government. In 1878, L. was appointed ambassador to Constantinople, where he had to eliminate a number of difficulties associated with the just ended Russian-Turkish war. In contrast to A. M. Gorchakov, L. believed that if Russia had to make certain concessions, then it was better to make them not to the powers that opposed Russia, but directly to Turkey itself, so as not to irritate her and not push too harsh conditions towards England and Austria-Hungary. L. succeeded in short term establish close ties with the Porte and secure the signing Treaty of Constantinople 1879(see), which confirmed all the articles of the San Stefano Treaty that were not canceled by the Berlin Treaty. In 1879-82 L. - Ambassador to London, and from 1882 - Ambassador to Vienna, where he stayed for about 13 years. During these years, L. was one of the most influential Russian ambassadors, his opinion was carefully listened to in St. Petersburg. In January 1895, L. was moved to Berlin, but stayed in this post for less than 2 months, because after the death of N. K. Girs, he was appointed to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs. The appointment of L. coincided with the end of the Sino-Japanese war and the conclusion Treaty of Shimonoseki 1895(cm.). L. was a supporter of the transfer of the center of gravity of the Russian foreign policy to the Far East. He developed energetic activities to force Japan to soften the terms of the peace treaty. Since England refused to interfere in Japanese-Chinese affairs, and the position of France and Germany was still unclear, L. first put forward the idea of establishing contact with Japan in Chinese affairs and offered to transfer to Russia, in the form of compensation for Japanese conquests, an ice-free port on the Pacific ocean (the port of Lazarev in Korea) and part of Northern Manchuria. This plan met with the approval of Nicholas II. But, having received the consent of France and Germany to a joint demarche on the Shimonoseki peace, L. abandoned this plan and preferred to oust Japan from the Asian mainland. On April 23, 1895, the Russian representative in Tokyo (simultaneously with the French and German) demanded that Japan give up the Liaodong Peninsula. Japan was forced to give in. The change in the Treaty of Shimonoseki was a success for Russian diplomacy, in particular for L.'s policy. The immediate result of this policy was the signing in Moscow on 3.VI. Russian-Chinese treaty(see) about the union and the construction of the CER. A few days later, on June 9, 1896, an agreement was signed with Japan on a joint protectorate over Korea (see below). ), which actually deprived the Japanese government of the pre-eminent position in Korea that it had achieved after the war of 1894-95. L.'s diplomatic success ultimately aggravated Russo-Japanese relations. L. took a close part in the publication of Russian archival historical materials and documents of the 18th and 19th centuries. ("Collected Letters of Prince Bezborodko to Count N.I. Panin", etc.).
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ALEXEY BORISOVICH LOBANOV-ROSTOVSKY
1824–1896) Prince, Russian diplomat and historian. Russia's envoy to Turkey (1859–1863, 1878–1879), where he managed to secure the signing of the Treaty of Constantinople (1879). Ambassador of Russia to Great Britain (1879–1882), Austria (1882–1895), Germany (1895). Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia (1895–1896). Alexei Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky was born on December 30, 1824, on the estate of his mother, Olimpiada Mikhailovna, in the Voronezh province. He was the fourth son of Prince Boris Alexandrovich. Alexei's childhood years were spent in Moscow, where he had a tutor - the Frenchman Demanzho. In 1838, Lobanov-Rostovsky entered the Imperial Alexander Lyceum, from which he graduated in 1844 with a gold medal. In December, he was appointed to the Department of Economic and Accounting Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From the apparatus of the Foreign Ministry, Lobanov was transferred to the foreign service: in 1850-1856 he was the secretary of the mission in Berlin, for the next three years he was the adviser to the mission in Istanbul. In June 1859, Lobanov-Rostovsky was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Ottoman Empire. It was the rarest case in the annals of Russian diplomacy. By 1863, the prince had a number of successful diplomatic actions, for which he received the ranks of state councilor and chamberlain of the court, became a holder of domestic and foreign orders. In 1860 he was transferred to the Ministry of the Interior. Natural abilities, energy, the ability to organize work, as well as Alexander II's obvious favor towards him contributed to official and personal success. The 12 years of Lobanov-Rostovsky's tenure as Deputy Minister are noted in the official list with repeated "highest favors", thanks, and decrees on awarding orders. He devoted a lot of time to historical research and collecting. Close attention to Russian genealogy was based on the prince’s confidence that “family ties played a much greater role in our history than is usually imagined, and that the very course of life depended on them. historical events". The Middle East crisis of the 70s of the XIX century and the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 changed a lot in the system international relations. In April 1878, Lobanov-Rostovsky was again sent to Istanbul as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to negotiate an agreement between the two states, the specific articles of which were not considered at the Berlin Congress. The Sultan expressed satisfaction with the person, the ambassador. “Safet Pasha,” Lobanov-Rostovsky wrote to St. Petersburg, “received me with cordiality. He stated that my appointment is regarded as evidence of His Imperial Majesty's benevolence towards the Sultan and they are counting on me to establish friendly relations between Russia and Turkey. The prince successfully completed his mission in Istanbul, for which he received the rank of active privy councilor and the Order of Alexander Nevsky with diamond pendants. After leaving the shores of the Bosporus, he was appointed ambassador to London, which was caused by the need to improve the sharply aggravated relations between Russia and Great Britain. The tsar also announced that Lobanov-Rostovsky would soon be replaced by Gorchakov. However, fate distributed it in its own way: Alexander II, who died after the explosion of the Narodnaya Volya bomb, was replaced by Alexander III, and the Russian Foreign Ministry was headed by N.K. Gire. Lobanov-Rostovsky also became ambassador to Austria-Hungary. Although in Vienna the Russian ambassador was considered a star of the first magnitude in the diplomatic world, and his track record in these years was marked by the only, but the highest award Russian empire- the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called, the new tsar did not sympathize with Lobanov-Rostovsky. Aleksey Borisovich moved all his extensive collections and a library to the Austrian capital. The activity of the prince in the field of science was highly appreciated: he was elected an honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and an honorary member of the Council of Libraries. The personal library of the prince, numbering more than 8 thousand volumes by the end of his life, entered the library of the Winter Palace after his death. Lobanov-Rostovsky believed that his tenure as ambassador to Austria-Hungary would be long and almost the last in his life. But in October 1894, Alexander III died unexpectedly. In January 1895, Nicholas II signed his credentials to Lobanov as ambassador to Berlin. However, after Stasov, the ambassador in London, resigned from the post of foreign minister, the tsar appointed Lobanov-Rostovsky, a well-educated man with excellent command of languages and a pen, to this post. Lamzdorf emphasized the confidence and calmness of Lobanov-Rostovsky when discussing the most difficult issues, which instilled courage and stimulated, "as if infecting or exercising a magnetic influence." Alexei Borisovich was a witty interlocutor and always had big success among women. After the capture of the Liaodong Peninsula by Japan and the signing of the Treaty of Shimonosek, Lobanov-Rostovsky expressed his view on the further eastern problem in two notes to the tsar dated April 6, 1895. Lobanov-Rostovsky was inclined to think about an agreement with Japan on the basis of compensation at the expense of China. At a special meeting, the point of view of Minister S.Yu. Witte: it was decided to require the Japanese to clear Manchuria, and in case of refusal to obey, not to stop before the use of force. railway required, according to the minister, extreme caution. Lobanov-Rostovsky asked Paris for consent, together with the Russian and German governments, to undertake a demarche in Tokyo - to “friendly advise” Japan to abandon the occupation of the Liaodong Peninsula for appropriate monetary compensation. "Friendly Council" - was to be reinforced by a naval demonstration of the three powers. Lobanov-Rostovsky managed to convince his French colleague G. Ana that Germany's joint actions with Russia did not change anything in the latter's relations with France. He achieved coordinated diplomatic pressure on Tokyo and insisted that the governments send coordinating instructions to the admirals - the commanders of the ships of the three powers in the Pacific. The diplomatic demarche forced Japan to retreat. Lobanov-Rostovsky was very proud of the major diplomatic success achieved at the beginning of his activity. In order to pay indemnity to Japan, China, which was defeated in the war of 1894-1895, needed an external loan, because of which sharp rivalry of the great powers flared up. Lobanov-Rostovsky argued that Russia's main task was to "put China in a certain dependence on us and prevent England from expanding its influence there." Making Chinese finances dependent on England and Germany threatened the appearance of a "second edition of Egypt or even Turkey" on Russia's Asian border. The attempts of London and Berlin to disrupt the Russian-French loan were not successful thanks to Witte and Lobanov-Rostovsky, with whom the former coordinated all diplomatic actions. Since the conclusion of the Russian-French secret alliance in 1891, Paris has repeatedly, but unsuccessfully, sought its announcement. In the spring of 1895, Lobanov-Rostovsky went to meet France halfway in this matter. After an unsuccessful attempt to negotiate with Rothschild on organizing a loan to China, Petersburg in early June turned to the help of the French government. Speaking in the French parliament, G. Anoto spoke for the first time about an “alliance” with Russia, which made a huge impression in Europe. With this clarification, the Chinese loan was easily placed on the Paris market. Alarmed, Wilhelm II decided to put direct pressure on Nicholas II. In letters to the tsar, he advised to be wary of close friendship with the French Republic. By order of the tsar, Lobanov-Rostovsky met with the Kaiser on October 13 in Berlin. But the proposal of Wilhelm II to re-create the Union of the Three Emperors in order to completely “crush France” with their combined efforts met with the objection of the minister. Lobanov-Rostovsky unraveled the plan of Wilhelm II: “This is still the same game to attract Russia to appeal to monarchical and conservative principles, to beckon Constantinople and promise Germany's support in all Eastern affairs. We have already received advances of this kind more than once, they were repeated this time.” From the beginning of the Middle East crisis, in the autumn of 1894, Russian and French diplomats worked closely together in the commission of ambassadors to work out reforms for the Christian population of the Ottoman Empire, counteracting the aspirations of the British to turn the issue into a pan-European one. Petersburg at first tried to avoid pressure on Turkey. Even after the sultan's evasive response in May 1895 to the ambassadors' memorandum with the reform project, Lobanov refused to join the ultimatum proposed by England. “From the very beginning of the Armenian complications,” he argued, “our only goal was to achieve guarantees for ensuring the independence and well-being of the Armenians without compromising the existence of the Ottoman Empire. The power of any government rests not only in its material strength, it is rooted primarily in the prestige that surrounds it. Using the assistance of France, Lobanov-Rostovsky sought to paralyze the separate actions of England. At the same time, he explicitly stated: "Although we have no conquest plans, we still want to have our hands free so that we can protect our interests in the event that they are threatened." In September 1895, after unsuccessful attempts to convince the Sultan to accept the reform project, Russia and France, together with England, moved from requests to demands. Lobanov-Rostovsky's meetings with Anoto helped to coordinate positions. The joint pressure of the powers forced the Sultan to approve the reform project in October. Lobanov-Rostovsky was satisfied with the result. However, the Sultan dragged on with the implementation of reforms. To force him to act, the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs A. Golukhovsky suggested that the powers that signed the Berlin Treaty introduce several ships into the straits. The Sultan refused to let them through. Then London proposed to set a 24-hour deadline for the Porte to issue firmans for the passage of ships. Paris supported the English demarche. Reporting the situation to Nicholas II, Lobanov-Rostovsky wrote on December 5: “Setting a date is very easy; but the question arises: what to do if, after the appointed time, the sultan does not issue firmans? In this case, we will have to agree to forcing the straits. Since in this case the law is completely on our side, on the basis of the Treaty of Paris, I would consider it inevitable to agree to this extreme measure. Like the last possible variant diplomatically, the minister invited the king to turn to the sultan with personal advice not to oppose the passage of the stationers. Nicholas II approved the idea. The king's advice, after some hesitation, was accepted by the sultan. At the beginning of 1896 the situation stabilized. Lobanov-Rostovsky sought to localize it, since the Far Eastern direction of politics, which was increasingly coming to the fore, demanded stability in the Balkans and the Middle East. One of the urgent tasks - the restoration of relations with Bulgaria - was resolved at the beginning of 1896. In 1896, a secret Russian-Chinese agreement was signed on the joint construction of the CER, as well as the Lobanov-Yamagata protocol. S.Yu. played a decisive role in concluding an alliance treaty with China. Witte. However, Witte's oral agreement with Li Hongzhang needed to be formalized in writing by the Minister of Foreign Affairs. At the same time, according to Witte, Lobanov-Rostovsky surprised him with "his natural abilities." The prince, after listening to the terms of the agreement, immediately wrote its text point by point. Witte, struck by the accuracy, consistency, excellent form of presentation, did not make any corrections. Lobanov-Rostovsky sought to provide Russia with more favorable conditions for communication with its possessions in the Far East. He saw the solution to the problem in the neutralization of the Suez Canal, which was prevented by the monopoly position of England in Egypt. The minister counted on the support of France. Back in March 1896, the minister declared British Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs R. Salisbury that the questions of Egypt directly affected the interests of Russia. Receiving no answer at the time, Lobanov returned to the problem in June, setting out the motives that guided St. Petersburg: "Since the interests of Russia in the Far East began to develop, the issue of free passage of ships through the Suez Canal has become of paramount importance to us." He argued that although "the Siberian railway is intended, among other things, to facilitate the transportation of our ground forces, but it will not affect the maritime transport, which is required in view of the progressive development of our relations with the Far East." Lobanov-Rostovsky hoped to achieve the interests of Russia, to maintain normal relations with England. “Apparently, by the autumn of 1896, Lobanov had developed a specific foreign policy program,” writes historian I.S. Rybachenok. - In the Middle East, using the "concert" of the great powers, and first of all the alliance with France, it is necessary to maintain, as long as possible, the status quo, delaying the collapse of the Ottoman Empire; in the Balkans, to maintain stability through joint efforts with Austria-Hungary; oppose England in Egypt, seeking freedom of navigation through the Suez Canal and trying to attract Germany to Franco-Russian cooperation in this matter. An important role in the implementation of these plans was assigned to the exchange of views with the heads of foreign affairs agencies during Nikolai's trip to Europe. The Minister was preparing for negotiations in Vienna, Berlin, London, and especially in Paris. The minister failed to carry out the planned program. On August 30, 1896, he died of a heart attack. The domestic and foreign press lamented the loss of "the wise and prudent leader of Russia's foreign policy" just at a time when European diplomacy faced a number of serious problems. The funeral took place in the Novospassky Monastery in Moscow. In the Church of the Sign - the tomb of the princes Lobanov-Rostovsky - in a narrow side aisle, the last grave remained: after the funeral on September 7, 1896, the coffin with the body of the great diplomat was lowered there.
Life story
Prince, Russian diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs. The family of the princes Lobanov-Rostovsky, rooted in the beginning of the XIV century, was one of the oldest in the Russian nobility. At the age of 15, the young prince entered the Imperial Alexander (formerly Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum) Lyceum, which he graduated in 1844 with a second gold medal. In December of the same year, with the assignment of the rank of IX class, he was assigned to the Department of Economic and Accounting Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Then began a fairly quick and successful promotion through the ranks with the receipt of ranks and awards. From the apparatus of the Foreign Ministry, Lobanov was transferred to the foreign service: in 1850-56. he was the secretary of the mission in Berlin, for the next three years he was the adviser of the mission in Constantinople. In June 1859, at the age of only 35, he was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Porte Ottoman. For a number of successful diplomatic actions, Lobanov received the ranks of state councilor and chamberlain of the court and became a holder of several domestic and foreign orders. In 1866 he was transferred to the Ministry of the Interior. Natural abilities, energy, the ability to organize work, as well as a clear favor for Lobanov Alexander II contributed to his personal and official success.
Changes in the system of international relations after the Middle East crisis and the Russo-Turkish war required a new foreign policy line of Russia in Turkey, and in April 1878 A.B. Lobanov was sent to Constantinople as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to negotiate an agreement between the two states. For the brilliantly accomplished mission, the prince received the rank of active privy councilor and the Order of Alexander Nevsky with diamond pendants. He was then appointed ambassador to London, but the tsar explicitly stated that Lobanov would soon replace Gorchakov in the management of the Foreign Ministry. However, after the explosion of a bomb by the Narodnaya Volya on the Catherine Canal, the deceased Alexander II was replaced by Alexander III and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was headed by N.K. for 13 years. Gears. Lobanov also became ambassador to Austria-Hungary. By the 40th anniversary of his service, he received the highest award of the Russian Empire, the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called, but the new tsar did not sympathize with one of the best Russian diplomats. In 1894, Alexander III died unexpectedly, and Lobanov, after a behind-the-scenes struggle, was appointed by Nicholas II, first as ambassador to Berlin, then as head of the ministry, and soon as sovereign minister of foreign affairs. A well-educated man, excellent in languages and a pen, a secular nobleman, a finely educated and witty interlocutor, he confidently carried out the general leadership of the Foreign Ministry. The prince hoped to serve at the ministerial post for at least two or three years, but fate took him only one and a half. Alexei Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky died suddenly of a heart attack on August 18, 1896.
Prince A.B. Lobanov-Rostovsky headed the Foreign Ministry at a very difficult time, when Russia's positions in the Balkans were significantly weakened, the Middle East crisis was brewing, and in the Far East, Japan sought to seize the Korean Peninsula, which would lead to Russia losing free access to the Pacific Ocean. According to Lobanov, an active policy aimed at acquiring an ice-free port on the Pacific Ocean and annexing some part of Manchuria for more convenient construction of the Siberian railway required extreme caution: “We must refrain from any hostile influence against Japan, apart from other powers, so as not to spoil good relations with her for the future. The minister was inclined to think about an agreement with Japan on the basis of compensation at the expense of China. The capture of Liaodong by the Japanese and the terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki complicated Russia's position in the Far East. A.B. Lobanov achieved concerted diplomatic pressure from France, Germany and Russia on Tokyo, which forced Japan to moderate its claims. Together with S.Yu. Witte, he organized a Russian-French loan to the Chinese government. The Minister leaned towards closer contacts with France.
During the Middle East crisis, Lobanov, using the assistance of France, sought to localize it and paralyze the separate actions of England. At the same time, he explicitly stated: "Although we have no conquest plans, we still want to have our hands free so that we can protect our interests in the event that they are threatened." The foreign policy program of the Minister of Foreign Affairs included the preservation by collective efforts of the integrity of the Ottoman Empire and the existing status of the straits, the maintenance of stability in the Balkans and the active expansion of Russian influence in the Far East. The prince held important negotiations in Vienna, Berlin, Paris. The main result of Lobanov's activities as a minister was the strengthening of allied relations with France.
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| February 26, 1895 - August 18, 1896 | |||||
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| Monarch: | Nicholas II | ||||
| Predecessor: | Nikolay Girs | ||||
| Successor: | Nikolai Shishkin | ||||
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| Birth: | December 18 (30)(1824-12-30
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Voronezh province |
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Shepetovka, Rivne Uyezd, Volyn Governorate |
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prince Alexei Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky(December 18 (30), Voronezh province - August 18 (30), Shepetovka station, Rivne district, Volyn province, buried in Moscow) - Russian diplomat and genealogist. Rurikovich from the Lobanov-Rostovsky family; actual privy councillor.
Biography
The son of chamberlain Boris Alexandrovich Lobanov-Rostovsky, who for some time owned the Pekhra-Yakovlevskoye estate, and his wife Olimpiada Mikhailovna, nee Borodina. Nephew of the Ryazan governor A. A. Lobanov-Rostovsky. The elder brother Mikhail was married to the daughter of Field Marshal Paskevich-Erivansky. Alexey Borisovich himself was not married, he did not leave children.
Temporarily resigned from the diplomatic department in March 1863. Appointed Oryol civil governor (-), deputy minister of internal affairs (-), and temporarily managed the ministry in July-October 1867. Chairman of the Commission "on cases of split" at the Ministry of Internal Affairs (- and years).
Returned to diplomatic service after the Russo-Turkish War. He was Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Constantinople (-), London (-) and Vienna (-). On January 6 (18), 1895, he was appointed ambassador to Berlin, but, not having time to assume these duties, on February 26 (March 10) of the same year he was called to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Historical interests
A lover of Russian antiquity, Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky compiled a collection of books, autographs and materials on the history of Russia, mainly of the 18th century, including a collection of authentic letters from Prince A. A. Bezborodko to Count N. I. Panin and collections of materials related to the history of the reign Paul I, about which he compiled an extensive study, which was not available for sale. In France, Lobanov-Rostovsky published studies on the diaspora of French legitimists:
- Memoires du Marquis de Vaudreuil and
- "Histoire des emigres".
When he was a friend of the Minister of the Interior, Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky received for his exclusive use the famous archive of Prince P.V. Dolgorukov. From the composition of this archive, historical anecdotes and other unpublished documents of P. F. Karabanov were published by him in Russkaya Starina. From the same collection come 247 murals of noble families that made up the Russian Genealogical Book. Originally published in "Russian Antiquity" in 1873-1876. without the name of the author, the genealogical book was published in 1895 in the second, completely revised and significantly supplemented edition.
Lobanov-Rostovsky also owned a collection of portraits and coins, in which the collection of Russian coins minted in Königsberg during its occupation by Russian troops during the Seven Years' War (1758-1761) is especially interesting. The prince's collection contained two versions of the painting by Louis Caravaque "Portrait of Princess Elizaveta Petrovna in Childhood" (now in the collection of the Russian Museum).
Compositions
- Lobanov-Rostovsky A. B. // Russian antiquity, 1882. - T. 35. - No. 11. - P. 440.
- Lobanov-Rostovsky A. B. // Russian antiquity, 1888. - T. 57. - No. 3. - S. 729-750.
- Lobanov-Rostovsky A. B. Russian genealogical book: In 2 volumes. - St. Petersburg. : Edition of A. S. Suvorin, 1895. Runiverse
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Notes
Literature
- Lobanov-Rostovsky, Alexei Borisovich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
- . - St. Petersburg. : Type of. Isidor Goldberg, 1897. - S. 46.
- Umansky A. M.- St. Petersburg, 1896.
| Predecessor: Nikolai Karlovich Girs |
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia - |
Successor: Nikolai Pavlovich Shishkin |
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An excerpt characterizing Lobanov-Rostovsky, Alexei Borisovich
“You killed him,” Stella whispered sadly.I froze, staring at my girlfriend ... It was not the “sunny” Stella, who was “in without fail“she felt sorry for everyone, and would never make anyone suffer! .. But, apparently, the pain of loss, like mine, caused her an unconscious feeling of anger “at everyone and everything”, and the baby was not yet able to do this in herself to control.
– Me?!.. – exclaimed the stranger. But that can't be true! I have never killed anyone!
We felt that he was telling the pure truth, and we knew that we had no right to shift the blame on him. Therefore, without even saying a word, we smiled together and immediately tried to quickly explain what really happened here.
The man was in a state of absolute shock for a long time ... Apparently, everything he heard sounded wild to him, and certainly did not coincide with what he really was, and how he treated such a terrible evil that did not fit into normal human frames. ...
- How can I compensate for all this?! .. After all, I can’t do it? And how to live with it?!.. - he clutched his head... - How many I killed, tell me!.. Can anyone say that? What about your friends? Why did they go for it? But why?!!!..
- So that you can live as you should ... As you wanted ... And not as someone wanted ... To kill the Evil that killed others. Because, probably ... - Stella said sadly.
“Forgive me, dear ones... Forgive me... If you can...” the man looked completely killed, and I was suddenly “pricked” with a very bad premonition...
- Well, I do not! I exclaimed indignantly. “Now you must live!” Do you want to nullify all their sacrifice?! Don't even dare to think! Now you will do good instead of them! That will be right. And leaving is the easiest thing. And you no longer have that right.
The stranger stared at me dumbfounded, apparently not expecting such a violent outburst of "righteous" indignation. And then he smiled sadly and said quietly:
- How did you love them! .. Who are you, girl?
My throat was very tight and for some time I could not squeeze out a word. It was very painful because of such a heavy loss, and, at the same time, I was sad for this "restless" person, who would be oh so difficult to exist with such a burden...
- I am Svetlana. And this is Stella. We're just walking around here. We visit friends or help someone when we can. True, now there are no friends left ...
- Forgive me, Svetlana. Although it probably won't change anything if I ask your forgiveness every time... What happened happened, and I can't change anything. But I can change what happens, can't I? - the man glared at me with his blue eyes, like the sky, and, smiling, with a sad smile, said: - And one more thing ... You say that I am free in my choice? .. But it turns out - not so free, dear .. Rather, it looks like atonement for guilt ... With which I agree, of course. But it's your choice that I have to live for your friends. Because they gave their lives for me.... But I didn't ask for it, did I?.. Therefore, it's not my choice...
I looked at him, completely dumbfounded, and instead of “proud indignation” that was ready to immediately escape from my lips, I gradually began to understand what he was talking about ... No matter how strange or insulting it may sound - but all this was the real truth! Even if I didn't like it at all...
Yes, I was very hurt for my friends, for the fact that I would never see them again ... that I would no longer have our wonderful, “eternal” conversations with my friend Luminary, in his strange cave filled with light and warmth ... that the funny places found by Dean will no longer be shown to us by laughter Maria, and her laughter will not sound like a cheerful bell ... And it was especially painful that this completely unfamiliar person would now live instead of them ...
But, again, on the other hand, he did not ask us to interfere ... He did not ask us to die for him. Didn't want to take someone's life. And now he will have to live with this heaviest burden, trying to “pay off” with his future actions the guilt, which in reality was not his fault ... Rather, it was the fault of that terrible, unearthly creature who, having captured the essence of our stranger, killed "right and left."
But it certainly wasn't his fault...
How was it possible to decide who was right and who was wrong, if the same truth was on both sides? somehow decide only between “yes” and “no” ... Since in each of our actions there were too many different sides and opinions, and it seemed incredibly difficult to find the right answer, which would be right for everyone ...
Do you remember anything at all? Who were you? What is your name? How long have you been here? - to get away from a sensitive, and no one pleasant topic, I asked.
The stranger thought for a moment.
My name was Arno. And I only remember how I lived there, on Earth. And I remember how I "left" ... I died, didn't I? And after that I can’t remember anything else, although I would very much like to ...
- Yes, you "left" ... Or died, if you prefer. But I'm not sure if this is your world. I think you should inhabit the "floor" above. This is the world of "crippled" souls... Those who killed someone or seriously offended someone, or even simply deceived and lied a lot. This is a terrible world, probably the one that people call Hell.
“Where are you from then?” How could you get here? Arno was surprised.
- It's a long story. But this is really not our place ... Stella lives at the very "top". Well, I'm still on Earth...
- How - on Earth ?! he asked dumbfounded. – This means – you are still alive?.. But how did you end up here? Yes, even in such horror?
“Well, to be honest, I don’t like this place too much either ...” I shivered, smiling. – But sometimes there are very good people. And we are trying to help them, as we helped you ...
- And what should I do now? I don't know anything here... And, as it turned out, I also killed. This means that this is exactly my place... Yes, and someone should take care of them, - Arno said affectionately patting one of the kids on the curly head.
The kids stared at him with ever-increasing confidence, but the girl generally grabbed on like a tick, not intending to let him go ... She was still quite tiny, with big gray eyes and a very funny, smiling face of a cheerful monkey. In normal life, on the “real” Earth, she must have been a very sweet and affectionate, beloved child. Here, after all the horrors she had experienced, her clean, laughing face looked exhausted and pale to the limit, and in gray eyes horror and longing lived constantly... Her brothers were a little older, probably 5 and 6 years old. They looked very scared and serious, and unlike their little sister, did not express the slightest desire to communicate. The girl, the only one of the trio, apparently was not afraid of us, as she quickly got used to her “newly-born” friend, already quite briskly asked:
Obituary
We report the most accurate information about the activities of Prince Alexei Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky, who died on August 19.
A descendant of an old and noble family, which gave Russia a number of statesmen, the late prince was born in Moscow on December 18, 1824 and was brought up in the Imperial Alexander Lyceum. After graduating from the lyceum with a gold medal in 1844, he entered the service in the Department of Economic and Accounting Management under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the following year he received the position of second secretary, and from 1847 - the position of first secretary in the office of the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Conferred with the rank of chamber junker, Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky in 1850 was appointed junior adviser to our mission in Berlin, and from there he was transferred to Constantinople, where from 1859 to 1863 he was envoy extraordinary to the Ottoman Porte. After moving to the Ministry of the Interior, the prince briefly held the position of the Oryol governor (1866), but for a longer time he was a deputy minister of the interior (1867-1878) and took part in the development of legislative issues, for example, on the reorganization of provincial and county institutions, on drafting city status and on matters of schism, and was granted the title of senator and secretary of state. At the end of the Russian-Turkish war, Prince A. B. Lobanov-Rostovsky again entered the diplomatic field in the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary in Constantinople (1878), London (1879-1882), Vienna (1882-1895) and Berlin (1895). As soon as he received an appointment to be ambassador in Berlin (January 6), as on February 26 he was called to take the highest post of Minister of Foreign Affairs and held it until his death.
In addition to many years of diplomatic and administrative activity, the late prince is known for his scientific and literary works. They printed a series historical notes in "Russian Antiquity", but separately published: "The reign of Emperor Paul I", "Mémoires du marquis de Voudreuil", "Histore des émigrés" and "Russian Genealogical Book", two editions (St. Petersburg, 1873-1875; 1895, two volumes). For these works, the deceased was elected an honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and the Public Library.
Prince A. B. Lobanov-Rostovsky had his own extensive library, a wonderful collection of portraits and a rich collection of old coins.
("Moscow Vedomosti", 1896, No. 235.)
Bibliography
About him:
"Russian Word", 1896, No. 224, 225.
Moscow Vedomosti, 1896, No. 228, 229, 232, 233.
"New Time", 1896, No. 7356, 7357, 7360.
"Russian Review", 1896, book. 9, p. 468-470.
"Russian Archive", 1896, book. 12, p. 593-630.
"Historical Bulletin", 1896, book. 10, p. 293-315.
"News", 1896, No. 234.
"Week", 1896, No. 347.
"Birzhevye Vedomosti", 1896, No. 231.
"Russian Vedomosti", 1896, No. 229.
"St. Petersburg Vedomosti", 1896, No. 282.
"Russian Antiquity", 1896, book. 12, p. 687-692.
"Proceedings of the Russian Genealogical Society", 1903, no. II.
Lobanov-Rostovsky, Prince Alexei Borisovich
statesman, b. December 18, 1824, was brought up in the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Was an envoy in Constantinople (1859-63), Oryol Governor(1866), Deputy Minister of the Interior (1887-78), Ambassador to Constantinople (1878-79), London (1879-82) and Vienna (1882-95). On January 6, 1895, he was appointed ambassador to Berlin, but, not having time to assume these duties, on February 26 of the same year he was called to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs. A lover of domestic antiquity, Prince. L.-Rostovsky compiled a remarkable collection of books, autographs and materials on the history of Russia, mainly the 18th century, including a collection of genuine letters from Prince. Beardless to gr. N.P. Panin and precious collections of materials relating to the history of the reign of Paul I, about which he compiled an extensive study, which was not available for sale. In "Russian Antiquity" book. L.-Rostovsky published a collection of historical stories by P. F. Karabanov and a number of notes based on unpublished documents belonging to him. In France, Prince L.-Rostov ed. "Mémoires du marquis de Vaudreuil" and "Histoire des émigrés". He also owns the "Russian Genealogical Book", originally published by "Russian Antiquity" in 1873-76. without the name of the author, and in 1895 published the second completely revised and significantly supplemented edition. Book. L.-Rostovsky also owns a remarkable collection of portraits and coins, in which the collection of Russian coins minted in Koenigsberg during its occupation by Russian troops (1758-61) is especially interesting.
(Brockhaus)
Lobanov-Rostovsky, Prince Alexei Borisovich (addition to the article)
(Brockhaus)
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See what "Lobanov-Rostovsky, Prince Alexei Borisovich" is in other dictionaries:
Alexey Borisovich Lobanov Rostovsky ... Wikipedia
Lobanov Rostovsky, Alexey Borisovich statesman and historian (1824 1896). He was educated at the Alexander Lyceum. He has held various positions in our missions in Paris and Berlin. From 1859 to 1863 he was an envoy in Constantinople, ... ... Biographical Dictionary
- (1824 96) prince, Russian statesman, diplomat, honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1876). In 1882 95 Ambassador to Vienna, in 1895 96 Minister of Foreign Affairs. Proceedings. history, genealogy... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Prince, Russian diplomat. In the diplomatic service since 1844. He was ambassador to Turkey (1859≈63, 1878), Great Britain (1879≈82), Austria Hungary ... ...
Alexei Borisovich (18.XII.1824 18.VIII.1896), prince, Russian. diplomat, foreign minister affairs of Russia in 1895 96. At the diplomatic. service since 1844. Was ambassador to Turkey, England, Austria-Hungary, Germany. Feb 26 1895 was appointed manager of the mine and on March 6 ... ... Soviet historical encyclopedia
Alexei Borisovich (1824-96), prince, statesman, diplomat, honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1876). In 1882 95 Russian ambassador in Vienna, in 1895 96 Minister of Foreign Affairs. Proceedings on the history, genealogy of Russian noble families. Source: ... ... Russian history
Alexei Borisovich, prince, Russian diplomat. In the diplomatic service since 1844. He was ambassador to Turkey (1859 63, 1878), Great Britain ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Lobanov Rostov surname. Lobanov Rostov princely family. Known carriers: Prince Lobanov of Rostov, Ivan Ivanovich (smaller), son of Ivan Alexandrovich, killed in battle near Orsha, (1514) Prince Lobanov of Rostov, Pyotr Semyonovich († in ... Wikipedia
- (1824 1896), prince, statesman, diplomat, honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1876). In 1882 95 the Russian ambassador in Vienna, in 1895 96 the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Works on history, genealogy. * * * LOBANOV ROSTOVSKY Alexey Borisovich LOBANOV ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
- (December 18 (30), 1824, Voronezh province August 18 (30), 1896, Shepetovka station, Rivne district, Volyn province, buried in Moscow) prince, diplomat, Russian statesman. He was educated at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. On ... ... Wikipedia
Books
- Russian genealogical book. Volume One, Alexey Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky. Alexei Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky (1824-1896) Russian prince, statesman. A lover of Russian antiquity, Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky compiled a collection of books, autographs and ...