To say that campsis is beautiful is to say nothing. And no photo can convey the beauty of this plant with bright red-orange flowers that adorn it all summer. Those who just want to plant campsis in their garden in the open field should know more about all the intricacies of plant care. This will be discussed in the article on campsis. Here you will find a detailed description of the secrets of care - from planting to wintering.
Campsis is also called "Tubeflower" or "Tekoma". This is a tree-like perennial deciduous liana, which, along a high trellis, can rise to a height of 15 m.
Kampsis can "disguise" any fence or even a building in a summer cottage The shoots of the plant have the peculiarity of spiraling around the support. Having become older and stiff, they resemble the trunks of bizarre fairy-tale trees. Young shoots have juicy green leaves and paniculate inflorescences, collected from large bright orange or scarlet tubular flowers resembling gramophones. The plant blooms all summer: from June to September.
Two types of plants are known:
- rooting kampsis - native to North America;
Kampsis rooting - kampsis grandiflora - grows in natural conditions in China.
Campsis grandiflora Landing kampsis
In order for the campsis to reveal itself in all its glory, it needs a lot of heat and light, so it is advisable to choose well-lit places for planting.
Tekoma can grow on any soil, but for beautiful and abundant flowering, it needs fertile and loose soil with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction, since poor and dry soil will not give the plant the necessary strength for full development. Therefore, if the land on the site is not nutritious, then in the fall it is necessary to prepare the site for spring planting.
To do this, you need to dig a hole with a diameter of about 50 cm and a depth of 55-60 cm, add half a bucket of humus and 0.5 liters of complex mineral fertilizer to the extracted soil, mix everything. For drainage, it is advisable to pour fine gravel, expanded clay or sand at the bottom of the pit, pour soil on top and leave until spring.
If you want to plant several plants, then plant them so that they do not interfere with each other. In early April, when the threat of frost has passed, seedlings with hatched buds can already be planted in open ground. To do this, the seedling must be lowered into the hole, gently spread the roots, covered with earth and lightly tamped. Then water and mulch with peat in a circle.
If the soil is quite suitable, then the campsis is planted in the spring directly in open ground. To do this, you need to dig a hole 2 times larger than the root system of a young plant. Then deepen it into the hole, sprinkle it well with earth, tamp and water generously.
Important! In advance, you need to provide a support along which the vine will twist.
Liana care
Kampsis care consists of watering, fertilizing, pruning and ensuring a safe wintering.
Watering. Although campsis is a drought-resistant plant, it should be watered regularly, especially during hot dry days, but not particularly zealously and often, so as not to overmoisten the roots.
Feeding Kampsis is not necessary if the soil is fertile enough. Top dressing. The plant does not need to be fed, but if the soil is not fertile enough, then the applied nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers will ensure abundant flowering throughout the season.
pruning- a necessary part of plant care: you can not neglect it. After all, the vine grows very quickly both up and in breadth - you need to regulate its growth. In addition, Kampsis flowers develop on new branches: in order to achieve lush flowering, you need to remove old branches in order to develop new and strong shoots.
Pruning is carried out from year to year, in the fall, after the end of the growing season, or in the spring, before the buds swell. It is done like this:
- in a young plant, two or three strong, well-formed shoots should be selected, the rest should be cut with secateurs;
- during the growing season, the growing branches should be tied to a trellis or support, directing them in the right direction;
- such actions should be repeated 3-4 years in a row until the plant stem grows to the desired size.
To make the vine look good, you must definitely shape it. In this case, it is recommended to leave only stiff branches of the skeleton and 3-4 young shoots, which must be shortened to three buds. When the formed plant occupies the entire area allocated for it, every year it is necessary to remove excess branches in order to grow young shoots on which flowers will develop.
If any of the main trunks is damaged, it must be cut off and one of the strong branches chosen instead.
In order for the plant to have an elegant appearance during flowering, faded branches also need to be cut, shortening them by 3-4 buds. Some gardeners, in order to rejuvenate the plant, make a complete pruning, leaving shoots up to 30 cm high.
Kampsis pruning Kampsis tolerates pruning well in the summer, so that, if desired, you can trim the bush and give it any shape with a pruner: make green hedges or, using special designs, create figures of any bizarre shape.
Preparing kampsis for winter
In areas where winters are mild and not too frosty, you don’t have to worry about tekom. If the temperature drops below -20 degrees, then the vine must be prepared for the winter. It is necessary to shelter from the cold the whole plant - both roots and shoots. For this, the vines are trimmed, leaving only the skeletal trunks and the main shoots. Next, the plant must be removed from the trellis, put on the ground and covered with spruce branches from spruce or hay, dry leaves or sawdust. From above, cover with plastic wrap, which, in turn, is pressed along the edges to the ground.
Campsis must be covered for the winter If the vine is fixed on an arch or other structure, you can sprinkle the roots with sand, or cover with spruce branches, leaves, etc., and wrap all the stems with several layers of lutrasil. Put a plastic film on top from wet snow. This method also gives good preservation of vines. But it is still preferable to have removable supports so that the shoots can be laid on the ground.
In the spring, re-attach the plant to its habitat. If any shoots did not tolerate frost well, they should be cut off.
Advice! If the winters are so cold that shelter does not protect the plant from frost, campsis can be planted in a home greenhouse or apartment. With careful care and proper pruning, this garden vine can become a houseplant.
reproduction
Kampsis propagates by seeds, layering or cuttings.
reproduction seeds- the method is quite simple, but not popular: after all, flowering must be expected for a very long time, for seven whole years. And why languish in anticipation for so long, if there are other, more effective methods.
Kampsis seeds A very simple way to propagate vines - layering. To do this, a shoot growing closer to the ground must be bent and pinned to the ground. It is advisable to loosen the earth in this place, dig a little and water the shoot, and cover it with plastic wrap to preserve moisture. Soon, the dormant roots that are on the shoots will “wake up” and begin to sprout. The rooting site should be watered regularly. Rooted layering will give a new plant next spring. This method can be applied during the growing season at any time.
By the way, creepers can take root not only in the ground, but also in cracks in the walls of houses, in fences, where dust or sand has entered. That is why it is recommended to use trellises for vines, and not allow them to braid the walls, rising to the roofs.
Another common and perhaps the easiest way to reproduce is with the help of root growth. To do this, in early spring, after frosts, but before the onset of the growing season, shoots with a root should be separated from an adult plant and transplanted to another place.
Also quite popular and very productive is the method cuttings. In early spring, last year's lignified shoots should be selected from the middle of the bush and cut into cuttings, each about 30 cm long. Then plant them in deep flowerpots with good soil, water and cover with foil. Leaves will appear on the 12th day. When the threat of frost has passed, the plants can be planted in open ground in a permanent place.
Pests and diseases
Campsis is very resistant to diseases and is practically not attacked by pests. The only thing that can bother him is aphids, which sometimes start up in flower buds or in leaves located on the tips of young shoots. It is quite easy to get rid of aphids by spraying the affected areas with vodka from the sprayer. You can simply give the plant a shower to wash off the aphids with a stream of water.
Aphids on a campsis flower Here are some simple, but very important rules for caring for campsis. But time will not be wasted on taking care of the plant: after all, it will turn into joy - every day all summer long to look at the wonderful bright beauty of the overseas liana.
Campsis in the garden: video
We were in a hurry to quickly ennoble the purchased dacha, so we made the fence in a couple of hours, for the “turnover of time” between repairing the gate and plowing the garden. The entire area was fenced off with wire mesh. But I was uncomfortable, because the courtyard was visible from all sides, and all the time I felt like the heroine of some kind of talk show.
Therefore, I bought a fast-growing and weaving plant. It not only urgently closed all the gaps in the fence, but also pleased with flowers. Although, of course, I have added more work - you will almost forget about kampsis, and he has already climbed onto the roof of the house, where no one called him ...
Kampsis is a falling liana. As it grows, its stems are juicy green at first, but the longer they become, the more woody. This decorative "creature" grows very quickly, clinging to any surface it touches - not only the flexible stem helps it, but also the roots that grow along the entire length of the stem.
One vine grows up to 15 meters.
Kampsis is grown in order to camouflage an ugly wall or an unsightly fence, or simply for the sake of quickly landscaping the yard.
And campsis is a good material for landscape design. Even in cases where you can allocate very little money for the arrangement of the yard. Let's say this man here formed an arch over the gate using only creeper shoots:
Many sellers say that this crop prefers a mild climate. However, campsis grows no less successfully in the conditions of the middle zone (including in the Moscow region). Moreover, it is grown not only in cozy rural courtyards, but also in cities - and neither smog nor the smoke of modern megacities kill the liana.
wintering tekoma
This perennial for the winter is completely bare, losing all the leaves.
It tolerates frost well, although if weather forecasters promise a really harsh winter, it is better to cover the plant. Severe for Kampsis is winter, when the air temperature drops below -20 degrees.
Here's how campsis hides:
- all vines are removed from the supports and laid out on the ground (if the winters are consistently cold, it is better to make the supports removable - it will be convenient to lower them to the ground along with the stems of the plant);
- fallen leaves are laid out on top of the stems (straw, sawdust, spruce branches - what is), a film is laid out on top, and then another ball of foliage;
- in the spring, remove the shelter, inspect the shoots - it is better to cut off everything frozen, after which the branches are distributed to the old place on the support or fence.
If you have formed an arch from the stalks of the kampsis, you will not be able to unwind them. Protect the root of the plant with spruce branches spread on the ground. Wrap the branches with Lutrasil (without saving it, in several layers), and on top - also with a film.
When campsis blooms
Kampsis leaves are dark green and large (up to 40 cm in length). Flowers are also a match for them - bright orange, long, tubular. In this photo you can estimate their actual size:
Starting to bloom in early summer, the flowers will blaze on the bush until autumn.
And then the decorativeness of the bush is not leveled: the flowers are replaced by such fruits. Many people leave them on purpose all winter so that the vines are not empty:
But when the kampsis begins to bear fruit, do not forget to warn your family, as well as guests, that these are not peas at all, and you should not pick the fruits to taste them. Your loved ones, of course, will not be poisoned (serious harm can only be caused by pregnant women). However, they are unlikely to like the laxative effect of the fruit ...
Planting this plant
Immediately after disembarkation, you will have some time to:
- water the plant;
- feed the bush with humus or ash (this is not necessary, but flowering after fertilizing will be more magnificent);
- loosen the soil, weeding out weeds.
But as soon as the tekoma root goes deep into the ground, the bush will find food and moisture for itself, and you can forget about caring for the flower.
When choosing a site for tekoma, it is better to stay on the sunny side of the yard. The more fertile the soil, the brighter the bush will bloom - although if the soil of your site is poor, it’s also not scary, the campsis will not wither in it.
When planting a bush, it is advisable to make a hole deeper - this will help the roots of the plant to quickly reach moisture and the necessary nutrition. Moreover, many gardeners are sure: the pit should be prepared in the fall, and the bush should be planted in the spring. Do not delay the planting: in the middle lane, the liana should be “registered” in the yard even before the buds open, so it will take root faster.
What is campsis afraid of: diseases, pests
The good news is that our harmful insects are not interested in this plant. The only thing is that the flowers and young leaves of the plant can be attacked by aphids. It is sprayed with an insecticide solution or just vodka.
Yes, and there are almost no diseases in Tecoma.
Some people complain that campsis dries up in spring. But then it turns out that the plant is just "splashing" - it begins to bloom its green buds, when other bushes and trees are already turning green with might and main. But in the summer, campsis is many times ahead of all the greenery available on the site.
Important! The aerial roots of the plant are sticky to the touch. The substance they release can ruin the paint. Therefore, do not "hang" kampsis on a beautifully painted gazebo, decorative well or painted wooden fence.
Formative pruning: spring or fall
People who have been growing this plant for a long time know that in order for the campsis not to get out of hand, you need to leave only 3-4 stems (the so-called skeletal shoots), and cut off everything else.
The first pruning is best done immediately after planting, leaving only 15 cm of creeper above the ground.
Pruning can be done at different times of the year. Although, of course, it is more convenient to work with kampsis when the branches of the plant are bare and the leaves do not interfere with you.
You can see spring pruning here:
And in this video you will be told about the autumn cutting of the vine:
Which cut is more important? I believe both! After all, kampsis is a plant from which it is better to cut off the excess (in any case, in the summer its branches grow more than a meter in a month) than to throw the plant, and then only take it by the head, seeing that nosy branches have penetrated into the cracks of the window frames.
Every year, cut off the branches to the second eye, and weak vines - completely. And if you leave only 30 cm of each creeper, you will be able to rejuvenate the tecoma.
All methods of reproduction Kampsis
This hardy plant can reproduce in a variety of ways. I'll tell you about each.
- Green cuttings. They are cut in June - July. A couple of leaves are left on top of the handle (but 2/3 of the leaf plate is cut off). They are planted on the street, in partial shade, stuck into the ground at an angle (45 degrees). Water, mulch them - almost every cutting takes root.
- Woody cuttings. They are cut in the spring, rooted also in the open field. They also stick at an angle. It is believed that such cuttings take root even better than green ones.
- Root cuttings. Sometimes gardeners take a piece of the root of a plant, drop it in another place - and at the end of spring it gives its own liana. True, this method of reproduction is not considered popular.
- Air outlets. As I said, the tecoma stem is covered with roots. As long as they do not fall into the ground, they are considered "sleeping". Take one such shoot, bend it to the ground (if the weather is dry, be sure to water the soil). Press the vine with something to stay in this position for a long time. The next spring, the branch will surely take root. You just have to cut it off from the mother bush, dig it up and move it where you need it.
- Root suckers. In early spring or late autumn, the root, which has acquired its own stem, is dug up and transferred to another place. This breeding option makes kampsis simply indestructible: sometimes a gardener completely cuts off a bush that has bothered him and even waters the place where he grew up with a herbicide. But if a piece of root remains alive in the ground, it again releases a vine.
- Seeds. The most "gentle" breeding option. These seeds need mandatory stratification. And make sure that the cotton wool or sand in which you keep the seeds in the refrigerator does not dry out - as soon as the seeds lose moisture, they will “die”. Sow seeds in moderately acidic soil to a depth of 5 cm. They germinate for a month in warmth (about 25 degrees). When the seedlings release 6 true leaves, they can be moved to the garden.
Instead of an afterword...
- Campsis is a picky plant that only needs to be cared for in the first few months after planting. After that, the tekoma root goes deep into the ground, and the plant itself is looking for water and nutrients.
- This species propagates in many ways: cuttings, seeds, air layering, root offspring.
- The plant should be planted near a support, away from living quarters. Of course, some people like it when the campsis braids walls and even the roof, but plant shoots can rush into both foundation cracks and window openings, and this is already dangerous.
- Is the winter expected to be cold (frost will be up to -20 degrees and below)? Campsis will need to be covered.
Alternative opinion! Above, I highly praised campsis. But not everyone likes this whip - moreover, there are people who dream of turning back time and not planting this plant on their own plot.
Be sure to watch this video too before you buy a tecoma:
Among the plants that can decorate a personal plot and the territory of a private house, a special place is occupied by kampsis - a tree-like liana with large bright flowers. A Southerner by origin, Kampsis has taken root perfectly in the middle lane. Below we will talk about how Kampsis grows and develops. Planting and caring for him is within the power of any gardener.
Origin and types
Kampsis is a photophilous and drought-resistant perennial plant with a height of half a meter to a meter. The flowers of this tree-like vine are red, orange and yellow. The name of the plant comes from the Greek word kamptein (to bend, bend).
Under this name, a whole genus of plants of the Begnoniaceae family is known. However, it is represented by only two types:
- rooting kampsis, originally from America;
- kampsis grandiflora, Chinese origin.
Another type of kampsis is a hybrid of the first two, called kampsis hybrid, artificially bred.
Rooting kampsis is a liana that grows on the edges of forests and near fences. It has aerial roots located along the entire length of the stem, with their help it is attached to vertical surfaces. Climbing up, the plant begins to grow. The large-flowered one looks the same, but its flowers are noticeably larger and brighter.
How to plant
Kampsis is seated in several ways:
- seeds;
- root growth;
- cuttings;
- layering.
The seeds of this plant can be bought at a flower shop, or taken from those gardeners who have already grown a liana - now this plant has become very popular. Growing with the help of seeds has its drawbacks, because the vine planted in this way will bloom only after a few years.
Most often, lovers of woody vines choose the second method - propagation by shoots. A shoot with a root is cut off from an adult plant. This is done before the plant enters the time of active growth. There are quite a lot of such shoots next to the parent plants, after cutting them they are immediately planted in open ground.
You can also propagate the vine with green cuttings, this is done in the middle of summer. They are cut from the central part of the kampsis shoot, making sure that each cutting has a pair of leaves. Then the cuttings are planted in the ground, in a previously dug hole.
Cuttings can be not only green, but also grown, lignified. In early spring, they are cut from the mother plant, primarily paying attention to the shoots from last year's growth.
You can also propagate the vine by rooting cuttings growing near the ground. They are simply pressed to the soil, and they take root with constant moderate watering. Rooting occurs within one season, the next year the layers are separated and transplanted.
Since this plant loves the sun, it is planted on the south side of the site, this is especially true for the middle lane with its few sunny days.
The roots of the plant are creeping, so you should not plant it very close to the house - the foundation may be damaged over time.
Fences, arbors, lattices serve as a support for the kampsis, but a tree will not work as a support - the creeper shoots will strangle it. Cultivation will also be more successful on temporary supports made of wire or rope (for young plants), in winter this entire structure is laid on the ground and covered along with the roots.
How to care for Campsis
Properly planted kampsis grows rapidly, braiding fences, fences, arbors, it is convenient for them to decorate a personal plot. It does not require specially prepared soil and careful care. However, the more fertile the land and the more regular soil moisture, the better the vine grows and blooms. We must also remember that she loves watering, but does not tolerate too wet soil.
Like any ornamental plants, this vine will appreciate top dressing. You can pre-fertilize the soil in the places of the intended planting (with complex fertilizers or compost), you can feed it during the flowering period with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, preferably at least twice during the entire period.
pruning
Kampsis grows quickly, so the plant must be formed. Before the start of growth, at the cutting that has taken root, all the shoots are broken off, except for the most stable ones (they are left 3-4 pieces). It is these shoots that will later form the "skeleton" of the plant, allowing it to safely endure winters.
Of considerable importance is the pruning of shoots as the plant matures. Remove those that died in the cold season. You can also cut off other shoots - in order to give the volume of the shoots of the vine a certain shape.
Kampsis, by the way, can also be grown as a shrub if the area for growth is large enough. To do this, the aerial roots just need to be cut periodically. It can even be grown as a groundcover because it grows over the ground without any support.
This vine rarely gets sick, it is little damaged by pests (except for aphids, but it is easily removed after treatment with insecticides).
So, campsis is a beautiful and fast-growing inhabitant of gardens, decorating any vertical or even horizontal surfaces. It is not demanding in care, although it grows and blooms better on the south side of the site. Planting kampsis in the middle lane is carried out without any problems, the plant quickly takes root and pleases the eye with its bright and large flowers. Cultivation requires only watering and regular pruning, then the plant will adorn the garden for a long time - both in the form of a liana and in the form of a shrub.
Beautiful creepers can be a wonderful decoration for the garden. But many flower growers are sure that such plants are already very thermophilic, and growing them in the middle zone is simply unrealistic. But in fact, some crops, with due effort, may well grow in a cool climate. So, many gardeners manage to acquire luxurious campsises on their plots. Let's clarify what a campsis flower is in a little more detail, how it is planted, and what kind of care this plant needs in the middle lane (in the Moscow region), we will also give a photo of such a garden pet.
Kampsis is also known as bignonia, it belongs to the Bignoniev family and is essentially a falling liana. Such a plant grows very quickly, and its stem becomes lignified as it grows. This culture belongs to flower stalks, it gathers around itself a lot of bees and other insects.
The most common types of Kampsis include the rooting Kampsis and the large-flowered Kampsis.
It is believed that rooting kampsis is more frost-resistant. It reaches a height of up to fifteen meters, fiery red flowers appear on it, the diameter of which reaches nine centimeters. The flowers are collected in inflorescences, sometimes they are combined in fifteen flowers. On such a plant, aerial roots are formed, clinging to the support.
In the photo, rooting kampsis
As for the large-flowered kampsis, it has slightly smaller leaves, it does not have aerial roots, and the plant is attached to the supports with shoots, and larger flowers also appear on such a culture. However, the large-flowered kampis is considered less frost-resistant, so it must be especially carefully covered from frost.
Pictured kampsis grandiflora
Features of growing kampsis in the middle lane
Such plants are actually quite frost-resistant. In general, they are able to tolerate temperature drops to minus twenty degrees, but only for a short time. Therefore, Kampsis need good shelter for the winter.
Landing kampsis
It is necessary to plant such plants in areas sheltered from strong winds and drafts. Do not grow them near windows to prevent the invasion of insects into the house. Readers of "Popular about Health", who live in central Russia, should plant kampsis on the southern or southeastern side of the plot. The best time for landing is the second half of May, not earlier.
Planting vines must be carried out in the holes, which should be prepared in the fall. Their optimal size is fifty centimeters - both in depth and in breadth. As for the composition of the soil, it does not play a fundamental role for the kampsis. It is only necessary to ensure the presence of the required amount of minerals. To do this, you need to take the top ball of soil dug out of the hole and combine it with five kilograms of compost. Also, half a kilogram of mineral top dressing must be added to this mixture. After the resulting mixture must be laid out on the bottom of the hole and lowered over the top of the seedling. Then you need to gradually sprinkle the hole with earth.
Some gardeners believe that in order to get large flowers, you need to take a cutting from a vine that blooms more than others.
Features of caring for campsis
Despite its exoticism, such a garden plant is not very capricious. It needs periodic watering, loosening the soil and eliminating weeds. Another important role is played by proper pruning, as well as top dressing.
Campsis does not like very dry land, although it can tolerate drought. But at the same time, excess moisture can harm it. Therefore, it is necessary to moisten the earth only in the absence of natural precipitation and do it evenly. Wet soil near the vines should be loosened and weeds removed.
Periodically, you need to feed the Kampsis with nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers. This will help the plant to grow actively and bloom magnificently.
Pruning kampsis
In order to form an attractive vine, it is necessary to prune. Shortly after planting, you need to cut the branches fifteen centimeters from the ground. After the growth of the shoots, you need to carefully examine them and leave only four or five of the strongest. They must be directed along the support and, if necessary, tied to it. The plant can be considered formed when the length of the skeletal branches reaches four meters, and this may take about a couple of years. Lateral shoots are shortened annually, cutting branches to the second eye. It is also necessary to eliminate weak shoots.
To rejuvenate a flower, cut off all its branches, leaving only thirty centimeters from the ground. However, it is necessary to carry out such manipulation in the spring, even before the awakening of the kidneys.
How to hide kampsis from frost?
Residents of the middle lane need to pay special attention to sheltering campsis from frost. For the winter, you need to remove the vines from the support, cover them very well with spruce branches or sawdust. Next, you need to cover the plants with oilcloth, and then again with spruce branches.
In the Moscow region, kampsis may well grow if you protect them from frost. Such attractive creepers can become a real decoration of the garden.
Campsis plant (Campsis) is a woody deciduous vine. Translated from Greek, the scientific name means to bend, bend, twist. Kampsis belongs to the Bignoniaceae family, the second name of the plant is Bignonia. The genus has only two species, and one has been cultivated in the parks and gardens of Europe since the 17th century.
Winter hardiness kampsis
The plant is thermophilic, but is able to winter in the open ground (with shelter) and even endure short-term frosts down to -20 ° C.
Liana has aerial roots, with which it is attached to the supports. Most often used in vertical landings. The leaves are pinnate, arranged in 7-11 pieces, have serrated edges. Flowering lasts from June to September. The flowers are large (length 9 cm, diameter 5 cm), tubular, collected in short paniculate inflorescences at the ends of the shoots. The color of the corollas can be raspberry, red-orange, red-gold. The flowers are devoid of fragrance, but due to the bright color they attract not only bees, but also wasps, ants, even flies.
After that, the fruit is tied in the form of a pod 8-10 cm long. It is filled with many membranous seeds with wings. The ripened pod cracks and the seeds scatter around. However, fruition does not always occur. A guarantee of fruit set is the location of a plant clone nearby (offspring of one vegetative propagation).
Landing in open ground
Under the conditions of the middle lane, landing in open ground is carried out with the establishment of heat - from the second half of May. Choose a southern or southeastern site with protection from drafts and strong gusts of wind.
Kampsis is able to grow even on calcareous soils, but for high decorativeness, choose a fertile, loose, neutral soil, saturated with minerals and trace elements.
Dig a planting hole 40 cm deep, 50 by 50 cm long and wide. Mix the soil taken out of the hole with 5 kg of compost and 0.5 kg of complex mineral fertilizers. Lay some of the mixture at the bottom of the planting hole. Straighten the roots of the seedling, place it in the hole so that it remains above the soil surface at the same level as it grew before.
Top up the soil, press lightly, water. When the ground dries out a little, mulch the surface of the soil around the vine with peat or compost. Support needs to be installed. The growth of an actively developing vine must be limited - around the root area, dig slate and sheets of metal to a depth of 80 cm.
Campsis care in the open field
The exotic liana is unpretentious, for all its non-capriciousness, it is characterized by rapid growth, it is easily restored even after frost damage.
Watering
Watering needs a balance: do not allow prolonged drought or stagnant water. Liana is quite drought-resistant and is able to tolerate short-term overdrying of an earthy coma, but it is better to water it in a timely manner. To maintain moisture, you can plant bushes of undersized plants with similar care requirements in the near-stem circle.
top dressing
Liana grows well without top dressing, but will respond with abundant flowering throughout the season to the application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer.
pruning bignonia
Regular is needed, but only in areas with mild winters and warm summers. In regions with prolonged cold weather, pruning will result in a lack of flowering.
The formation of a bush should begin immediately after planting: cut off the shoots at a height of 15 cm from the soil surface. When they grow a little, you should leave 4-5 of the strongest, and remove the rest. As they grow, the remaining shoots should be directed along the support, if necessary, tie up. The liana will be fully formed in 2-3 years (skeletal branches will reach a length of about 4 m).
Lateral shoots must be shortened every spring to 2-3 buds. Remove dry, weak, unsuccessfully growing shoots completely. If one of the skeletal branches is severely damaged, it is necessary to remove it, and send the strongest shoot to the place of its growth. To rejuvenate the vine, it is necessary to drastically cut, leaving a length of 30 cm above the soil surface. Carry out the procedure before the awakening of the kidneys (in early spring).
For longer flowering, it is necessary to remove wilted buds throughout the season and cut off faded shoots by 3-4 eyes.
Preparing kampsis for winter
In areas with prolonged cold weather, frosts below 20 ° C, shelter for the winter should be made for the campsis.
- In the first year, it is recommended to grow a vine in a container, and transfer it to the cellar for the winter.
- Further, it is better to use removable supports, which can be easily removed at the end of the season, and set again in the spring.
- Wintering is similar to grapes: remove the shoots from the support, lay them on the soil, with spruce branches, with a film on top, and leaves and other organic residues are thrown over the film.
- In winter, it is useful to additionally heat the snow. Then even young branches will not suffer in the most severe frost (good shelter allows you to save the vine even in the Urals).
Why the campsis does not bloom
Cold climate, strong drafts, late frosts in spring, damage by pests are possible reasons for the lack of flowering of bignonia. It is worth noting that flowering of Kampsis grown from seeds should be expected in the 4-6th year after emergence. Rooted cuttings give flowering in the 3rd year.
If bignonia is grown in cold regions, it should not be pruned: the vine easily tolerates it, but does not have time to form flower buds. Therefore, if your city has a rather cold climate, it is absolutely impossible to cut the campsis.
Diseases and pests of campsis
Due to waterlogging of the soil, rotting of the root system may begin - it is necessary to carry out fungicide treatment and adjust the irrigation regime.
In especially hot weather, aphids may appear on the vine - treat with soapy water (10 g of tar soap per 10 liters of water). If the pests have not died, treat with insecticides.
Growing Kampsis from seeds
Perhaps seed and vegetative (cuttings, layering, root shoots) reproduction.
The disadvantage of seed propagation is the loss of varietal characteristics (if the seeds are collected from hybrid forms), the flowering of a new plant occurs after 4-6 years of life. But there is enough planting material. Store seeds at room temperature until spring, pre-treatment before sowing is not required.
Kampsis from seeds photo
- Take a box with loose, breathable neutral reaction soil, the seeding depth is about 5 mm, the distance between the seeds is 2-3 cm.
- Cover crops with foil. Keep the air temperature at 25º C, ventilate the greenhouse regularly and water through the pan. Expect germination in a month, then remove the shelter.
- With the advent of three true leaves, transplant young plants into separate containers.
- Plant stronger plants in open ground from the second half of May.
Propagation of Kampsis by cuttings
At high humidity, the rooting capsis releases aerial roots directly at the internodes of the stem. This property is widely used for the rapid rooting of green cuttings.
lignified cuttings
You can use for reproduction and lignified cuttings. They are cut from one-year-old shoots in early spring and planted at an angle immediately in open ground. It can also be rooted in autumn in cut plastic bottles: by spring, planting material will be ready for planting.
green cuttings
Rooting of greens is carried out in June-July. Leave 2-3 sheets on them, shortening them by half the length. Plant in a bed with fertile loose soil, place the cutting at a 45º angle, water, mulch, keep the soil constantly moist. Similarly, green cuttings can be rooted in any container at room conditions. The main condition is loose water and breathable soil, good lighting and constant substrate moisture without stagnant water (be sure to make drainage holes if there are none).
Reproduction of kampsis by basal processes and layering
Reproduction of Kampsis by root offspring photo
In the fall (after the leaves fall) or in the spring, basal processes can be planted. Dig it up along with part of the root and plant it in a place of constant growth.
Propagate by layering in the spring. A shoot growing close to the surface of the soil must be bent down, sprinkled with earth. Maintain soil moisture in the place of digging, periodically loosen the surface. Separate the cuttings from the mother plant next spring. Plant in a permanent place of growth, water well.
Types and varieties of kampsis with photos and names
Campsis rooting Campsis radicans or Bignonia rooting Bignonia radicans
Native to North America. The length of the vine is about 15 cm. Unpaired leaves reach a length of 20 cm, consist of 9-11 leaf blades, are painted bright green, the surface of the leaf blades is smooth, and pubescence passes along the veins on the reverse side. Tubular flowers 9 cm long are up to 5 cm in diameter, collected in 10-15 pieces. at the top of the shoots. The corolla has a bright orange color, the limb is fiery red. Flowering starts in mid-summer, the buds open sequentially. The fruit is a pod 5-12 cm long.
Subspecies of Kampsis rooting:
- Bignonia is magnificent - the vine curls weakly, more like a bush with thin long shoots. The leaf plate consists of small oval leaflets. The flowers are red-orange in color.
- Bignonia golden - bright yellow flowers.
- Bignonia early - flowering occurs a month earlier than the species plant. The flowers are large, fiery red.
- Bignonia dark purple - large flowers are painted in dark red with a purple tint.
Varieties:
The winter hardiness of the rooting Kampsis Flamenco makes it possible to grow this variety in the middle lane and the Moscow region; this bignonia is also grown in the Leningrad region. Liana withstands short-term frosts down to -20 ° C, and, subject to good shelter for the winter, it also tolerates more severe cold snaps. It blooms with coral-red flowers throughout the warm season from July to September, flowers up to 5 cm in size. It is better to plant near the southern walls, protected from the wind and open to the sun.
Campsis flava yellow Campsis radicans ‘Flava’ photo
Campsis Flava has beautiful sandy-yellow large flowers. Liana grows up to 15 meters in length. Winter hardiness is also average, up to -20 ° C, so bignonia must be covered for the winter.
Campsis Judy yellow Campsis radicans ‘Judy’ photo
The charming beauty of the flowers of the Judy variety will not leave indifferent connoisseurs of spectacular landscaping. Sand-yellow petals are collected in tubes, painted inside in an orange-red hue. Liana reaches 10 m in length, winters well under cover.
Campsis large-flowered Campsis grandiflora, also known as Chinese campsis, or bignonia Chinese Bignonia grandiflora
Native to China, Japan. Liana does not have aerial roots, it is attached to the support by the ends of the shoots. Often takes the form of a low bush. Unpaired leaves consist of 7-9 leaves 6 cm long. Red-orange flowers reach a diameter of 8 cm. It does not tolerate severe frosts.
Campsis Thunberg - flowers are painted orange.
Campsis hybrid Campsis x hybrida
Obtained as a result of crossing Kampsis rooting and Kampsis large-flowered. Leaf plates consist of 7-11 leaflets. Flowers are bright orange. Frost resistance is average.