To open an IP, it is not necessary to contact registrars and pay for legal services. Anyone who decides to start their own business can cope with this procedure. In this article, we will talk about what is required for registration of an IP, and how an individual can register independently with the tax office.
The most important thing for registering an IP is to correctly fill out the P21001 form in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Tax Service. If you want to print the finished application in a few minutes, then register in your personal account and follow our instructions.
What documents are needed to register an IP? The list for opening an IP in 2020 is given in Article 22.1 of Law No. 129-FZ. For convenience, we have divided this long list into:
- documents for opening an individual entrepreneur by a Russian;
- documents for registration by an individual entrepreneur of a person with citizenship of another country or without citizenship.
Registration of IP by a Russian citizen
To open an IP in 2020, a Russian needs to prepare:
- form - this is an application in which an individual provides the information necessary to register an individual entrepreneur (full name, address, passport data, OKVED codes).
- photocopy of all pages of the Russian passport.
- paid receipt in the amount of 800 rubles (state duty for consideration of the application).
Additionally, you may need:
- Power of attorney for registration actions, if the applicant is represented by another person, for example, a professional registrar.
- Notification of the transition to the simplified tax system (3 copies). In most cases, the simplified mode is the most beneficial for a novice businessman. However, we advise you to get a free one first, perhaps in your case it will be easier to work on UTII or USN.
- If the applicant has not reached the age of majority, then the documents for registration of entrepreneurial status must be supplemented (optionally): with the notarized consent of the parents; a photocopy of the minor's marriage certificate; a photocopy of the decision of the guardianship authority or court to recognize the applicant as fully capable.
Documents for registration of IP in 2020 can be submitted in person, sent by mail or entrusted to a trusted person. During a personal visit to the IFTS, it is not required to certify the P21001 form and a photocopy of the passport with a notary, in other cases it is mandatory.
How can a foreigner obtain IP status?
Not only Russian citizens, but also foreign citizens can register an individual entrepreneur and conduct legal business in the Russian Federation. Even if an individual does not have citizenship at all, he can engage in commercial activities in Russia. It is only necessary to prove the legality of being on the territory of the Russian Federation. What documents are needed to open an individual entrepreneur if there is no Russian citizenship?
- Application P21001 is the same form that Russians fill out in Russian. There is no special form.
- A copy of the main identity document of the applicant. Depending on the category of an individual, this may be: a passport of the country of citizenship, a refugee certificate, a certificate of a person who has received temporary asylum in the Russian Federation; identity card of a stateless person.
- A copy of the birth certificate, if the main document of a foreign citizen or stateless person does not contain information about the date and place of birth.
- Confirmation of legal residence in Russia: a copy of a temporary residence permit or residence permit and the original for comparison.
- Confirmation of payment of the state duty in order to register an individual entrepreneur (the amount is the same as for Russians).
Important: all originals written in a foreign language must be translated and certified by a Russian notary.
You can learn more about what documents are needed to open a business, how an individual entrepreneur differs from an LLC, what features exist during state registration in your region at a free individual consultation.
What does a sole proprietorship need to run a business?
Strictly speaking, the concept of "Constituent documents of IP" does not correspond to the letter of the law. Individual entrepreneurs are not established, this is only the status that an individual receives after registering as an entrepreneur. But if we draw an analogy with a legal entity, then the constituent documents of an individual entrepreneur are those papers that prove that you are tax registered and work legally.
Documents for IP |
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|---|---|
Identity document | An individual entrepreneur acts on his own behalf, his powers do not need to be confirmed by a power of attorney, decision, order of appointment, etc. In order for your partners or government agencies to be convinced that you are you, you must present a passport of a Russian citizen. Foreigners present a foreign-style passport or its notarized translation. Persons who find themselves in Russia in search of asylum confirm their identity on the basis of a refugee certificate or a certificate of a person who has received temporary asylum. |
TIN certificate | This is proof of tax registration. An individual tax number for an individual is one. If you did not have it before the opening of the IP, then the certificate will be issued after the registration of the entrepreneur. If the TIN was assigned earlier, then it must be indicated in the P21001 form. |
IP state registration certificate | Confirmation that the citizen is registered as an entrepreneur. It indicates the OGRNIP number and the date of making the corresponding entry in the state register. Since 2017, the IP registration certificate is no longer issued. Instead, a form is sent to the entrepreneur. |
Extract from USRIP | EGRIP is a state register of individual entrepreneurs. The record sheet contains the full name of the individual entrepreneur, passport data, OKVED codes. Before concluding a transaction, counterparties require a fresh statement (no later than a month), which is issued on paper only by the INFS. There is another way to establish that information about the IP is entered in the register. allows you to get an abbreviated version of the record sheet (without passport data), but this can be done online and without payment. |
Statistics codes | Information on the assignment to a business entity and statistical codes (OKATO, OKTMO, OKFS, OKOPF). Codes are required when opening a bank account, filling out payments, submitting reports, etc. |
Notice of registration in funds | Initially, the Pension Fund independently registers the insured according to the information of the Federal Tax Service. After hiring employees, individual entrepreneurs must additionally be registered as an employer with the Pension Fund and the Social Insurance Fund. |
Are you planning to open a sole proprietorship? Do not forget about the current account - it will simplify doing business, paying taxes and insurance premiums. Especially now, many banks offer favorable conditions for opening and maintaining a current account. You can get acquainted with the offers with us.
15Jul
Why I decided to write this article
Because many who ask me questions ask something that at first you shouldn’t even bother at all. There are even questions that a person may never face at all. In general, “Woe from Wit” occurs in the minds of many novice entrepreneurs, and we will “eliminate” this grief in this article. At least I'll try my best. Now let's talk about mistakes, and then I will give a step-by-step plan as I see it.
Some errors and their solutions
1. Break-even point not calculated
Many start a business without even considering how much in what period they need to sell in order to break even. This is important because many business models are cut off at this stage.
Calculating the break-even point is easy. You consider how much you incur expenses per month and then consider how much you need to sell goods or provide services per month in order to recoup these expenses. If the figure is too large and seems unrealistic to you, then it is better not to take on such a business. If you think that you can sell the right amount of goods to cover expenses or start covering expenses in a few months, then you can think about this business further.
Conclusion 1: Until you have a complete financial picture of the business in your head, you can’t borrow money or even use your savings.
2. Everything must be perfect
At the beginning of your business, you want everything to be right and beautiful: the most modern equipment is bought, the most functional website is created, the office is repaired, etc.
Striving for the best is useful, but there is one "BUT" - before you spend money, check the performance of your business model. If you are going to make an expensive website design, first make sure that your services or products are in demand at all.
Or, if you're opening a cafe, before making expensive renovations, try to start selling in the premises that are available with minimal investment. If sales go on and a place in this area of the city will bring at least some profit, then you can expand or make a cool renovation.
Conclusion 2 A: Don't invest a lot of money until you're sure people want the product. And you don’t need to bring everything to perfection, thereby delaying the start. Start with what you have and gradually develop and improve.
3. Not understanding your future business or simply no love
I personally think that a business should at least like it. For example, I love each of my business projects, and if I didn’t love them, they wouldn’t turn out to be profitable.
Some start-up entrepreneurs write me questions like “What to sell”, “What services are profitable to provide”, “What kind of business is profitable to do”, etc. I answer everyone: "Open your own bank." And no one likes my answer, although it answers all these questions. Every entrepreneur has a different life situation, different interests and different knowledge. If one likes selling toys and the other likes selling men's suits, then they won't be able to switch businesses and be as successful. This is because they do not understand the model itself and simply do not feel interested.
Conclusion 3: You can't build a business on an idea just because you just know it's profitable and you're not interested in it. Business needs to be understood, loved and “be in the know”. For example, I could not open a massage parlor and lead the business to success. Not because I don't have enough money, but because I don't understand anything in this business.
How to start your own business - 10 steps from scratch
To begin with, I want to say that below I will give 2 plans on how to start your business: complete and simplified. Let's start with the complete.
Step 1. Business Idea
Of course, to start a business, you need to know what to start. I have always said, I say and I will say that an entrepreneur must have an idea. If you can't even come up with an idea, then what kind of business are you talking about. It is not necessary to be an innovator and come up with something unimaginable. You can take an already working idea, look around, find flaws in it, or simply improve it the way YOU see it and it will be a different business. It is easier to enter a formed market than to form it yourself. And the idea should not be global, you can start a micro business or.
In order to come up with or find a business idea, read the following articles and after reading you will 100% decide on the idea:
After the articles are read, the ideas are thought up, you can proceed to the next step.
Step 2. Market Analysis
After choosing a business idea, you need to analyze the market, find out if people really need your product. Evaluate the competition, identify the positive and negative sides of competitors, find in yourself what will make you different from your competitors. Compare prices, quality of service, assortment (if it is a commodity business) and look to the maximum for what you can be better at. It is necessary. Why? Read!
Once you have assessed the supply and demand, realized that you can compete with existing companies, you can move on.
Step 3. Business Planning
Step 5. Registering your business
This step cannot be missed, because the business must be registered. You can use LLC or IP. It all depends on your activity. This article will help you:
Once your business is set up, you can move on to the next step.
Step 6. Taxes and reporting
I indicated this step right away, because you must initially decide on which taxation system you will work with. This must be done immediately, because the amount of taxes and how they are paid depend on it. To do this, read the following articles:
And also read other articles of the rubric, because there you will always find up-to-date and complete information about tax and accounting. You can also ask your question and get an answer from a specialist.
Step 7. Quick idea testing
Someone will say that you can test without registering a business. And you are right! It is possible and so, but it was not in vain that I wrote at the very beginning that there would be 2 scenarios for the development of events, and in the second I will talk about it. Now let's move on to testing itself.
Initially, you need exactly quick testing - “testing in battle”. With your own money, test the idea, give minimal advertising, make the smallest possible product and try to sell it. Study demand in practice so to speak. You have to look into your plan, estimate what you need at the minimum in order to get started and start right away. Why is this being done. At the very beginning, I wrote about one of the mistakes of novice entrepreneurs, which consists in delaying the start, in constant improvements, etc. You don’t need to bring it to perfection, you need to start as soon as possible in order to test the idea in action, get the first sales and be inspired to continue development.
If the start does not give the first sales, then you need to revise the plan, idea and look for errors. A quick start is also done so that in case of failure you spend less time, effort and money. Agree, it would be more annoying to prepare for a year, and then fail? It is less offensive to realize your mistakes right away, while you still have little time to do. So you can make adjustments along the way and everything will start to work out!
To test ideas and your business can help you. It is more for testing ideas on the Internet, but it is also suitable for the real sector (offline).
Step 8. Business Development
After the tests have been carried out, the plan has been adjusted and sales have started slowly, you can develop your business and refine everything that you wrote in the plan to perfection. Now you can improve the site, increase warehouses or office, expand staff, etc. When your idea and business model has shown its performance, it is easier for you to set more global goals. Moreover, you have already received the first money from the first orders or sales and can reinvest them in development.
If there is not enough money, then here you can already resort to loans and borrowings, because business brings money and you can borrow with a clear conscience for its development. If you don't need much money, even a credit card might work. In I told how you can use credit card money for your business without interest.
Step 9. Active promotion
This step could be attributed to development, but I took it out separately. After you have wider warehouses, more powerful equipment and site, more employees, etc., you need to make it all work. This requires aggressive advertising to the maximum. You have to use a lot of promotional opportunities. Look for clients on the Internet, do offline advertising, do direct sales, etc. The more advertising tools you use, the better the result. But be sure to record the results and filter out ineffective advertising tools so as not to waste your budgets.
Step 10 Scaling
Your business is doing well, making money, you are constantly developing, everything is great! But there are also adjacent areas or neighboring cities. If your business model is successful in your city, then you can make representative offices in other cities. If there is no desire or opportunity to go to neighboring cities, then you can simply capture an adjacent direction, if there is one at all.
For example, if you sell household appliances, you can simultaneously open a repair service and provide paid repair services. If your client's equipment is beyond repair, you can always offer him to buy something from your store in exchange. In general, look at your business and I am sure that you will find something to cling to.
What else can you pay attention to
During the launch of a business, there are several parameters that allow you to evaluate how effective your business is at the start, take them seriously:
If the net income of your business is above zero, excluding equipment costs and taxes, then your business will survive because it generates some money. If it is below zero, it means that your business is burning money, and it will not have enough loans and investments;
If you planned sales for 200,000, and sell for 50,000, then this is an occasion to seriously adjust your work and, possibly, the plan itself;
You should be comfortable. Business is hard. If you, too, are constantly having a hard time, then it will be difficult to cope with the tasks of the business. Give yourself enough comfort so that you don't feel left out because of your own business.
How to start and open your own business in a simplified way
As promised, I will give another simplified diagram of how to start your own business. Because I have already written all the points above, so I will refer to them here so as not to repeat myself.
I myself have used this scheme more than once, because before I started very small projects in which a lot could be missed. So the schema looks like this:
- Idea (it should always be);
- Easy planning, you can not paint, but fit the main points on a sheet of notebook. It is done in order to draw a model;
- Quick idea test. Perhaps even without investments and search for money. Or very little money will be required and they will simply be in your savings;
- Development and active promotion. After the first orders are, you can start active promotion and bring everything to mind;
- Business registration and scaling.
As you can see, I missed registration at the very end, because some business projects can be implemented without registration, because during the test you get not so much money to immediately run for them to report to the tax office. But if the business model has shown its performance and, after active promotion, it is growing, then the design should be instant.
But you still can’t do without registration even at the first stages if you need a retail space, an office or work with companies under contracts, because for this you need at least an individual entrepreneur.
Conclusion
In this article, I told you how to start your own business, talked about the mistakes that beginners often make and I made, and now you know what to do before starting your own business. Read my site, subscribe to it, and try to start doing your own thing. We will not leave anyone on the site without help. Thank you for your attention!
Sincerely, Schmidt Nikolai
Cafe is the most popular format of public catering establishments. It doesn't take a multi-million dollar to start this business. costs. With a good work of the cafe, it is easy to acquire a permanent loyal clientele. You can work in one place for decades and even pass this business on by inheritance.
But in order for the cafe to bring a constant stable income, before opening it, you need to study the key points of this business. Of course, nothing can replace your real experience, but still, it is worth knowing where to start if you decide to open your cafe from scratch.
For our users, we have written a book about opening a small cafe, where we have collected only practical recommendations, examples and calculations. This is a little more than just a step-by-step guide, so we highly recommend that you read it.
What will you learn by reading our book? Before you open your cafe, you need to answer a number of questions:
- Where will you open a cafe? Will it be a shopping center, a busy street, a residential area or a closed area such as an office center, university, enterprise?
- Are there enough potential customers out there? How to estimate the expected attendance of your cafe?
- How are your competitors doing? What niche in the catering market can you occupy?
- Where to buy equipment, furniture and utensils for your cafe?
- How to legally resolve the issue with musical accompaniment?
- What do you need to get permission to open a cafe?
Our instruction book will tell you where to start to open your own cafe. But we did not limit ourselves only to describing the procedure for opening a cafe. You will also learn how to evaluate the restaurant's menu for profitability, what are the performance indicators of a working cafe, what should your chef do, and what area of responsibility should you control yourself.
How much does it cost to open a cafe from scratch
To understand how much money you need to open a cafe, you need to decide on the format of your establishment. At the preliminary stage of assessing the location, activities of competitors, possible attendance, average check, you can already assume what daily income your cafe will bring. A good payback period for a cafe will be one year of full operation, and this is the starting point when calculating how much money you need to open your cafe.
All costs for opening a cafe from scratch can be divided into one-time and those that will have to be borne for the entire period of the cafe's operation. Let's collect this data in a table:
We did not indicate in the table the most important item of expenditure - for the premises, since the situation here may be different:
- Do you already have your own cafe space?
- Are you planning to buy a property?
- cafe space will be rented.
Most often, the premises for a cafe are rented. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, areas where there is good attendance are often located in shopping centers, where premises can only be rented. Secondly, renting rather than buying premises reduces the cost of opening a cafe. Thirdly, despite all the preliminary calculations, the location of the cafe may turn out to be unsuccessful.
You need to rent a space for a cafe wisely. About what you need to pay attention to when concluding a lease agreement with the owner, we told in our book. Well, if the premises are yours, congratulations, your risks when opening a cafe from scratch will be much less.
In each case, the amount of expenses when opening a cafe from scratch will be different. In our book, we calculated in detail and to the smallest detail the cost of opening a summer-type cafe for 20 people. One-time costs amounted to 500 thousand rubles, plus 330 thousand rubles were fixed costs for the first month of the cafe, taking into account the lease of the premises. Total, 830 thousand rubles.
For business starters, we advise you to consider the option of a franchise in the field of catering. Opening a franchise cafe in some cases will be cheaper, due to the fact that the franchisor is interested in promoting his brand. For example, he may offer you equipment in installments, for rent, or even for free use. Of course, he will reimburse his expenses later when he receives monthly payments from you, but at the first stage, running a franchise cafe will help you start making a profit faster.
When choosing a franchise, keep in mind that the cost and income examples in the franchisor's proposal may not be entirely accurate. The franchisor is interested in selling you a franchise, so recalculate all the figures yourself and add those costs that are not taken into account in his rosy picture.
Are you planning to start your own business? Do not forget about the current account - it will simplify doing business, paying taxes and insurance premiums. Especially now, many banks offer favorable conditions for opening and maintaining a current account. You can get acquainted with the offers on our site.
How to open a cafe from scratch: a business plan
Do I need a business plan to open a cafe? If we talk about a professionally written document with formulas, graphs and market research, then it will cost a lot. Unfortunately, even an expensive document prepared by specialists will not guarantee you the declared income figures. A business plan is just a plan; only the cost figures will be more or less accurate in it.
Nevertheless, before you open your own cafe, you must definitely calculate its revenue side. Yes, it will only be assumed, but you have to imagine what you can expect with a good organization of the cafe.
We propose to replace a professional business plan for opening a cafe with an example with calculations of expenses and revenues. You can also find such an example in our book. In this example, we calculated not only the amount of expenses, but also how many visitors should enter the cafe, what should be the average bill, and what could be the payback period of your cafe.
What documents are needed to open a cafe
What permissions are needed to open a cafe? A cafe is a public catering enterprise, and such establishments are under increased attention of supervisory authorities. Answering the question: “What does it take to open a cafe?”, we must draw your attention to the presence of certain bureaucratic barriers.
Unfortunately, the process of obtaining permits for opening a cafe can take you a lot of time. The procedure itself is not explicitly spelled out in any regulatory act, because approvals must be obtained in different services.
The package of documents for opening a cafe in 2020 will include:
- coordination with the fire inspectorate;
- sanitary and epidemiological conclusion from Rospotrebnadzor on the compliance of the cafe with the requirements;
- permission to open a cafe from the local administration;
- permission to place outdoor advertising;
- a license to sell alcohol, if you sell it;
- coordination with the police on the placement of a panic button.
The most difficult thing will be to get permission from Rospotrebnadzor to open a cafe, because. for this, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of several special documents (SNiP). During the issuance of the conclusion, Rospotrebnadzor will request contracts for disinfection, garbage disposal, laundry services, a technological project for connecting equipment to electricity, water, sewerage, and other documents. Further, a program of sanitary production control will be approved, according to the plan of which further activities will be checked. We advise you not to conclude a lease until you know the sanitary requirements for your type of cafe. It is possible that the room you have chosen may not correspond to them at all.
It is easier to open a cafe in a room where there was already a catering point, or in a shopping center in the format of a food court, where the administration of the shopping center will provide some assistance in obtaining permits.
You can answer what documents are needed to open a cafe in Russia in specialized law firms that help in obtaining various kinds of licenses, approvals, permits. It is no secret that connections, knowledge of the procedure, regional peculiarities are of great importance in this matter, therefore, if you have the opportunity to order such services, you should take advantage of this.
In any case, do not despair, you can get permits to open a cafe on your own, especially since you only need to do this once. Look at how many active catering outlets are around, all of them were able to overcome these bureaucratic obstacles. You can too.