Lesson Planning for Grade 4_ Cognition of the World (subject) Date:_______________________ Lesson No. ________30______ Lesson topic The sun is a source of light and heat. OBZH "Historical information about the fire department" Triune goal Educational: to form an idea of the Universe, the size and nature of the Sun as the center of the solar system and the star closest to us as a source of light and heat. To introduce students to the science that studies the universe. Developing: To develop cognitive interest, the ability to observe, analyze. Educational: to cultivate love and interest in the subject, love for the Motherland, for nature, Type of lesson: □ combined. Teaching methods: □ Verbal explanatory and illustrative Equipment: diagram of the solar system, videos about the Sun. New concepts, terms: Interdisciplinary communication: literature, mathematics, Course of the lesson: I. Organizational moment The bell has already rung He invited us to the lesson. II. Approximate motivational stage Communication of the topic and purpose of the lesson. III. Actualization of knowledge and practical and mental skills Check D\z Repetition of the material covered. Test. 1. The sun is: a) a planet; b) a star; c) space satellite. 2. Earth is: a) a planet; b) a star; c) space satellite. 3. Earth in size: a) larger than the Sun; b) less than the Sun; c) the same as the sun. 4. The solar system includes: a) 3 planets; b) 4 planets; c) 7 planets. Key: 16; 2a; Zb; 4c.
Notebook design: weather, topic Introductory conversation What can you say about the Sun? Answer: The sun is spherical. It is in the sky, so it is a celestial body. What can you say about the Sun from personal observations? Answer: The sun gives us light and heat. Our life on Earth is possible only thanks to the Sun. Even in ancient times, people understood this and revered the Sun. Watching the Sun, people came up with a lot of riddles, proverbs, sayings. A golden apple rolls on a blue saucer. (Sun) Not fire, but it burns painfully, not a lantern, but shines brightly, not a baker, but bakes. (Sun) IV. Operational-executive stage Read the text, highlight the most important thoughts about the Sun. (The sun illuminates and warms our planet. Without sunlight and heat, life on Earth would be impossible.) Work in pairs. Using the text, fill in the missing data: The sun is the closest to the Earth... (star). (hot) cosmic body. The sun has the shape of ... (ball). The diameter of the Sun is... (109) times the diameter of the Earth. The mass of the Sun is ... (330 thousand) times the mass of our planet. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is ... (150 million) kilometers. This is a huge... Summarize briefly what you have learned about the Sun. V. Primary test of knowledge We are in outer space. Let's see what our planet looks like from space. Video clip "Earth". VI. Consolidation, training, development of skills What is it, our planet? (The earth is spherical.) Astronauts affectionately refer to the earth as the blue planet. Why is she so blue? (There is a lot of water on Earth.) Not only is there a lot of water on Earth, but it also has an atmosphere of air, and this shell gives the planet its blueness. What else can you say about planet Earth? (It is a small planet in size. It is the third planet from the Sun. Earth's neighbors are Mars and Venus.) Note: Earth has a natural satellite. Who already guessed what it's called? (Moon) And why is the Earth also called planetasad? (Because plants grow on it.) And also because there is life on Earth thanks to the Sun. Man has always sought to use sunlight and heat, without which life on planet Earth would be impossible. (This idea runs through the entire lesson.) OBZH "Historical information about the fire department" The history of mankind is continuously connected with fire. For people, fire has been the main benefactor and one of the most dangerous enemies for centuries. Forests, villages, cities were burning in fiery whirlwinds, people and animals were dying. And already in Ancient Greece and Rome, there were special teams consisting, as a rule, of slaves and freedmen, whose duties included extinguishing fires. The appearance of the first fire pump (or water-filled fire pipe), invented by the Alexandrian scientist Ktesibey, who lived in the 12th century, also dates back to ancient times. BC. legislative power to combat household fires, recognizing them as the most common. In the lawsuit of Ivan III (1497) it is written: “Do not give the lighter a stomach, execute him with the death penalty”, Later, in 1504, fire regulations came out that prescribed: in the evenings at home
fire (torches, lamps, candles), all fire hazardous industries (blacksmithing, pottery, rifle, glass blowing, etc.) and should be located away from buildings. In fact, under Ivan III, the main areas of firefighting took shape - the prevention and extinguishing of fires. Description of fire work: “Every firefighter, all his life in the war, risks his head every minute, and then in particular: climbing on the roofs in winter, in icy conditions, when water shoots out of torn sleeves, when the thick cloth of the jacket and pants (and you can’t bend it dry ) will be made like a splint, and clumsy - huge boots, on iron nails, for accuracy, will be made like cast iron. And such a frozen uncle in icy boots clambers up the icy steps of the stairs to the flaming roof and does the most puzzling acrobatic exercises there; sometimes, huddled on the rapids of the eaves from the oncoming fire and waiting for the rescue ladder, half of the body clings to the wall, while the other hangs over the abyss ... Axemen, whose helmets sparkle through clouds of black smoke, revealing the iron of the roof, are constantly at risk of falling into a fiery tartarara. And the fireman, following the fireman, climbs into an unknown room full of smoke, and, at the risk of suffocating or being blown up by some kind of kerosene supply, looks for where the fire is and floods it. It is difficult in winter, but unbearable in summer, when fires are frequent. VII. Control and accounting of knowledge Written test: What is the importance of the Sun for life on Earth? How do people use solar energy? VIII. Health-saving technologies IX. Homework Page question № Reflective-evaluative stage What did you like? Grade
"The sun is a source of light and heat!"
The idea of the project, its goals and objectives
The sun is watching from the sky
Millions of years.
The sun pours down on the earth
And warmth and light.
But the sun will shine
And walks away
And a living heart
Warm day and night.
So the heart is better
the sun itself.
no clouds
Don't overshadow him!
(D. Gulia. Translation by S. Marshak)
Strategic partner - school library, children's library, parents .
Implementation timeline - Week 1 .
Main goals of the project
Provide perception, comprehension and primary memorization of ideas about the Sun as the closest star to the Earth, about its size and distance from the Earth to the Sun; show the significance of the Sun for all life on Earth; about the ancient luminary - the deity and his image in folk art.
To cultivate respect for the history and traditions of ancestors, to form the correct self-esteem, interaction and solidarity in the team.
Develop coherent speech when defending a project.
Project objectives
To develop in children the ability to highlight the main, essential in the material being studied, to compare and generalize the facts.
Create conditions for the development of speech and independent research activities.
Fundamental question
Why is life on Earth impossible without the Sun?
Problematic issues
What natural object is the Sun?
How important is the Sun to life on planet Earth?
How important was the sun to people in antiquity?
Study question
What is the significance of the nearest star, the Sun, for all life on Earth?
After completing the project, students will be able to:
- Describe the importance of the sun to life on Earth.
- Describe how the sun affects human life.
Project participants
Students in grades 3-4 can become participants in the project
Project participants:
students of 3 "B" class
Project coordinators
Project stages
- Formulation of the theme of the project;
- Formulation of the goals and objectives of the project;
- Dividing participants into groups;
- Choice of research topic;
- Search for information by each group;
- Discussion of emerging issues;
- Material handling;
- Report on the work performed;
- Summarizing.
- Project output (wall newspaper)
Svetlana Kasimtseva
Observation "The sun is a source of heat and light"
Observation. Topic: « The sun is a source of heat and light.
Target: Tell the children that the sun is a source of light and heat. Develop curiosity and reasoning skills. Cultivate respect for nature.
Progress of observation
The teacher asks a question.
What do plants and animals need to grow well?
Correctly. Need to the sun was shining. Sun is a hot star. it source of light and heat. in all directions from the sun spreads heat and light. If not shine the sun the earth will be dark and cold. From darkness and cold, all life on earth will perish.
The sun shines very strongly, therefore, even being far from it, we cannot look at sun, hurts the eyes. But from the sun goes not only light. but also warm. Therefore, on we are basking in the sun, us warm.
Research activity.
Invite the children to put down two pebbles. One is on Sun. the other - into the shade and cover it with a box so that it is dark. After a while, check which pebble warmer. Children conclude that sun the stone heats up faster. Than in the shadows
Ask the children to look at sun and answer questions.
How do they feel when they turn their faces to the sun?
Can they look at sun and why not?
Labor assignment.
Instruct the children to collect branches from the site.
Target: to develop industriousness.
Outdoor games:
« Sun and rain»
Target: develop attention, exercise in loose running.
"Get in the Hoop"
Target: practice throwing at a target.
Individual work
Exercise in the ability to walk on a limited surface. Develop coordination of movements.
Related publications:
Every year in our city there is a competition of children's drawings "Let there always be sunshine", which is organized by the city's education department for.
Integrated GCD "Around the World" in the senior group. Synopsis of directly educational activities on the topic: "Around the World" in senior group. Program content: introduce the parts.
Lapbook "Water is the source of life" LEPBOOK is an educational material that will help children consolidate and systematize knowledge, better understand and remember.
Observation on a walk "Where does the sun sleep?" Objectives: to form interest in the phenomena of inanimate nature: the sun, the moon, the stars. Tasks: Educational: to teach to observe phenomena on a walk.
Experiments "In the world of light" Experience "Rainbow" Relevance: in preschool age information about some of the properties of light is essential for children to understand. Explain.
Take care of the earth! Take care of the Lark at the blue zenith. Butterfly on the leaves On the paths of the sun glare On the stones of the playing crab, Over the desert,.
Nature is the source of the sense of beauty. primary school education of aesthetic feelings, the feeling of beauty is nature itself.
The mass of the Sun is times greater than the mass of the Earth and 750 times the mass of all the other planets combined.
The sun is a powerful source of energy. The sun is a powerful source of energy. The sun is the closest star to us. The sun is the closest star to us. The sun is a hot ball of gas. The sun is a hot ball of gas. The Sun belongs to the spectrum of yellow stars G with a surface temperature near the Sun belongs to the spectrum of yellow stars G with a surface temperature of about K. The Sun mainly consists of hydrogen with an admixture of 10% helium. Basically, the Sun consists of hydrogen with an admixture of 10% helium. The diameter of the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. The diameter of the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. Nuclear reactions are constantly taking place on the Sun. Nuclear reactions are constantly taking place on the Sun.
At times on the Sun you can see large dark spots. Observing sunspots through a telescope, Galileo noticed that they move across the visible solar disk. On this basis, he concluded that the Sun rotates around its axis. Observing sunspots through a telescope, Galileo noticed that they move across the visible solar disk. On this basis, he concluded that the Sun rotates around its axis. Spots are non-permanent formations. The number and shape of sunspots is constantly changing. Spots are non-permanent formations. The number and shape of sunspots is constantly changing.
The sun is the source of light and heat.
Provide perception, comprehension and primary memorization of ideas about the Sun as the closest star to the Earth, about its size and distance from the Earth to the Sun; show the significance of the Sun for all life on Earth; about the ancient luminary - the deity and his image in folk art.
To cultivate respect for the history and traditions of ancestors, to form the correct self-esteem, interaction and solidarity in the team.
Develop coherent speech when defending a project.
1. Organizational and preparatory stage.
What will we do with you to make nature friends?
To become a friend to nature, to know all its secrets,
To solve all the riddles - learn to observe.
Together we will develop quality - attentiveness.
And our curiosity will help to find out everything.
Only together, only together, it is necessary to study nature.
2. Setting learning goals.
What is nature?
What is nature like?
What are the inanimate objects?
And what objects do we attribute to living nature?
Would you like to go on a trip? Where would you like to travel?
Guess the riddle: You warm the whole world,
You don't know fatigue
Smiling at the window
And everyone calls you ... (sun)
Can you travel to the sun?
I propose to find out to which objects of nature the Sun belongs? (Inanimate nature. It is in the sky and is visible only during the day.). Prove it.
Slide
The conclusion is drawn: The sun is an inanimate object.
How fun and kind! The sun wishes us a good day and great work!! Who is ready to get to know him better?
What is the sun?
The sun is a coin, - the miser grumbled.
No, frying pan! - the glutton cried out.
No, loaf, - the baker said.
Compass, - said the sailor with conviction.
The sun is a star, the astronomer explained.
Good heart, - the dreamer decided.
So, everyone answers in their own way. We will also answer this question.
What questions do you think you need to answer in order to learn more about the Sun.
What's this?
What form?
What size?
How far?
How much weight?.
Why is it necessary?
Let's turn to our experts.
Who found the meaning of "Sun" in the dictionary?
LERA "SUN" - the central body of the solar system, a hot plasma ball. Chemical composition: hydrogen - about 90%, helium - 10%, other elements - less than 1%. The source of solar energy is the nuclear conversion of hydrogen into helium in the central region of the sun. Temperature 15 million 0 C.”
Do you understand everything in this text? ( No)
What style is the text in? ( In scientific. To understand it, you need to know the scientific terms.)
But you can highlight the main and understandable. (information understandable for children is highlighted on the slide).
sun shape
What does the sun look like?
On the board and on your cards are drawings of objects whose shape is similar to the Sun. Color them.
Let's check. What items did you paint? What is the shape of the sun? (ball shape)
Textbook work
More information can be found on the tutorial page. page 101 (reading the text and answering questions on the content)
Let's draw a conclusion from what we've read. Why is the Sun important to the Earth?
Expert's word...
SEREZHA The Sun has been warming and illuminating the Earth for billions of years. Thanks to its light and warmth, life arose and continues to develop on earth.
ZHENYA For people and all life on Earth, the Sun is a source of light and heat; the harvest and life on the planet depend on it. People have always revered the Sun and this can be seen in folklore.
slide 6 (children do physical exercise)
The sun is shining brightly in the sky, the children go out for a walk.
We found ourselves in the forest and sat down on the grass.
Flowers rose in a clearing in the forest.
They reached for the sun, smiled at the sun.
Flowers turn towards the sun.
The buds are unfolded, they will drown in the sun.
And many more poets dedicated their poems to the Sun.
Work according to the textbook: Let's read the poem by Yakov Akim "Our light, the sun!" ( page 98).
How long do you think it will take us to fly to the sun?
How do you think the sun is harmful or beneficial?
4. Skill building scientific organization labor.
We must scientifically substantiate the significance of the Sun for life on Earth. For this, apart from theoretical knowledge, we also need practical knowledge.
ARTHUR PICTURE I have observed the appearance of the Sun on Earth. It rises from the East and brings light and warmth, and when it comes to the West, it becomes dark and cool, there is a change of day and night. And depending on the height of the Sun and the movement of the Earth around it, the seasons change.
KATIA PICTURE I have had such an experience. I planted two shoots. I put the first one in a well-lit room, and the second one I put in dark room. The conclusion was this: only in the light can plants grow well, but in the dark they die. This means that all life on Earth depends on the Sun.
GLORY MIRROR I took a mirror for my experiment and pointed it at a sunbeam. On the ceiling I saw a bright spot "sunbeam". This suggests that sunlight is reflected in objects.
Since ancient times, people have decorated dishes, clothes, composed riddles, proverbs about the sun. Celebrations were held in his honor.
NASTYA B. The ancient Slavs revered the Sun as a deity. YARILO (Yar). The first time Yarilov Day was celebrated in April - as a holiday of rebirth to life. The second time is closer to the middle of summer. The youth gathered outside the village, chose a girl, it was the bride of Yarila, dressed her in all white, decorated her head with a wreath. They put it near the birch, danced around it, sang songs, honored Yarila and Yarilikha. With the onset of darkness, numerous candles were lit - this is a sign of the return of the Sun.
Let's go back to the question we asked at the beginning of the lesson.
Can we take a trip to the sun?
6. Reflection.
Guys, this is the end of our lesson. Did you like it? Draw the mood for the sun.
The sun makes people happy and warms the earth with its warmth. It gives its warm rays to each of us. It lives in every person, and from this we become kinder, more affectionate, more attentive. The sun lives in each of us!
Children! Be like the sun! Our heart loves the words "I love you!" - it will learn to say these words to a pebble, and a sparkling grain of sand, and grass, and a flower ... and to the whole world.
A kind person has a radiant, sunny smile. Let's once again give our smiles to each other.
7. Lesson summary:
Summarize:
found out
remembered
I repeated
surprised
Evaluation of children by the teacher.
8. Homework:
Page _____ task ____
Today you were artists of thought, word, image, feeling and created a wonderful verbal picture. At home you are the painters of the brush. Draw your picture, give it a title, come up with a story.
How do you think the sun is harmful or beneficial?
1. The sun is...
o Satellite
o Planet
2. A star is made up of…
3. The sun refers to ...
o Wildlife
o Inanimate nature
o Man-made objects
4. The sun is shaped...
5. The sun brings...
o Harm and benefit
6. Scientists who study stars are called…
o Astronomers