Not so long ago, mass production of engines that operate on natural gas began. Such motors are much less polluting, emitting fewer harmful substances, and also have a lower cost. May 14, 2013 The Russian government has launched a law stating that more than half of all public urban vehicles will be converted to gas fuel. However, natural gas is not as readily available at gas stations as petrol or diesel. Therefore, the transition was carried out mainly in large transport companies with a single central filling station. Some motorists - owners of cars, trucks, SUVs - will also be able to switch to gas fuel by converting their car.
Features of gas engines
The most common types of fuel are compressed and liquefied natural gas under pressure - CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) - compressed natural gas of methane, or LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) - liquefied natural gas propane. Passenger cars mainly consume LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) - liquefied propane-butane gas. For heavy trucks, the main fuel is CNG. Such fuel has several qualitative characteristics - the degree of contamination with other gases, the hydrocarbon formula, and the calorific value. In the case of mobile or stationary gas engines, care should be taken in the choice of fuel, as it can have an aggressive effect on the engine.
Oils for gas engines
Manufacturers of vehicles running on gas fuel have put forward a number of requirements for fuels and lubricants:
- Greater resistance to high temperatures and, as a result, an increase in the number of anti-corrosion components.
- Increased lubricating properties of oils, since petroleum species have some of the same properties, unlike gas fuels.
- Reduction of detergent-dispersant properties, as there is a more complete combustion of gas fuel, unlike gasoline. In this case, the alkaline components of the oils responsible for these properties can only harm the engine.
- Reduced nitrogen content in oils for gas engines, since during its combustion there is an increased appearance of nitrogen oxides, which adversely affect motors.
- Composition that prevents oil from evaporating as higher temperatures are present.
It is very important to use specifically specialized engine oils for gas engines, since when using standard products, it ages the fastest, as well as burnout and destruction of valve components due to higher thermal loads.
What does the Russian market offer
To date, there are relatively few manufacturers of motor oils specializing in gas engines on the domestic market. Passenger cars with gas engines most often consume the same oil as their gasoline counterparts. Grades such as Shell Mysella LA40 and Shell Mysella 15W40, as well as Mobil Pegasus 1/705/710/805/1005, have been developed for CNG type truck engines. All these types of oils are presented in online stores, in various volumes.
Every car owner should know this:
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In general, I’ve been driving recently in the car, I’m listening to music at medium volume and then I hear that from the left rear side it began to rattle to the beat of the music &n...Domestic trucks of the Gorky Automobile Plant have been popular since the Soviet period. As you know, engine oils, and GAS is no exception, must have high adhesive properties and reliably protect the main mechanisms of the system from corrosion, effectively remove heat from the rubbing surfaces of parts and prevent wear.
General characteristics of oil for GAS
According to the operating conditions for the functioning of internal combustion engines: pressure, temperature indicators, the force of frictional interaction of parts, as well as the material of their manufacture, various types of motor oils are used for GAZ vehicles.
They have one thing in common: high-quality lubricants should not change their original characteristics during operation or under the influence of temperature fluctuations.
At the same time, they must meet the requirements of the car manufacturer and the general approval. The composition should not contain harmful waste and impurities, alkalis and acids. For each engine separately, a lubricant component is used with a certain level of viscosity, temperature solidification and stability.
As for viscosity, this indicator demonstrates the resistance of particles to mutual movement. If the oil has a high degree of viscosity, then it is difficult enough to penetrate into the engine and is poorly sprayed.
Accordingly, if this parameter is not observed, the oil has a negative effect on reducing the friction of parts, which leads to rapid engine wear. Viscosity is usually indicated by numbers in front of the letter indicating the brand. Thus, the higher the index, the greater the degree of viscosity.
As for stability, this means its ability not to change the original properties for a long time. This is an extremely important factor for the operation of GAZ vehicles. The solidification of a lubricant indicates its temperature at which it loses its properties of mobility.
Lubricants for GAZ power units are indicated by numbers and alphabetic characters. The number is the degree of viscosity, the letter M and subsequent numbers show performance.
Oil for GAZ 53
In ICE 53 models, AC8 or M8B off-season lubricants are usually used. The first marking is an older version of the designation of oils. The letter A indicated motors with carburetors, C was the cleaning method, the last digit showed the degree of viscosity of the liquid.
For the most efficient operation of the oil, it is recommended to use special additives in the GAZ engine. They increase the viscosity of the main lubricant, and also do not allow strong fluidity and increase the performance of the system. For GAZ, complex additives are usually used that change some of the properties of the oil.
Lubricant for the GAZ 3110 motor
For ICE 3110 with 8 cylinders, it is necessary to use natural-based oil with a viscosity level of 15w30, 10w30. Also recommended for use is semi-synthetics with a viscosity of 10w40 from Gazpromneft, Lukoil.
If the vehicle is actively used in severe frosts, then it is necessary to fill in synthetic products with a viscosity level of 5w40. However, for such engines, it is best to use lubricants on mineral and semi-synthetic bases.
As for the volume of car oil, for the GAZ 3110 motor system it is necessary to use about 8 liters, and in old 3.5 engines - no more than 7 liters. The interval for changing the lubricant is carried out upon reaching 5000-7000 km, according to operating conditions.
Engine oil GAZ 3307
For power units with 8 cylinders on a gasoline basis, it is recommended to use engine fluids with a viscosity level of 10w40 and 5w40 on a semi-synthetic basis. You can also fill in mineral water with a viscosity of 20w50, 15w40. Factory oils were developed specifically for the 3107 model:
- Master 10w40;
- Professional 5w40;
- Mineral oil Original and Standard.
Any factory lubricants can be changed to alternative foreign options. Filling will require 10 liters. Replacements are carried out upon reaching 7,000-10,000 km of run according to operating conditions.
For diesel-based engines with volumes of 4.75 and 4.43 liters, it is necessary to use about 12 liters of lubricant. As a fill, it is recommended to use liquids on a mineral or semi-synthetic basis. The viscosity level is 15w40, 5w40, 10w40. Replacement frequency - upon reaching 7,000-10,000 km of run.
If there is a desire or need to replace the factory oil with identical analogues, then any mineral compositions can be used. Experienced motorists recommend using motor lubricants from manufacturers:
- Lukoil;
- Gazpromneft;
- Castrol;
- Shell.
The main thing is not to forget that the product must correspond to the level of viscosity depending on the operation of the car for certain weather conditions.
Motor lubricant for GAZ 21
For Volga power units of the first generation of 1968, off-season mineral-based fluids with a viscosity level of 15w20 and SG quality are relevant. If we are talking about newer vehicle configurations, then for the cold season it is recommended to fill in 5w20 SG mineral water.
Any selected car oil must be checked against factory requirements and specifications for GAZ 21, as well as maintenance intervals. Basically, owners of 21 models use semi-synthetic oils with a viscosity level of 10w40. They work great at any time of the year.
About 6 liters are used for replacement. In summer, it is recommended to use mineral lubricants with a change interval of 7 - 10,000 km. As for the brand, it is worth giving preference to the above options.
Oils for GAS in winter
Thanks to the marking, each GAZ owner can choose the most optimal oil for his car model. In winter, the lubricant must be selected according to temperature and viscosity characteristics. Ideally, these are compounds with a viscosity of 0w30 to 10w40.
0w30 is less viscous, but even in severe frosts -30 / -40 it does not lose its original flow properties and interacts well with internal combustion engines.
As for oils with an indicator of 5w30, they are also used in winter, when mild frosts are observed. Oils with an index of 10w30 are recommended for use in regions where milder weather conditions are observed.
Marking 10w40 demonstrates versatility. That is, the lubricant can be used in areas where temperatures down to -5 ° C are observed.
Do not forget the fact that a lower indicator shows the level of viscosity during the heating period of the engine and its further reaching operating temperatures. If the oil has too much fluidity, then it will not be able to guarantee full protection of the GAZ engine compared to thicker lubricants.
In other words, it can be said that with high fluidity, a thinner, less reliable film is formed to protect the main mechanisms of the GAS system. Accordingly, in order to be sure of the instant start of a cold unit, it is best to use lubricants with a viscosity level of 5w30, 5w40, 15w30.
When taking into account the features of the operation of a GAZ car, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and fill in better products in accordance with the climatic zone.
For example, if the technical instructions indicate that it is necessary to use 10w40 or 5w30 oils for a particular car model, then it is necessary to select fluids taking into account the possible decrease in the temperature conditions of a particular region.
The generally accepted rule when choosing engine oil for a car is to give preference to the properties that are indicated in the car's instruction manual. These are the SAE viscosity classification, API or ACEA performance properties, and the automaker's approval number. At the same time, these tolerances take into account the operation of the engine on gasoline and diesel fuel, but do not take into account situations if gas-balloon equipment (LPG) was installed on the engine to operate on liquefied gas (LPG, propane-butane mixture). Automakers, even in the case of modifications with a bi-fuel power system - gasoline or gas, recommend engine oil for running on gasoline, since these engines are designed to run on this particular fuel.
If HBO was installed outside the factory and there are no factory recommendations for choosing oil in the operation manual, then the easiest way is to follow the requirements of the automaker for a serially installed gasoline engine, i.e. viscosity, specification and change interval for oil do not change. Although, if possible, you can take into account the factor of the engine running on gas.
Legends of HBO
There are many legends about the dangers of gas for an internal combustion engine, but they all came from the past, when gas equipment was still primitive and could not be finely adjusted, and internal combustion engines themselves were designed for other thermal operating modes. As a result, the most common engine failures were burnouts of pistons and valves. Moreover, in taxi companies, some lovers of active drive had to repair Volga motors almost quarterly.
Decades have passed since then and everything has changed. Many engines have been upgraded to handle tougher high speeds on the Autobahn so they can easily handle higher operating temperatures. Also, a number of motors were armed with valve clearance hydraulic compensators, so there was no need to adjust the thermal clearances of the valves, which in a motor with a conventional timing, when running on gas, need to be done twice as often as on gasoline. By the way, many people forgot to do this not only in the past, but also now: in those engines where there are no hydraulic lifters.
Modern, highly accelerated engines with high-precision fourth-generation LPG operate on liquefied gas much longer.
As for HBO, it has become much more accurate in metering the fuel supply, which means that the likelihood of overheating has decreased. But with all these changes in the design of car engines and the change in generations of LPG, some features of the operation of liquefied gas engines still remain.
So, the specific heat of combustion of the gas-air mixture is greater and it burns longer, so the temperature in the engine cylinders is higher. Accordingly, this has a negative effect on engine oil, increases the tendency to form deposits, and accelerates oil oxidation. In addition, even at the present time, there are HBO installers who cannot properly mount and configure the equipment, as a result of which the fuel supply is disrupted, which means that the likelihood of both over-enrichment of the gas-air mixture and over-depletion increases. In both cases, the engine overheats. And at a high combustion temperature of the gas-air mixture and under the influence of excess oxygen in a lean mixture, intensive oxidation of oil hydrocarbon compounds occurs. The resulting resinous substances, soot particles (carbon particles, carbon deposits) and varnishes can lead to a loss of mobility of the piston rings, a deterioration in their sealing ability, and in the worst case, to bedding, which immediately negatively affects engine power, efficiency, consumption oil for waste and the environmental friendliness of its work.
Large temperature overloads, poor-quality or inappropriate engine oil, untimely replacement of it are factors that can lead, for example, to jamming of valve clearance hydraulic compensators.
In view of these features, when operating a car converted to run on liquefied gas, it is desirable to use oils with increased resistance to thermal degradation and having improved cleaning properties. But are they released? It turns out yes!
The use of special engine oils for cars with LPG allows you to neutralize the negative factors that arise when a gasoline engine runs on liquefied gas.
Special oils for HBO cars
Oils for LPG engines are available, for example, in the OPET product range. Car owners are offered three types of motor oil with a different base base and in different, most popular in Ukraine, viscosity classes. These are Fullmax LPG 5W-40 Full Synthetic Oil (ACEA A3/B4; API SN), Fullmax LPG 10W-40 Synthetic Base Oil (ACEA A3/B4; API SL/CF) and Fulllife LPG 5W-30 Synthetic Base Oil ( ACEA A5/B5, A1/B1; API SL/CF; Renault RN 0700). They cover the needs of most foreign cars on which HBO has been installed.
Opet range of oils for engines running on liquefied gas (LPG).
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OPET Fullmax LPG 5W-40 oil (ACEA A3/B4; API SN) is offered for the most massive generations of foreign car engines in Ukraine equipped with LPG.
For cars with engines of earlier generations, including carburetors, Opet Fullmax LPG 10W-40 oil (ACEA A3 / B4; API SL / CF) is available.
For engines requiring low-viscosity, energy-saving oils, the OPET range includes Fulllife LPG 5W-30 (ACEA A5/B5, A1/B1; API SL/CF; Renault RN 0700).
In the formulation of this line of oils, chemists-technologists of the research center of the OPET plant paid the most attention to the optimal selection of base oils, antioxidant and detergent-dispersant additives. The used detergent-dispersant additives prevent the formation of deposits in the engine, and already formed carbon deposits and oxidation products are washed off the engine surfaces and retain them in the form of microscopic particles in the oil volume until the next replacement.
Oil for engines running on gas is labeled LPG, which stands for Liquified Petroleum Gas (from English - liquefied petroleum gas).
Thanks to such properties, the mobility of the piston rings is maintained in the engine, the resource of various mechanisms with very narrow oil channels, for example, hydraulic compensators and hydraulic tensioners, is increased. The use of special oil will significantly extend the life of the engine as a whole.
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Many car owners are converting their vehicles to run on gas fuel. Most often this is . Switching the car to gas reduces the cost of refueling, and improves the working conditions of the engine. In connection with the change in the type of fuel, motorists often have a question about replacing the lubricant for the engine, from standard to oil for gas engines.
There is an opinion among drivers that after switching to gas, due to a change in the combustion temperature of gas fuel, there is an increased loss of lubricant and the formation of ash deposits. They, in turn, contribute to the rapid wear of the cylinder-piston group and exhaust system components. Because of what it is necessary to change engine oil to a special (low-ash) one for gas-powered engines.
Motul engine oil (Motul) for a motor with LPG
A propane-butane mixture burns at a temperature higher than that of gasoline. Methane burns at the same temperature as gasoline.
But the lubricant burns in the engine only when it enters the combustion chamber, where even the most modern liquid will also not withstand the load. In addition, a number of other factors can influence the formation of soot:
- Fuel and lubricant quality;
- The degree of serviceability of the power unit.
Undoubtedly, there are improved characteristics in the composition of oils for gas engines, but this is done to a greater extent to improve environmental performance. Moreover, the cost of such motor oil is an order of magnitude higher, and the main goal for which gas-balloon equipment is installed is to reduce the cost of maintaining a car. Also, judging by the reviews of HBO installers and car owners, after changing the lubricant, there are no changes in engine operation.
What oil to choose for an engine with LPG?
The main function of engine oil is to lubricate and cool the rubbing parts of the engine, thereby protecting them from premature wear. To do this, it is enough to find the recommendations of the manufacturer, your motor and follow them in order to maintain proper engine operating conditions.
In other cases, you should be guided by the following tips:
- You need to choose high-quality synthetic or semi-synthetic fluids, abandoning seasonal and mineral oils;
- It’s not worth saving, fill in materials from trusted brands - Shell, BP, Mobil1, Liqui Molly and others;
- Be extremely careful when choosing a supplier and manufacturer;
- Beware of fakes, old and draft oils from unknown barrels;
- You need to use one type of selected oil, without changing it with each change;
- The choice of fluid is also influenced by driving style and operating conditions.
In this case, you will save the resource of the power plant and achieve maximum efficiency of its work.
Grease change interval
Gas contains fewer impurities than gasoline. Therefore, the lubricant darkens less during operation.
The gasoline unit does not always easily tolerate the transition to gas. Its operational characteristics change, the mode of operation of fuel injection changes. However, experts recommend maintain the factory fluid change intervals if the car is equipped with HBO . This will extend the life of the motor and protect it from excessive wear.
Video on the topic: Engine oil for a gas engine.
How to choose oil for gas engines? This question interests many motorists. Recently, vehicle owners are concerned not only with the degree of environmental safety of the operation of their car, but also with the financial costs associated with this.
Gas, unlike other fuels, pollutes the atmosphere less. Candles and various parts and components of cars with gas engines last much longer.
But first things first:
- Combustion of gas in the engine is accompanied by much lower emissions into the atmosphere than any other fuel, especially gasoline.
- Extended life of engine components through more economical use of engine oil.
- The absence of cases of detonation favorably affects the condition of parts and assemblies.
- The engine power of the car is provided by a leaner combustible mixture, which significantly affects the overall efficiency of the car.
- Engine spark plugs last much longer.
At the same time, gas mixtures are also cheaper, which is important in modern conditions. The most popular gaseous mixtures on the market today are the following types of hydrocarbon fuels:
- compressed methane based on natural gas (CNG);
- petroleum-based liquefied propane-butane mixture (LCD).
But even such wonderful gas engines have a number of not very pleasant features inherent in the entire family of such engines:
- The result of combustion of the gas mixture is the formation of a significant volume of water vapor. This fact puts forward its own conditions for the use of motor oils: they must be resistant to water.
- During the combustion of the fuel mixture, another rather aggressive product is released - nitrogen oxide. Nitrogen compounds have no right to impair the functional suitability of engine oil.
- A feature of the formation of the gas-air mixture is its high sensitivity to the ash formed after the reaction. To reduce its amount, the oil should be chosen with a minimum amount of organometallic additives, which are the main cause of the increased ash content of the oil.
- At low temperatures, starting a gas engine is quite problematic. In such cases, you should think about changing the type of oil.
- When modifying a gasoline engine to run on gas fuel, fundamental design changes are usually not made. This makes it possible to operate a converted car using the same oils as before the conversion. According to their main functional characteristics, oils such as SAE 10W-40 and SAE 15W-40 are suitable for gas engines.
- It is not at all necessary to use just such a brand of engine oil, the main thing is that the selected product meets the above requirements as much as possible. Similar rules exist for engines converted from gasoline engines.
For diesel engines converted to gas, there are slightly different requirements. Manufacturers of such cars set the condition for the obligatory compliance of oils for such motors with regulations formed according to the results of special tests. Unfortunately, to date, such requirements for engine oils have been published by only a few leading automakers:
- Daimler Chrysler issued a regulation for MB 226.9 oil;
- MAN has certified its M3271 engine oil;
- Renault produces certified RGD oil.
The rest are content with issuing special recommendations according to the API or ACEA classifications, imposing on them their own additional requirements for the content of certain substances in the final product.
How to choose oil for an engine running on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
The cost of maintaining a car has long come out on top, exceeding the cost of the car itself. In the current difficult financial and economic conditions, such spending for many is becoming an unaffordable luxury. Nobody is in a hurry to give up their personal transport, it remains to look for a worthy alternative. Today, liquefied natural gas is increasingly becoming such an alternative.
Sufficiently high start-up costs have not deterred vehicle owners for a long time. The result of further operation shows that a one-time investment of funds will allow you to receive significant regular savings in the future.
An increasing number of car owners come to this conclusion, and there are more and more cars running on gas around.
To switch to gas, re-equipping a car is absolutely not enough; you need to clearly know how to properly care for a converted engine. Only such an approach will make the savings real.
Otherwise, you will only get a lot of additional problems, including those related to finances.
In order not to spend money on constant repairs, it is better to invest in good motor oil once.
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Reasons for the need for special engine oil
An engine running on gaseous fuel creates conditions of much higher temperatures in the engine cylinders than its diesel and gasoline counterparts. This factor significantly affects the required properties of engine oil.
Under the influence of such a temperature, ordinary oil will simply burn out, leaving behind a large amount of ash and other formations that can damage not only the elements of the piston system, but also the motor as a whole.
This close relationship makes the correct choice of oils for such vehicles so important.