Vitamin spring greens are always welcome on the dinner table. Not so long ago, ramson became very popular - a delicate salad herb with a garlic flavor and aroma. To replenish vitamins, diversify the diet and update the range of healthy greens in the garden, you need to know how to grow wild garlic.
- What is wild garlic
- Planting bulbs
- Stratification
- Sowing seeds
- Plant care in the country
- Sowing without stratification
- How to grow wild garlic on a windowsill
What is wild garlic
This is a perennial bulbous plant that is part of the same family as garlic and onions. A plant with an early growing season. Its greenery breaks through the snow and cold ground already in early April. The bulbs of the plant are small, 1 to 2 cm in diameter, depending on the variety. Plant height varies from 15 to 40 cm.
Wild garlic is valued for its delicious greens with a light garlic aroma. Young leaves have a record high amount of ascorbic acid, as well as amino acids and bioflavonoids. After studying the composition and useful properties of the plant, its wild thickets began to quickly disappear due to active collection along with the bulbs. Today wild garlic is listed in the Red Book of many countries.
So what is wild garlic and where does it grow? Bear onion is the second name of wild garlic. It is found in the European part of Russia, in Belarus, Western Europe. Grows in deciduous and mixed forests, lowlands, near marshes, along river banks. It loves moisture and partial shade, so it is almost never found in coniferous forests. Young greens, wild garlic bulbs and flower arrows, which are pickled and fermented, are eaten.
Greens are added to salads, sauces, arrows are used as a snack. When collecting wild garlic in natural conditions, it is done as early as possible in April-May, since by the flowering period the leaves become stiff and acquire too rich taste and aroma.
How wild garlic breeds, varieties
Under natural conditions, the bear's onion reproduces by bulbs and seeds that ripen in August. In a few years, a whole meadow of wild garlic develops from 5-6 bulbs. Aggressive collection of greens greatly weakens the bulbs, which degenerate after 2-3 years.
How to grow wild garlic in the garden? For this, both bulbs and seeds are used. In the first case, you can get greens in a year, in the second - in 2-3 years. When buying seeds, pay attention to the timing. Ramson seeds lose their germination after a year. There are 2 types of wild garlic and several varieties. Kinds:
- Victorious onion is a large plant up to 70 cm high, the rhizome of which consists of several bulbs. The leaves are broad lanceolate, garlic op taste and aroma. Flowers smell like honey, decorative;
- Bear onion - a plant up to 40 cm high with thin leaves, like a lily of the valley, white fragrant inflorescences, tender and juicy greens. Listed in the Red Book.
Ramson garden or cultivated is represented by three varieties: Bear cub, Bear ear and Bear delicacy. They differ in leaf size and yield. The most fruitful is the Bear's Ear, which gives up to 2.5 kg of greenery per 1 m2. It is grown in whole plantations in open ground and greenhouses.
Planting bulbs
How to breed wild garlic in a summer cottage quickly and effortlessly? For this, planting bulbs is suitable. Sometimes greens in the market or in garden centers are sold whole with young bulbs. Such a plant can be brought home, cut off some of the greenery and plant the bulbs in properly prepared soil. To do this, in a summer cottage, they choose a place under the crown of a large tree, near the western wall of a farm building or near a fence, where direct sunlight does not fall.
The soil is prepared like this:
- mix 1 part of peat with 2 parts of sod land;
- add leaf humus, which can be collected in the forest;
- add ash and vermiculite if the soil is too heavy.
Before planting, the site is dug up, weeds are removed, and filled with prepared soil. It is better to do this in the fall. How to plant wild garlic with bulbs in open ground? The bulbs are planted in grooves to a depth of 10 cm. The distance between the planting material is 15-20 cm. Plantings are watered every day for a week for rooting. To maintain soil moisture, mulch with rotted foliage. The best time for planting bulbs is early May.
Stratification
How to grow wild garlic from seeds? Under natural conditions, seeds become viable only after winter stratification. Without it, friendly and high-quality shoots will not work. Under artificial conditions, stratification is carried out in a refrigerator or on a glazed loggia, where the air temperature does not fall below -3 ° C.
Stratification of wild garlic seeds at home - stages:
- soak the seeds in warm water for 1 hour;
- ignite river sand in the oven;
- pour sand into a shallow container;
- sow seeds from above, without deepening the soil and without moistening;
- cover with a lid or polyethylene, put in a cool place (refrigerator) for 3 months.
Periodically, the container is taken out of the refrigerator and checked for mold and mildew. After 3 months, the seeds are ready for planting. Of course, growing wild garlic from bulbs is a simpler process, but a lot of planting material is obtained from seeds.
Sowing seeds
Growing wild garlic bear's ear seeds involves planting young bulbs in open ground only after a year, and getting greenery after another 2 years. After stratification, the seeds are placed in trays with moistened soil and sprinkled with 1 cm of peat on top. The container is placed in a warm, dark room, covered with polyethylene on top. Shoots will appear in 3-4 weeks. These are thin hairs that need to be dived after 2-3 weeks.
It will take the plant almost a year to form a bulb. All this time, pots with wild garlic are kept at home or in a greenhouse, regularly watered and fertilized with complex fertilizers.
How to plant wild garlic in spring? In May, after an increase in the average daily air temperature, the strengthened sprouts are planted in grooves, the distance between which is 50-60 cm. The current and next seasons, the bulbs are watered and fed abundantly, allowing the green mass and root system to grow. Greens are not cut.
If there is no shady place on the site, and the site itself is high, wild garlic is grown in greenhouses, where they maintain high humidity and protect the plants from the bright sun. In such conditions, juicy greens are obtained from March to October. Planting and caring for wild garlic in greenhouse conditions does not differ from that produced when growing a plant in open ground. The main thing is watering, weed removal and regular top dressing.
Plant care in the country
Growing wild garlic in the country is a laborious process only in the first 2 years. The most important thing is to create conditions for the plant to form a full-fledged bulb. If the plant for the 3rd year gives a good increase in greenery and releases a flower arrow, then everything is done correctly and you can harvest vitamin products for all future seasons.
If the soil is heavy on the site, groundwater lies close to the surface, plantings are regularly loosened to increase aeration. Weeds are regularly removed, especially wheatgrass, which damages soft young wild garlic bulbs. Water plantings as the soil dries. Bear bow does not like stagnant moisture.
Organic matter is added to the soil in early spring. This is rotted manure or nitrogen fertilizers. Later, the plant needs phosphorus and potassium to develop the peduncle and produce seeds. These elements increase the frost resistance of garden crops, so they can be applied at the end of summer.
The time for collecting wild garlic for greens lasts from April to May, and the shadier the place of growth, the juicier and tastier the greens. In the sun and in the heat, wild garlic becomes smaller, the leaves coarsen. Bulbs for edible purposes are harvested in August after the seeds have been collected.
Sowing without stratification
If a small plantation of wild garlic has already formed in the country, plantings can be updated with freshly harvested seeds without artificial stratification. This refers to the planting of wild garlic before winter in open ground.
The seeds of the plant are harvested in August and left stored in a cool place until October. Since autumn, a plot is prepared for sowing, weeds are removed, loosened, and humus is introduced. In mid-October, when the air temperature drops rapidly, the seeds are scattered over the surface of the prepared area, lightly covered with a rake, and sprinkled on top with dry foliage collected on the site.
After natural stratification, young sprouts appear in spring. As a rule, seedlings are not always friendly due to unstable weather conditions. Home stratification gives the best result, therefore, for laying the first bed or plantation, wild garlic is grown from seeds in seedlings.
How to grow wild garlic on a windowsill
To obtain spicy juicy greens, wild garlic is grown all year round on the windowsill. To do this, choose a northern window into which bright sunlight does not fall. The pot is chosen with a diameter of 40 cm, and a depth of about 30-40 cm, so that the bulbs can give a powerful root system and develop a dense bush.
Land for a pot is taken in a deciduous forest - light, nutritious, breathable. 10-15 bulbs are planted in one pot. It is better to transfer the plant from the forest in early spring, when the greenery is just beginning to break through the soil and snow, or in late autumn, when the wild garlic has faded. But in autumn it is difficult to find bulbs in the forest, you need to know the exact place where the bear’s onion grows.
How to grow wild garlic all year round at home? In the first year after planting, the plant is not disturbed by cuttings. The bulbs should be strong and well rooted. Do not allow the soil to dry out and bright sunlight. In winter, a pot of wild garlic is placed in a cool place away from batteries so that the greens do not dry out. Can be placed on a table in the back of the room.
In addition to watering, wild garlic is fed once a month with complex mineral fertilizers for salad greens. It is better to use liquid top dressing. Every year the plant develops one additional bulb, so after 3 years the pot is changed to a larger one in diameter or a spicy clearing is planted in two containers.
From a pot, wild garlic can be transplanted into a garden or greenhouse from spring to autumn.
If the seeds of the plant are not needed, and the arrows are not eaten, the flower stalks are cut off so that all the nutrients go to the development of new leaves and bulbs, and not the formation of fruits. If wild garlic liked the care and indoor microclimate, it will provide the family with vitamin greens all year round.
Bear onions are unique in their composition and useful properties, so they try to prepare greens for future use in a variety of ways. These are freezing, pickling, pickling, boiling, salting. In Europe, whole festivals are held in honor of the plant, where people are introduced to the cultivation of the plant and treated to dishes prepared from it. Here she is - a valuable wild garlic!
How to grow wild garlic - video
Ramson or wild onion is a very useful perennial plant, which is valued due to the large amount of vitamins and nutrients. Ramson and its cultivation from seeds are of interest to all supporters of a healthy lifestyle, because eating leaves, bulbs, arrows has a positive effect on the digestive and endocrine systems. Tips for growing wild garlic at home can be found in the article.
Ramson or wild onion is a very useful perennial plant, which is valued for its large amount of vitamins and nutrients.
Ramson, growing from seeds: when to plant?
According to the reviews of successful summer residents, it is not difficult to grow wild garlic in the country, the main thing is to create natural conditions for the plant in which it usually grows. Wild onions in nature can be found in Altai, Siberia and the Far East. It grows in places with light shading. Ramson loves moisture and calcium soils. Knowing these features, the summer resident will receive a large amount of fresh greenery.
Seeds of wild garlic sprout when planted in well-warmed soil. When the air temperature reaches +18 degrees, it's time to start sowing. Summer residents recommend sowing wild garlic in late April - early May, or already at the end of summer - in August, September. In spring, wild onions take root well and give excellent shoots. In order for wild garlic to please the summer resident with juicy, delicate greenery, it is important to create optimal growing conditions for the plant, namely:
- the site for planting wild onions should not be too sunny. Does not like the plant to grow in the shade. Under the influence of sunlight, wild garlic leaves become hard and small. Penumbra is just an ideal place for sowing seeds. For example, you can organize a bed in the depths of the garden;
- wild garlic is a demanding crop for watering. At the same time, do not overmoisten the soil, otherwise the roots will begin to rot. You can water wild garlic every day. However, the ground must be easily permeable. To do this, you can provide for drainage or dig a site with sand before planting;
- The soil for planting should be slightly acidic, loose. It is recommended to mix it with humus.
In order for wild garlic seeds to give good shoots in the spring, it is important to carry out a stratification procedure before planting. For this purpose, they are kept for a month or more in the refrigerator, in a vegetable store. In April - May, you can start sowing. Hand-picked seeds germinate well.
Ramson: planting seeds at home
Ramson and its cultivation from seeds are of interest to all supporters of a healthy lifestyle, because eating leaves, bulbs, arrows has a positive effect on the digestive and endocrine systems
After carrying out the pre-planting preparation of seeds, choosing a planting site, you can start sowing the material. To do this, grooves are made in the area up to 5 cm deep, where seeds are sown, previously mixed with sand. This makes it easier to control crops. After the bed is moistened.
You can grow wild garlic at home in an ordinary flower pot. A deep flowerpot is suitable, since the wild garlic bulb develops at a depth of about 20 cm. After stratification, the seeds are sown in a container with soil, sprinkled with them, and moistened with a spray bottle. The container is covered with a transparent film and sent to a dark, cool place. After 2-3 weeks, it is recommended to place the flowerpot with seeds in a warm, but not sunny place.
Wild grows well in moist soil. Watering is recommended to be done daily using a spray bottle. It is recommended not to cut the leaves in the first year after planting wild garlic. Let the plant get stronger and grow well. In autumn, when wild garlic fades, it is sent for storage in a dark, cool place. However, from time to time the plant should be taken out and moistened the soil.
3 years after sowing the seeds, wild garlic bulbs will develop in the flowerpot, which can be used to propagate the plant. Wild garlic is carefully dug up, the bulbs are separated and planted in open ground or transplanted into other deep containers.
Growing wild garlic from seeds at home, video:
Ramson, growing from the seeds of which is described in the article, is a troublesome, but very exciting activity. Wild onions bloom beautifully and are often grown in quality. However, eating bulbs and aerial parts is very beneficial for health, because wild garlic is a storehouse of vitamins and microelements. Have you managed to grow wild garlic at home? We invite you to share your experience in the comments.
Ramson belongs to the herbaceous perennial plants of the onion family. Two types of culture are widespread and popular: victorious and bear onions. Under natural conditions wild garlic grows in the Far East, the Caucasus and Siberia.
Bear onion is a small bush from 20 to 50 cm in height, growing in clearings in mixed and deciduous forests.
Victorious onion grows up to 70 cm tall, has an umbrella inflorescence with pale green flowers. It is also called Siberian wild garlic. It is more frost-resistant than bear.
Ramson blooms
Wild garlic leaves are similar to lily of the valley: they are just as wide and green. But the plant does not throw out bells, but an arrow peduncle with a spherical inflorescence consisting of many small white flowers.
- Well-drained soil;
- Soil with enough calcium;
- A place in the shade or with little shading;
- Mulching plantings.
Important! In the northern regions (for example, Novosibirsk or the Urals), Pobedny or Kolba onions are chosen for cultivation. Any variety grows in the Moscow region.
Ramson how to grow
Wild onions are not demanding to care for and the question of how to grow wild garlic in the country is not difficult. The bed can be broken in the shade of fruit trees or shrubs, near sheds and fences. If there is no such place, a site in the sun is also suitable, but in this case the plant will have to be watered more often. But in this case, the onion will also grow faster, and more seeds will be tied. The onion loves water, but does not tolerate excess moisture, so drainage is arranged for it in low flooded places. Sour earth does not suit him, it needs to be limed. When the wild garlic leaves dry up, watering is reduced.
wild garlic flowers
Wild onions can be grown in one place for many years, while it gradually rises from the ground. In spring or autumn, a small layer of humus is poured onto the garden bed. It will replace top dressing and sprinkle the plants with the desired soil depth. Planting seedlings and wild garlic seeds is carried out in autumn and spring.
How wild garlic breeds
There are three ways to propagate wild onions:
- seeds;
- bulbs;
- The division of the bush.
Propagation by vegetative means is the most efficient. Planted bulbs should be juicy, with roots and without damage. A distance of 20 cm is left between the holes for planting, the bulbs are deepened into the ground by 2-3 cm, the beds are mulched with fallen leaves of trees (but not fruit trees). Mulch will retain moisture in the soil for a long time. For propagation, the bushes carefully, so as not to damage the roots, dig and separate the bulbs. They need to be planted separately. Bulbs can be transplanted in October.
It is difficult to buy bulbs for planting. But if they were found, they check the quality of the planting material and the roots. They shouldn't be dry. Wild ramson onions react painfully to a lack of moisture.
If seeds are collected from their own plants, they take into account that wild garlic seeds do not ripen at the same time, so they are periodically planted and shake the plants so that ripe seeds fall into the prepared container. When sowing seeds, they are not buried in the ground, but scattered over the surface and mulched on top with a small layer of soil.
Ramson growing from seeds
It is difficult to propagate bear onions with seeds, therefore the method is rarely used. But if you could not get the bulbs, you will have to adopt it. For a wild garlic plant, how to grow from seeds is a serious question. The fact is that if the seeds are not very fresh or stored incorrectly, they may not sprout. In nature, seeds ripened in the middle of summer fall off and remain dormant in the ground all winter. Stratification is underway. Only in the spring they begin to sprout. Therefore, at home, you need to buy and sow seeds in the summer to wait for sprouts in early spring. How to plant wild garlic if the seeds were bought in late autumn or early winter? They are placed in the refrigerator for three months to stratify. In early spring, after the snow melts, they are planted, and then in May-June, you can wait for shoots.
Ramson grows
It is very convenient to sow the seeds in a box or pot and bury it on the plot in the ground in partial shade. This will allow you not to lose the landing site, and it will be easier to get rid of weeds. Drainage must be placed in the pot and filled with fertile soil. You can soak the seeds in a growth stimulator before sowing or germinate them.
The capacity for sowing should be deep (young plants will have to grow here for two years). Seedlings are regularly watered and only after two years can they be transplanted to a permanent place. It will be possible to cut leaves during seed propagation only after 5 years.
If the seeds did not sprout, there may be several reasons:
- Loss of germination due to long storage;
- Non-compliance with the rules of sowing;
- Washed out by rain or melt water.
The seed propagation method has the advantage that many plants are obtained at once. The disadvantage is troublesome and long wait for the harvest.
Growing seedlings
Summer residents often ask: when and how to plant wild garlic in order to get a faster harvest. When planting wild garlic bulbs, the most favorable time is autumn. For seedlings create the necessary conditions:
- A place in the shade: near fences, outbuildings, fruit trees on the north or east side. Fragrant wild garlic will attract pollinating insects and increase the yield of berries and fruits;
- It is not forbidden to plant wild garlic in the beds between vegetable crops, it will only have to be watered more in this case. But she will save tomatoes from late blight and scare away pests;
- Avoid places with stagnant water, and in a flooded area make drainage from pebbles, gravel and sand;
- The soil should be loose and breathable, so peat, compost or humus is added to the bed. This will give the plants additional nutrition, and there will be no need for top dressing;
- In the fall, the bed is mulched, and in the spring it needs to be opened, removing the mulch. Spring with slight frosts is not terrible for wild onions;
- Flowers on young seedlings are removed so that they do not deprive the plant of strength and take away excess nutrition;
- Only in the fourth year can you start harvesting.
The soil in the garden for wild onions is dug up, rhizomes of weeds are selected, humus is introduced.
For planting seedlings, holes are made with a distance of 20 cm, and between rows - 40 cm. The roots are straightened at the bulb, buried by 2/3 and covered with earth. Plantings are watered and mulched with compost, and on top with fallen leaves.
Seedlings of wild garlic
In the future, it is not difficult to take care of the plants: you need to regularly water and weed the weeds. Loosening is not carried out to avoid damage to the root system, but monitor the condition of the mulch, keeping the soil loose and moist.
If you plant wild garlic in the shade of trees and shrubs, care is almost not required, since conditions close to natural are created for it.
Ramson planting and care
Caring for wild garlic is easy. It is necessary to ensure that the soil is moderately moist, and when it dries out, water the beds. From July to September, wild garlic rests, at this time watering is reduced.
Mulching is a must. Without this, wild onions will not grow. In the fall, mulch is poured onto the beds, and removed in the spring.
Frosty winter wild garlic does not scare, but it grows better in warmth. A hot summer can be fatal for her.
Top dressing replaces humus and compost. In autumn and spring, you can feed the plants with ammonium nitrate and superphosphate. For the introduction of phosphorus and potassium, the arrows that appear give a signal. These fertilizers will help the seeds ripen better and the bulbs form.
On a note. They do not allow weeds to grow in the garden, removing them in time, but it is necessary to carefully loosen the soil around the wild garlic.
Harvesting
Ramson grows very slowly. Only one replacement bulb is produced per year (maximum two). Proper harvesting means: do not cut all the greens. One or two remaining leaves will help the plant recover faster. A large amount of planting material will allow you to make several beds. In this case, wild garlic is harvested from only one bed, and on the second, they give time for the wild onion to recover and gain strength. After 5 years, the plants need to be planted.
Wild garlic harvest
In the spring (April-May), the leaves and arrows of wild garlic are cut for salads. You can dig up and pickle onions or eat fresh. There are several ways to save wild garlic for the winter:
Benefit
Cheremsha has long been used for medicinal purposes:
- It increases appetite, helps the digestive tract, alleviates the condition with gastritis and colitis;
- Wild onions are recommended to be included in the diet for high blood pressure, diseases of the thyroid gland, blood vessels, respiratory organs, heart disease, oncology, obesity and scurvy;
- Ramson has a diaphoretic and diuretic effect, works as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent, strengthens the immune system;
- Bear onion cleanses the body of toxins and toxins.
An unpretentious plant wild garlic, cultivation in the country is well deserved. She will like the house in the winter, as the wild onion does not scare the window sill with a lack of lighting, and it does not need lighting. Home conditions are quite suitable for him. If you can’t find wild onion seeds in your city, you can order them on the website of companies involved in sending seedlings and seeds. The post office is working well these days and the order will be delivered quickly.
Cheremsha- an early spring plant, which has in its composition many various useful substances, especially vitamin C - here it is a record holder, and a peculiar garlic taste. The purpose of this article is purely technical - to talk about the technique of growing wild garlic in culture. Natural reserves of wild garlic are rapidly declining, so this issue is relevant today.
Ramson in its three types - victorious onion, bear onion and Okhotsk onion - grows from Kamchatka to Kaliningrad, in many cities wild garlic is sold in seasonal markets in early spring. Recently, an increasing number of people dream of growing this plant in their country house. On the Internet, it is easy to find information about the properties of this onion, its description, but it is very difficult to find sufficiently complete information about growing in culture. Therefore, very often on the forums you can find messages starting something like this: ... for several years I have been trying to grow wild garlic on my site ... ”, most of the letters with a request to sell wild garlic bulbs coming from my clients also begin. This article is a presentation of the experience of a person who has been growing wild garlic for 20 years (and in the winter too), that is, mine. So, let's begin.
What is important to know in order to properly start breeding wild garlic plantations?
Cheremsha - early spring, shade-loving a plant related to onions, we will talk about victorious onions (allium victorialis). The plant has a slanting rhizome, to which, through roots with 2-3 bottoms and roots extending from them, from 1 to 5 bulbs with a diameter of up to 1.5 cm are attached, located on the upper bottom and "dressed" in a fine mesh shell formed from the remains of last year's leaves of the plant . The bulb is 2/3 above the soil surface, part of the roots goes to a depth of 30 cm, the other is located on the surface directly under the fallen leaves of trees. When dividing, new bulbs grow on the same bottom for the first year, therefore they can only be separated in the second year, and preferably on the third, when the bulbs will disperse and each will have its own root system.
The wild garlic bulb is actually a "pseudo-bulb", because. the supply of nutrients and water contains in the roots and rhizome. In the autumn itself, the bulb contains 2 superficial pseudo-leaves, 2-3 true leaves, a replacement bulb bud, which will grow in a year and a half, and a peduncle (not all plants). Plants after 5 years may also have a division bud.
Each year the bulb rises up to 0.5 cm per year. Root formation in wild garlic begins during the growth of the flower arrow, that is, in June and continues until frost. It blooms in June - July, in an inflorescence up to 120 flowers, the seeds ripen unevenly from top to bottom, when the lower seeds begin to ripen, the upper ones may already crumble. Ramson grows well in damp places, but without constant flooding, spring floods are not terrible. The soil is better neutral or slightly acidic. It grows on any soil - both on sand and on clay.
After the seeds ripen in July, the aerial part of the plant dies off, leaving only a "stump" from the former plant with a supply of water and nutrients, inside of which a small new bulb is located. At this time, it is necessary to destroy weeds on wild garlic plantations. One of the main enemies of wild garlic is nettle. An overgrown weed is capable of crushing the entire plantation in one season. In September - October, a new bulb finally replaces the old one - this is the best time to transplant, although you can transplant throughout the summer.
Can you plant in the sun? Can. And to start breeding, I would say even necessary. If you plant wild garlic in a sunny place, it will also grow well, it will divide more often, the seed productivity of plants will be much higher. Yes, you will need to plant more often, water more often and fight weeds more often, but you will have a lot of planting material to expand the plantation. An excellent place for landing is at the edge of the greenhouse. There is a lot of water and sun here, wild garlic is large, juicy and gives a lot of seeds.
A more complete description of the biology and ecology of wild garlic can be found in the book of Dneprovsky Yu.M. , Cheryomushkina V.A. etc. "Rhizomatous bows of northern Asia"
You can read about the cultivation of wild garlic in the conditions of the Non-Black Earth Region in the dissertation "Agrobiological features of the victorious onion (Аllium victorialis L.) and the bear's onion (Allium ursinum L.) in the conditions of the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation", it is available on the Internet. Only I beg you, do not fill wild garlic with chemistry to increase the mass of the plant, as the author of the dissertation calls for, wild garlic grows so well. No need to spoil the last clean product.
How best to plant wild garlic seeds
Ramson - Victorious onion (allium victorialis) refers to rhizomatous onions. Victory onion seeds can be planted immediately after ripening. They don't have a dormant period. Laboratory germination (growing in Petri dishes) they have at this time 98.5%. But this is when the daily temperature fluctuates 19-20 C 0. At t=10-20 C 0 germination drops to 75%, and with daily fluctuations t=1-20 C 0 germination is not higher than 7%. If it was not possible to plant the seeds immediately after ripening, you need to store them at room temperature in a paper box or bag - i.e. dry storage. Dry indoor storage of seeds for the first year reduces germination slightly, after another year, germination will decrease by 25%. Swollen dry seeds cannot be stored for a long time at high temperatures - the seeds rot. At the same time, at low 1-5 C 0, swollen seeds are stored for many months.
Important: Stratification of wild garlic is not needed.
These are all laboratory tests. Germination in the field is of course lower. With underground sowing in autumn, the seeds will sprout in 17-18 months, with underground spring sowing, the seeds will sprout in 12 months.
To speed up germination, a hybrid method should be used: home germination at the optimum temperature and then moving to the growing site.
For example, lay them out on the surface of moist, compacted soil in a box and keep them moist, first covering them with some kind of porous dry material to breathe, you can use leaves, cover the box with glass on top, or put it in a plastic bag. Put it all in a place with a more or less stable temperature close to 20 C 0 In 3-4 weeks, the seeds will begin to germinate. To speed up seedlings by 1-2 weeks, you can hold the seeds before planting for several hours in an epin solution - it helps, I tried it.
Sprouted seeds can be planted by laying on the surface of the soil and covering with leaves a little or a thin layer of humus. A plant of the first year has a root up to 5 cm, so it will take root on its own, but it grows from under the ground for a long time - the embryo is too weak. And it’s better to leave the first years to winter in a box, so as not to look for it on the ground in the spring, and after the second season, it’s already transplanted to the right place.
Where is it, is it the right place? Under wild garlic, you can take the most "useless" places of your dacha - the northern side of the fence or building, a wet lowland, a place near the watering tap and very, very well along the greenhouse. You can plant it under a tree or a shrub - sometimes you won’t need to add earth (we remember that the wild garlic bulb rises every year, right?), Just don’t remove the foliage in the fall. 
The plant of the first year is a bulb 1 mm thick with one leaf up to 10 cm high. Wild garlic will grow to the "edible" size in 3 years, during which time you will plant two more of the same plantations - this is necessary, since the plant cut in early spring will recover not earlier than a year later, and then on condition that the uncut part is enough for the laying and development of a replacement bulb. Therefore, the later you cut the plant, the more likely it is to recover, but the sooner you cut it, the tastier it is - the flowering plant becomes rough. Look for the golden mean, or grow it at home in the window in winter - homemade wild garlic is never tough, and the leaf is always juicy and tasty.
When buying seeds in a store, look at the date of packaging - the period is not more than a year, maybe they will grow then, although there are no such lucky ones. There are two reasons for this: 1. no one knows the manufacturer, they are transported from Holland, then the trail is lost, 2. the method of planting "from the bulldozer" is indicated on the package ..
The easiest way to plant a plantation is to plant seeds in the forest, there is a small post about this on the main page of the site and on the product page "ramson seeds for growing a plantation"
How best to plant wild garlic bulbs
The best time for transplanting is autumn, the new root system has already grown stronger, the replacement bulb is completing its formation. Bulbs for transplantation must be with a ready root system. Necessarily. If the roots are dry, the probability of engraftment is close to zero, roots do not grow in spring. We plant the bulb so that 2/3 is in the ground, carefully dig in the roots and spill it abundantly so that there are no voids left. In the spring, before flowering, we often water it, periodically it is possible with fertilizer, I use humic - this is an extract from peat.
In the first year after transplanting, the plant will only grow to half its normal size due to the unpreparedness of the root system. It will be possible to judge whether the bulb has taken root only in the fall - in September-October a new replacement bulb should form. When choosing a planting density, you need to remember that the horizontal roots of wild garlic grow up to 20 cm, this does not mean that you need to plant bulbs strictly one at a time. When there are up to 20 bulbs in a curtain, they can not be planted, they do not crush each other, and the distance between curtains should be 40-50 cm. (Curtain is a group of bulbs formed as a result of division)
After the death of the ground part of the plant in July, you can stop watering altogether. If wild garlic was planted in an open place, do not forget to add a little earth, humus or leaves. As a rule, every tenth plant blooms, giving up to 120 seeds. Therefore, by planting 100 plants, you will provide yourself with seeds for a plantation, which you can not only look at, but also treat yourself to a spring vitamin salad, and more than once. Unless, of course, you love this business, and if you don’t like it, then why plant it, right? Although, maybe you are an esthete and blurt out an alpine hill in the vast expanses of a country villa? For those who are in a salad - wild garlic responds well to watering and humus by increasing the vegetative mass and sugars, and vitamin "C" is not measured there anyway.
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Svetlichny Alexander Mikhailovich
It has been used in cooking and folk medicine since ancient times. According to archaeologists, wild garlic was eaten more than 5,000 years ago. Its unique properties were valued in ancient Rome and in the medieval states of Europe.
Today wild garlic is still loved and revered in the widest territories, although in different regions this word means plants of various species. In Europe, the Caucasus and Asia Minor wild garlic is a bear's onion. This is how its specific name is translated from Latin. And in the Urals and Altai, in Siberia and Kamchatka, in Mongolia, Japan, China and even in North America, wild garlic is called a victorious onion, the view is much more common. The habitat of these two onions merges in the Caucasus, where they both meet.
Outwardly, these plants are very similar. Perennial, similar in appearance to lily of the valley, with a spicy aroma and taste reminiscent of garlic and onions at the same time, they are the first to appear in the forests from under the snow. Both bears and other animals, and after them people, are trying to restore their strength after a long winter with this early greenery. This is not surprising, because wild garlic is the richest source of essential oils, vitamins and valuable nutrients. For example, it contains 10 times more vitamin C than lemon!
In recent years, an increasing number of people are thinking about how to grow wild garlic on their own plot. On the one hand, the bear's onion has become endangered due to the massive collection. On the other hand, there are fewer and fewer people who want to collect wild wild garlic due to the activity of ticks. So it turns out to be more profitable and safer to grow a useful plant on your own.
How to grow wild garlic in your garden
For planting wild garlic, choose a flat area in the shade of trees, on which melt water does not stagnate. Ramson, of course, loves the sun. But she manages to get enough light before the leaves appear on the trees. And in the summer, when the dormant period begins for the bulbs, the wild garlic will be reliably hidden from drying out and overheating. For trees in the garden, such a neighborhood is also useful: the high phytoncidal activity of wild garlic repels pests, its growth prevents the appearance of weeds.
The soil for bear onions needs loose, cultivated 30-40 cm deep, enriched with organic matter. These are conditions that are as close as possible to the natural environment of its growth. Before planting, it is desirable to add compost or rotted manure at the rate of a bucket / 1m 2, ammonium nitrate (15 g), superphosphate (30-40 g), potassium salt (15-20 g).
How to grow wild garlic vegetatively
Planting bulbs is the most preferred way to grow wild garlic. The bulb is planted so that the reticulum surrounding it is visible on the surface. A distance of 35 - 40 cm is maintained between the holes in order to avoid thickening of the planting for 4 - 5 years. But 1-2 bulbs are planted in each hole to guarantee survival. Wild garlic is transplanted from mid-July to mid-September. At this time, the plant is already at rest and has time to get stronger in a new place before the onset of cold weather.
How to grow wild garlic from seeds
Already in early July, wild garlic seeds gradually ripen and crumble, so it is important to collect them in a timely manner. It is necessary to sow immediately, germination is lost very quickly.
Sow the seeds to a depth of 2 - 3 cm in well loosened and slightly mulched moist soil. Shoots that appear in spring are very thin and tender, they are easy to destroy when weeding or loosening. Therefore, it is better to use a box with earth for sowing. In autumn, it can be buried on the site, covered with snow. Only in the third year the wild garlic from the seeds will grow to a normal size.
Wild garlic care
The plant is unpretentious. With minimal care, a few years after planting, you will be rewarded with a meadow of wild garlic, a photo of which will be difficult to distinguish from wild thickets.
In early spring, when the first shoots of wild garlic just appear, the area with plantings must be carefully cleared of last year's leaves. Mid-April is the time to apply in solution (15-20 g of urea per bucket of water). At the end of flowering (May - June), top dressing is carried out with complete mineral fertilizer (wood ash at the rate of 30 g per bucket of water).
All soil is kept moist. Already in mid-July, when the leaves begin to turn yellow, watering must be stopped.
Each year, the bulbs rise from the ground by 0.5 cm and take horizontal roots. Therefore, starting from the second year of growth, it is useful to sprinkle them with fallen leaves. A thin layer of rotten leaves will recreate the natural living conditions of the plant and will reduce the consumption of fertilizers.
In winter, with good snow cover, additional shelter is not required. If there is little snow, you can cover the plants with spruce branches, straw or fallen leaves.
As you can see, growing wild garlic is not at all difficult. All efforts to care for plantings pay off many times over with its invaluable benefits.