As of January 1, 2010, the world's population was about 6.9 billion people. The mark of 6 billion was passed in 1999. According to scientists' forecasts, the mark of 7 billion will be overcome already at the end of 2010.
Here is how the population of our planet grew:
Graphically it looks like this:
As can be seen from this graph, somewhere between 8-10 thousand years ago there was a jump in the rate of growth in the number of people on our planet. And in the XVIII century there was another breakthrough - the rate of population growth became many times higher than before. What explains such jumps?
The main factor that determines the population on Earth is human economic activity. Until 10 thousand BC e. people were mainly engaged in gathering and hunting. The population of the planet then was about 10-15 million people (this is the number of a modern large city, for example, New York or Moscow). Many scientists believe that primitive people had a very high birth rate - 35-55 people per year per 1000 and the same high mortality. During her life, a woman had about 5-10 children, many of whom died in childhood. The average life expectancy was only 30 years.
Approximately 10 thousand years BC. an important event took place agricultural revolution: people have tamed some animals and learned how to grow some plants. Mankind has moved to the production of products. And this made it possible to increase the volume of consumption, and a higher population density became possible than with a gathering economy. The first surge in population occurred, and its number gradually increased several times - up to about 50 million.
For several millennia, there has been a relatively stable population size on Earth. People could not control the weather, and therefore population growth in good years was destroyed by famine in lean years. The population often declined as a result of wars, epidemics and famines.
In the 18th century, another major event took place - industrial Revolution: manual labor began to be gradually replaced by the labor of machines. It became possible to produce much more goods at lower costs. In addition, there was a leap in the development of medicine, which made it possible to reduce mortality from many diseases. The population of the planet began to grow sharply - there was population explosion.
Until the 70s of the XX century, the population grew very rapidly (as mathematicians say, according to the hyperbolic law, that is, when the growth rate of the Earth's population is proportional to the square of its population). Then the population growth rate slowed down. Now population growth occurs according to another law - logistic:
That is, we are moving towards a model in which population growth is approximately equal to mortality, and the total population remains stable. Scientists believe that the reason for this phenomenon is the decline in the birth rate, which occurred first in economically developed countries, and is now observed in Third World countries. Parents in the modern world prefer to "high-quality" raise 1-2 children than to give birth to many children. At the same time, mortality in the modern world is also decreasing: thanks to the development of medicine, life expectancy is increasing. The transition from high to low birth and death rates is called demographic transition.
It is already safe to say that most people in the 21st century will live in cities. The average life expectancy will approach 90 years, and the maximum, quite possibly, will be 130 years. There will be twice as many elderly people on the planet as children.
By the way...
How many people can the earth feed? There are many opinions, from the most pessimistic (1 billion or less) to the very optimistic. Academician Sergei Petrovich Kapitsa believes that "with reasonable assumptions, the Earth can support up to 15-25 billion people for a long time."
While you were reading this page (20 minutes, no more, right?), 4.5 thousand people have been added to the Earth. It's a whole village!
Image copyright Thinkstock
Does the Earth have enough resources to support a rapidly growing human population? Now it is over 7 billion. What is the maximum number of inhabitants, above which the sustainable development of our planet will no longer be possible? The correspondent undertook to find out what the researchers think about this.
Overpopulation. At this word, modern politicians wince; in discussions about the future of planet Earth, he is often referred to as the "elephant in the room."
Often, a growing population is spoken of as the biggest threat to the existence of the Earth. But is it right to consider this problem in isolation from other contemporary global challenges? And is it really so threateningly many people live on our planet now?
- What do giant cities suffer from?
- Seva Novgorodtsev about overpopulation of the Earth
- Obesity is more dangerous than overcrowding
It is clear that the Earth does not increase in size. Its space is limited, and the resources necessary to sustain life are finite. Food, water and energy may simply not be enough for everyone.
It turns out that demographic growth is a real threat to the well-being of our planet? Not at all necessary.
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption The earth is not rubber!"The problem is not the number of people living on the planet, but the number of consumers and the scale and nature of consumption," says David Satterthwaite, senior fellow at the London-based International Institute for Environment and Development.
In support of his thesis, he cites a consonant statement by the Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi, who believed that "there are enough [resources] in the world to satisfy the needs of every person, but not universal greed."
The global effect of a multi-billion increase in urban population could be much smaller than we think
Until recently, the number of representatives of the modern human species (Homo sapiens) living on Earth was relatively small. Just 10 thousand years ago, no more than a few million people lived on our planet.
It wasn't until the early 1800s that the human population reached a billion. And two billion - only in the 20s of the twentieth century.
Currently, the world's population is over 7.3 billion people. According to UN forecasts, by 2050 it could reach 9.7 billion, and by 2100 it is expected to exceed 11 billion.
Population has only begun to grow rapidly in the last few decades, so we do not yet have historical examples on which to base our predictions on the possible consequences of this growth in the future.
In other words, if it is true that more than 11 billion people will live on our planet by the end of the century, our current level of knowledge does not allow us to say whether sustainable development is possible with such a population - simply because there has not yet been precedents in history.
However, we can get a better picture of the future if we analyze where the most significant population growth is expected in the coming years.
The problem is not the number of people living on Earth, but the number of consumers and the scale and nature of their consumption of non-renewable resources
David Satterthwaite says that most of the demographic growth in the next two decades will occur in the megacities of those countries where the level of income of the population at the current stage is assessed as low or medium.
At first glance, an increase in the number of inhabitants of such cities, even if by several billion, should not have serious consequences on a global scale. This is due to historically low levels of urban consumption in low- and middle-income countries.
Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases are a good indication of how high a city's consumption can be. “We know about cities in low-income countries that emissions of carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide) and its equivalents are less than a tonne per person per year,” says David Satterthwait. “In high-income countries, the values of this indicator fluctuate ranging from 6 to 30 tons".
Residents of more economically prosperous countries pollute the environment to a much greater extent than people living in poor countries.
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption Copenhagen: high standard of living, but low greenhouse gas emissionsHowever, there are exceptions. Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark, a high-income country, while Porto Allegre is in Brazil, an upper-middle income country. Both cities have a high standard of living, but emissions (on a per capita basis) are relatively low in volume.
According to the scientist, if we look at the lifestyle of one single person, the difference between rich and poor categories of the population will be even more significant.
There are many low-income urban dwellers whose consumption is so low that it has little to no effect on greenhouse gas emissions.
When the Earth's population reaches 11 billion, the additional burden on its resources may be relatively small.
However, the world is changing. And it's entirely possible that low-income megacities will see carbon emissions rise soon.
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption People living in high-income countries must do their part to keep the Earth sustainable with a growing populationThere is also concern about the desire of people in poor countries to live and consume at a level that is now considered normal for high-income countries (many will say that this would be some kind of restoration of social justice).
But in this case, the growth of the urban population will bring with it a more serious burden on the environment.
Will Steffen, professor emeritus at the Fenner School of Environment and Society at the Australian State University, says this is in line with a general trend that has emerged over the past century.
According to him, the problem is not population growth, but the growth - even more rapid - of world consumption (which, of course, is unevenly distributed around the world).
If so, then humanity may find itself in an even more predicament.
People living in high-income countries must do their part to keep the Earth sustainable with a growing population.
Only if wealthier communities are willing to reduce their consumption levels and allow their governments to support unpopular measures can the world as a whole reduce the negative human impact on the global climate and more effectively address issues such as resource conservation and recycling.
In a 2015 study, the Journal of Industrial Ecology tried to look at environmental issues from the perspective of a household, where the focus is on consumption.
If we adopt smarter consumer habits, the state of the environment can improve dramatically
The study showed that private consumers account for more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions, and in the use of land, water and other raw materials, their share is up to 80%.
Moreover, the researchers concluded that the pressure on the environment differs from region to region and that, per household, it is highest in economically prosperous countries.
Diana Ivanova of the University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway, who developed the concept for this study, explains that it changes the traditional view of who should be responsible for industrial emissions associated with the production of consumer goods.
"We are all trying to shift the blame to someone else, to the state or to enterprises," she notes.
In the West, for example, consumers often express the opinion that China and other countries that produce consumer goods in industrial quantities should also be responsible for emissions associated with production.
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption Modern society depends on industrial productionBut Diana and her colleagues believe that an equal share of the responsibility lies with the consumers themselves: "If we begin to follow smarter consumer habits, the state of the environment can significantly improve." According to this logic, radical changes are needed in the basic values of developed countries: the emphasis should move from material wealth to a model where the most important thing is personal and social well-being.
But even if favorable changes take place in mass consumer behavior, it is unlikely that our planet will be able to sustain a population of 11 billion people for a long time.
Therefore, Will Steffen proposes to stabilize the population somewhere in the region of nine billion, and then begin to gradually reduce it by reducing the birth rate.
Stabilization of the Earth's population implies both a reduction in resource consumption and the expansion of women's rights.
In fact, there are signs that some stabilization is already underway, even if the population continues to grow statistically.
Population growth has been slowing since the 1960s, and studies of fertility rates by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs show that, worldwide, the birth rate per woman has fallen from 4.7 children in 1970-75 to 2.6 in 2005-10.
However, it will take centuries for any really significant changes to take place in this area, according to Corey Bradshaw of the University of Adelaide in Australia.
The trend towards an increase in the birth rate is so deeply rooted that even a major catastrophe will not be able to radically change the situation, the scientist believes.
According to a study conducted in 2014, Corey concluded that even if the world's population were to be reduced by two billion tomorrow due to increased mortality, or if governments of all countries, like China, passed unpopular laws that limit the number of children, then by 2100 the number of people on our planet would at best remain at its current level.
Therefore, it is necessary to look for alternative ways to reduce the birth rate, and look for it without delay.
If some or all of us increase our consumption, then the upper limit for sustainable (sustainable) population of the Earth will decrease
One relatively simple way is to raise the status of women, especially in terms of their educational and employment opportunities, says Will Steffen.
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) estimated that 350 million women in the poorest countries were not going to have their last child, but they had no way to prevent unwanted pregnancies.
If the basic needs of these women in terms of personal development were met, the problem of overpopulation of the Earth due to excessively high birth rates would not be so acute.
Following this logic, the stabilization of the population of our planet implies both a reduction in resource consumption and the expansion of women's rights.
But if a population of 11 billion is unsustainable, how many people - in theory - can our Earth support?
Corey Bradshaw thinks it's nearly impossible to give a specific number as it will depend on technology in areas like agriculture, energy and transportation, and how many people we're willing to condemn to a life of deprivation and limitation, including and in food.
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption Slums in the Indian city of Mumbai (Bombay)It is a fairly common belief that humanity has already exceeded the permissible limit, given the wasteful lifestyle that many of its representatives lead and which they are unlikely to want to give up.
As arguments in favor of this point of view, such environmental trends as global warming, the reduction of biospecies diversity and pollution of the world's oceans are given.
Social statistics also come to the rescue, according to which currently one billion people in the world are actually starving, and another billion suffer from chronic malnutrition.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the problem of population was associated equally with female fertility and soil fertility.
The most common option is 8 billion, i.e. a little more than the current level. The lowest figure is 2 billion. The highest is 1024 billion.
And since assumptions about the allowable demographic maximum depend on a number of assumptions, it is difficult to say which of the above calculations is closest to reality.
But ultimately the determining factor will be how society organizes its consumption.
If some of us - or all of us - increase our consumption, then the upper limit on the acceptable (in terms of sustainable development) population of the Earth will decrease.
If we find opportunities to consume less, ideally without giving up the benefits of civilization, then our planet will be able to support more people.
The acceptable population limit will also depend on the development of technology, an area in which it is difficult to predict anything.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the problem of population was associated equally with both female fertility and the fertility of agricultural land.
In his 1928 book The Shadow of the World to Come, George Knibbs suggested that if the world's population reaches 7.8 billion, humanity will need to be much more efficient in cultivating and using land.
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption With the invention of chemical fertilizers began a rapid population growthAnd three years later, Carl Bosch received the Nobel Prize for his contribution to the development of chemical fertilizers, the production of which was, presumably, the most important factor in the population boom that occurred in the twentieth century.
In the distant future, scientific and technological progress can significantly raise the upper limit of the permissible population of the Earth.
Ever since people first traveled into space, mankind is no longer content with observing stars from the Earth, but is seriously discussing the possibility of resettlement to other planets.
Many prominent scientists and thinkers, including the physicist Stephen Hawking, even state that the colonization of other worlds will be crucial for the survival of humans and other biological species present on Earth.
Although the NASA exoplanet program launched in 2009 discovered a large number of Earth-like planets, they are all too distant from us and little studied. (As part of this program, the US space agency created the Kepler satellite equipped with an ultra-sensitive photometer to search for Earth-like planets outside the solar system, the so-called exoplanets.)
Image copyright Thinkstock Image caption The earth is our only home and we need to learn how to live in it in a sustainable waySo moving people to another planet is not yet an option. For the foreseeable future, the Earth will be our only home, and we must learn to live in it in an environmentally friendly way.
This implies, of course, an overall reduction in consumption, in particular a transition to a lifestyle with low CO2 emissions, as well as an improvement in the status of women around the world.
Only by taking some steps in this direction, we will be able to roughly calculate how much the planet Earth can support the people.
- You can read it in English on the website.
Based on the data set out in the UN projections for the population of the world
Around 8000 BC, the world's population was approximately 5 million people. For the 8000-year period up to 1 AD. it has grown to 200 million people (300 million or even 600 million according to some estimates), with a growth rate of 0.05% per year. A huge change in population occurred with the advent of the industrial revolution:
- In 1800, the world population reached one billion.
- The second billion in population was reached in just 130 years in 1930.
- The third billion was reached in less than 30 years in 1959.
- Over the next 15 years, the fourth billion will be reached in 1974.
- In just 13 years, in 1987 - the fifth billion.
During the 20th century alone, the world's population grew from 1.65 billion to 6 billion.
In 1970, the population was half what it is now. Due to declining population growth, it would take more than 200 years to double the population from today's data.
Table with population data by years and dynamics of population growth in the world by years until 2017
| Pop% | World population | Growth in % compared to the previous year | Absolute annual increase number of people | Average age of the population | Population density: number of people per 1 sq. km. | Urbanization (urban population) in % of the total population | Urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 7 515 284 153 | 1,11% | 82 620 878 | 29,9 | 58 | 54,7% | 4 110 778 369 |
| 2016 | 7 432 663 275 | 1,13% | 83 191 176 | 29,9 | 57 | 54,3% | 4 034 193 153 |
| 2015 | 7 349 472 099 | 1,18% | 83 949 411 | 30 | 57 | 53,8% | 3 957 285 013 |
| 2010 | 6 929 725 043 | 1,23% | 82 017 839 | 29 | 53 | 51,5% | 3 571 272 167 |
| 2005 | 6 519 635 850 | 1,25% | 78 602 746 | 27 | 50 | 49,1% | 3 199 013 076 |
| 2000 | 6 126 622 121 | 1,33% | 78 299 807 | 26 | 47 | 46,6% | 2 856 131 072 |
| 1995 | 5 735 123 084 | 1,55% | 85 091 077 | 25 | 44 | 44,8% | 2 568 062 984 |
| 1990 | 5 309 667 699 | 1,82% | 91 425 426 | 24 | 41 | 43% | 2 285 030 904 |
| 1985 | 4 852 540 569 | 1,79% | 82 581 621 | 23 | 37 | 41,3% | 2 003 049 795 |
| 1980 | 4 439 632 465 | 1,8% | 75 646 647 | 23 | 34 | 39,4% | 1 749 539 272 |
| 1975 | 4 061 399 228 | 1,98% | 75 782 307 | 22 | 31 | 37,8% | 1 534 721 238 |
| 1970 | 3 682 487 691 | 2,08% | 71 998 514 | 22 | 28 | 36,7% | 1 350 280 789 |
| 1965 | 3 322 495 121 | 1,94% | 60 830 259 | 23 | 21 | There is no data | There is no data |
| 1960 | 3 018 343 828 | 1,82% | 52 005 861 | 23 | 23 | 33,8% | 1 019 494 911 |
| 1955 | 2 758 314 525 | 1,78% | 46 633 043 | 23 | 21 | There is no data | There is no data |
The world population is currently (2017) growing at a rate of about 1.11% per year (up from 1.13% in 2016).
Currently, the average population growth per year is estimated at about 80 million people. The annual growth rate peaked in the late 1960s at 2% or more. The population growth rate peaked at 2.19 percent per year in 1963.
The annual growth rate is currently declining and is projected to continue declining in the coming years. Population growth is projected to be less than 1% per year by 2020 and less than 0.5% per year by 2050. This means that the world population will continue to grow in the 21st century, but at a slower pace than in the recent past.
The world population doubled (100% increase) within 40 years from 1959 (3 billion) to 1999 (6 billion). It is currently predicted that in 39 years the world's population will increase by another 50%, to 9 billion by 2038.
Forecast of the population of the Earth (all countries of the world) and demographic data for the period up to 2050:
| the date | Population | Number growth a % for 1 year | Absolute growth for 1 year in the number of people | The average age of the world's population | Population density: number of people per 1 sq. km. | Percentage of urbanization | Total urban population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 7 758 156 792 | 1,09% | 81 736 939 | 31 | 60 | 55,9% | 4 338 014 924 |
| 2025 | 8 141 661 007 | 0,97% | 76 700 843 | 32 | 63 | 57,8% | 4 705 773 576 |
| 2030 | 8 500 766 052 | 0,87% | 71 821 009 | 33 | 65 | 59,5% | 5 058 158 460 |
| 2035 | 8 838 907 877 | 0,78% | 67 628 365 | 34 | 68 | 61% | 5 394 234 712 |
| 2040 | 9 157 233 976 | 0,71% | 63 665 220 | 35 | 70 | 62,4% | 5 715 413 029 |
| 2045 | 9 453 891 780 | 0,64% | 59 331 561 | 35 | 73 | 63,8% | 6 030 924 065 |
| 2050 | 9 725 147 994 | 0,57% | 54 251 243 | 36 | 75 | 65,2% | 6 338 611 492 |
The main stages of the growth of the world's population
10 billion (2056)
The United Nations projects a world population of 10 billion by 2056.
8 billion (2023)
The world population is expected to reach 8 billion in 2023 according to the United Nations (and in 2026 according to the US Census Bureau).
7.5 billion (2017)
The current world population is 7.5 billion as of January 2017, according to United Nations estimates.
7 billion (2011)
According to the United Nations, the world's population reached 7 billion on October 31, 2011. The US Census Bureau made a lower estimate - 7 billion was reached on March 12, 2012.
6 billion (1999)
According to the United Nations, on October 12, 1999, the world population was 6 billion. According to the US Census Bureau, this value was reached on July 22, 1999, at approximately 3:49 am GMT.
There are more than 200 states on planet Earth (including partially recognized and unrecognized countries).
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All of them differ in terms of living standards, incomes of the population, cultural development and other important indicators.
In this situation, it is natural that the number of inhabitants of the countries of the globe varies significantly.
Against the background of states with a huge number of inhabitants, there are countries where literally several thousand people live.
general information
According to various estimates, 7.444-7.528 billion people live on planet Earth. The population is constantly growing by about 90 million people.
But the distribution of inhabitants across the planet is extremely uneven. More than 1/3 of all mankind lives in China and India, and 2/3 of the world's inhabitants live in the 15 most populous countries.
For comparison, we present in the table information about the population of the planet in different periods of human development:
Note. Data in 1500 and earlier are obtained by scientific evaluation. At that time, accounting and census were not yet involved.
Basic indicators
The population of each country is taken into account, both by local authorities and by the international scientific community.
In this case, data obtained as a result of censuses, migration records, etc. are used. In some states, it is almost impossible to accurately estimate the number of inhabitants.This is hindered by military conflicts, and also part of the population of some countries lives in extremely inaccessible areas.
Consider how much the population of the earth is by state for 2020 in the following table:
| The country | Number of inhabitants |
| PRC | 1389983000 |
| India | 1350494000 |
| USA | 325719000 |
| Indonesia | 267272972 |
| Pakistan | 211054704 |
| Brazil | 209078488 |
| Nigeria | 196463654 |
| Bangladesh | 166576197 |
| Russia | 146880432 |
| Japan | 126560000 |
| Mexico | 123982528 |
| Philippines | 105908950 |
| Ethiopia | 104569310 |
| Egypt | 97351896 |
| Vietnam | 95600601 |
| Germany | 82521653 |
| Iran | 82018816 |
| DRC | 81339988 |
| Turkey | 80810525 |
| Thailand | 69037513 |
| United Kingdom | 65808573 |
| France | 64859599 |
| Italy | 60589445 |
| Tanzania | 57310019 |
| South Africa | 54956900 |
| Myanmar | 53370609 |
| The Republic of Korea | 51732586 |
| Colombia | 49749000 |
| Kenya | 49699862 |
| Spain | 46528966 |
| Argentina | 43131966 |
| Uganda | 42862958 |
| Ukraine | 42216766 |
| Algeria | 41318142 |
| Sudan | 40533330 |
| Poland | 38424000 |
| Iraq | 38274618 |
| Canada | 35706000 |
| Afghanistan | 35530081 |
| Morocco | 35197000 |
| Uzbekistan | 32511900 |
| Saudi Arabia | 32248200 |
| Venezuela | 31882000 |
| Malaysia | 31700000 |
| Peru | 31488625 |
| Angola | 29784193 |
| Mozambique | 29668834 |
| Nepal | 29304998 |
| Ghana | 28833629 |
| Yemen | 28250420 |
| Australia | 25787000 |
| Madagascar | 25570895 |
| North Korea | 25490965 |
| Ivory Coast | 24294750 |
| Republic of China | 23547448 |
| Cameroon | 23248044 |
| Niger | 21477348 |
| Sri Lanka | 20876917 |
| Romania | 19644350 |
| Mali | 18541980 |
| Chile | 18503135 |
| Burkina Faso | 18450494 |
| Syria | 18269868 |
| Kazakhstan | 18195900 |
| Netherlands | 17191445 |
| Zambia | 17094130 |
| Zimbabwe | 16529904 |
| Malawi | 16310431 |
| Guatemala | 16176133 |
| Cambodia | 15827241 |
| Ecuador | 15770000 |
| Senegal | 15256346 |
| Chad | 14496739 |
| Guinea | 12947122 |
| South Sudan | 12733427 |
| Burundi | 11552561 |
| Bolivia | 11410651 |
| Cuba | 11392889 |
| Rwanda | 11262564 |
| Belgium | 11250659 |
| Somalia | 11079013 |
| Tunisia | 10982754 |
| Haiti | 10911819 |
| Greece | 10846979 |
| Dominican Republic | 10648613 |
| Czech Republic | 10578820 |
| Portugal | 10374822 |
| Benin | 10315244 |
| Sweden | 10005673 |
| Hungary | 9779000 |
| Azerbaijan | 9730500 |
| Belarus | 9491800 |
| UAE | 9400145 |
| Tajikistan | 8931000 |
| Israel | 8842000 |
| Austria | 8773686 |
| Honduras | 8725111 |
| Switzerland | 8236600 |
| Papua New Guinea | 7776115 |
| Togo | 7496833 |
| Hong Kong (PRC) | 7264100 |
| Serbia | 7114393 |
| Jordan | 7112900 |
| Paraguay | 7112594 |
| Bulgaria | 7101859 |
| Laos | 6693300 |
| Sierra Leone | 6592102 |
| Libya | 6330159 |
| Nicaragua | 6198154 |
| Salvador | 6146419 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 6140200 |
| Lebanon | 6082357 |
| Turkmenistan | 5758075 |
| Denmark | 5668743 |
| Finland | 5471753 |
| Singapore | 5469724 |
| Slovakia | 5421349 |
| Norway | 5383100 |
| Eritrea | 5351680 |
| CAR | 4998493 |
| New Zealand | 4859700 |
| State of Palestine | 4816503 |
| Costa Rica | 4773130 |
| Republic of the Congo | 4740992 |
| Liberia | 4731906 |
| Ireland | 4635400 |
| Croatia | 4190669 |
| Oman | 4088690 |
| Kuwait | 4007146 |
| Panama | 3764166 |
| Georgia | 3729600 |
| Mauritania | 3631775 |
| Moldova | 3550900 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3531159 |
| Uruguay | 3415866 |
| Puerto Rico (US colony) | 3411307 |
| Mongolia | 3119935 |
| Armenia | 2982900 |
| Jamaica | 2930050 |
| Albania | 2886026 |
| Lithuania | 2812713 |
| Namibia | 2513981 |
| Botswana | 2303820 |
| Qatar | 2269672 |
| Lesotho | 2160309 |
| Slovenia | 2097600 |
| Macedonia | 2069172 |
| Gambia | 2054986 |
| Gabon | 2025137 |
| Latvia | 1932200 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1888429 |
| Republic of Kosovo | 1804944 |
| Bahrain | 1451200 |
| Swaziland | 1367254 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1364973 |
| Estonia | 1318705 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1267689 |
| Mauritius | 1261208 |
| East Timor | 1212107 |
| Djibouti | 956985 |
| Fiji | 905502 |
| Cyprus | 854802 |
| Reunion (France) | 844994 |
| Comoros | 806153 |
| Guyana | 801623 |
| Butane | 784103 |
| Macau (PRC) | 640700 |
| Montenegro | 622218 |
| Solomon islands | 594934 |
| SADR | 584206 |
| Luxembourg | 576249 |
| Suriname | 547610 |
| Cape Verde | 526993 |
| Transnistria | 475665 |
| Malta | 434403 |
| Brunei | 428874 |
| Guadeloupe (France) | 403750 |
| Bahamas | 392718 |
| Belize | 387879 |
| Martinique (France) | 381326 |
| Maldives | 341256 |
| Iceland | 332529 |
| Northern Cyprus | 313626 |
| French Polynesia (France) | 285735 |
| Barbados | 285006 |
| Vanuatu | 270470 |
| New Caledonia (France) | 268767 |
| Guiana (France) | 254541 |
| Mayotte (France) | 246496 |
| Republic of Abkhazia | 243564 |
| Samoa | 194523 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 194390 |
| Saint Lucia | 186383 |
| Guam (USA) | 172094 |
| Curaçao (Nida) | 158986 |
| Kiribati | 114405 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 109644 |
| Grenada | 107327 |
| Tonga | 106915 |
| Virgin Islands (US) | 106415 |
| micronesia | 104966 |
| Aruba (Nid.) | 104263 |
| Jersey (UK) | 100080 |
| Seychelles | 97026 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 92738 |
| Isle of Man (UK) | 88421 |
| Andorra | 85470 |
| Dominica | 73016 |
| Guernsey (UK) | 62711 |
| Bermuda (UK) | 61662 |
| Cayman Islands (UK) | 60764 |
| Greenland (Denmark) | 56196 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 56183 |
| American Samoa (USA) | 55602 |
| Northern Mariana Islands (USA) | 55389 |
| South Ossetia | 53532 |
| Marshall Islands | 53069 |
| Faroe Islands (Denmark) | 48599 |
| Monaco | 37863 |
| Liechtenstein | 37622 |
| Sint Maarten (Nid.) | 37224 |
| Saint Martin (France) | 36457 |
| Turks and Caicos (UK) | 34904 |
| Gibraltar (UK) | 33140 |
| San Marino | 31950 |
| Virgin Islands (Brit.) | 30659 |
| Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba (Nid.) | 24279 |
| Palau | 21501 |
| Cook Islands (New Zealand) | 20948 |
| Anguilla (UK) | 14763 |
| Wallis and Futuna (France) | 13112 |
| Nauru | 10263 |
| Tuvalu | 9943 |
| Saint Barthelemy (France) | 9417 |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) | 6301 |
| Montserrat (UK) | 5154 |
| Saint Helena (UK) | 3956 |
| Falkland Islands (UK) | 2912 |
| Niue (New Zealand) | 1612 |
| Tokelau (New Zealand) | 1383 |
| Vatican | 842 |
| Pitcairn Islands (UK) | 49 |
Leading countries
Most people live in China and India. In total, more than 2.740 billion people live in these two states.
Occupying 3rd place in terms of the number of inhabitants, the United States lags behind any of these countries very significantly, because only 325.719 million people live in them.
In Russia, which is in 9th place, even significantly fewer people live - 146.880 million people.
Who's behind
On the political map of the planet, there are also states with a very small number of inhabitants. Least of all people live in the Vatican (less than 850 people).
But this does not mean that a sparsely populated country is an exception to the rule. There are also full-fledged states, where there are literally several thousand people.
For example, only about 10 thousand people live in Tuvalu or Nauru. Less than 50 thousand people live in such states as Palau, San Marino, Liechtenstein, Monaco.
Growth dynamics
For a long time, the number of people on planet Earth was relatively small. It began to grow significantly only in the 19th century, but the real population explosion occurred in the 1960s-1980s.
It is associated with an increase in the availability of quality medical care, a general increase in the standard of living and an undecreasing birth rate in a number of states.
Most of the newborns are in countries such as China, India. Many in the states of Latin America, as well as Africa.
Forecast for the future
Scientists are constantly considering various scenarios for the further development of mankind and changes in the number of inhabitants of the planet.
According to them, by 2020, about 7.7-7.8 billion people will live in the world, and in the future it will only increase.
According to forecasts, by 2030 there will be more than 8.463 billion people on the planet, and by 2050 - already 9.568 billion. In 2100, the population of the Earth can reach 11 billion.
Planet Earth is home to many living beings, the main of which is man.
How many people inhabit the planet
The world population today is almost seven and a half billion people. The peak value of its growth was noted in 1963. Currently, the governments of some countries are pursuing a restrictive demographic policy, while others are trying to stimulate an increase in the number of people within their borders. However, the general population of the Earth is aging. Young people do not seek to reproduce offspring. The population of planet Earth today has an unnatural bias towards the elderly. This feature will complicate the financial support of pensioners.
According to scientists, by the end of the twenty-first century, the world's population will exchange the eleventh billion.
Where do most people live
In 2009, a wake-up call sounded. The population of the world living in cities has become equal in size to the number of people in villages and rural areas. The reasons for this movement of labor are simple. The people of the world strive for convenience and wealth. Wages in cities are higher and life is easier. Everything will change when the urban population of the world experiences food shortages. Many will be forced to relocate to the provinces, closer to the land.
The world population table is presented as follows: in fifteen countries there are almost five billion people. In total, there are more than two hundred states on our planet.
Most populous countries
The world population can be presented in the form of a table. In this case, the most densely populated countries will be indicated.
Population |
||
Indonesia | ||
Brazil | ||
Pakistan | ||
Bangladesh | ||
the Russian Federation | ||
Philippines | ||
Most populous cities
The world population map today already has three cities, the population of which has exceeded twenty million people. Shanghai is one of the largest cities in China, which stands on the Yangtze River. Karachi is a port city in Pakistan. Closes the top three of the Chinese capital - Beijing.
In terms of population density, the main city of the Philippines, Manila, holds the palm. The world population map reports that in some areas this figure reaches seventy thousand people per square kilometer! The infrastructure does not cope well with such an influx of residents. For example: in Moscow, this figure does not exceed five thousand people per square kilometer.
Also, the list of cities with a very high population density includes Indian Mumbai (this settlement was formerly called Bombay), the capital of France - Paris, the Chinese autonomy of Macau, the dwarf state of Monaco, the heart of Catalonia - Barcelona, as well as Dhaka (Bangladesh), the city-state of Singapore , Tokyo (Japan), and the previously mentioned Shanghai.
Population growth statistics by period
Despite the fact that humanity appeared more than three hundred years ago, for a long time its development was extremely slow. Short life expectancy and extremely difficult conditions affected.
Mankind exchanged the first billion only at the beginning of the nineteenth century, in 1820. A little more than a hundred years passed, and in 1927 the newspapers trumpeted the good news about the second billion earthlings. Just 33 years later, in 1960, they talked about a third.
From this period, scientists began to seriously worry about the boom in the growth of the world's population. But this did not prevent the four billionth inhabitant of the planet from joyfully announcing his appearance in 1974. In 1987, the account went to five billion. The six billionth earthling was born closer to the millennium, at the end of 1999. In less than twelve years, we have become a billion more. At current birth rates, no later than the end of the first quarter of this century, the name of the eight billionth person will appear in the newspapers.
Such impressive successes have been achieved primarily due to a significant reduction in bloody wars that claim millions of lives. Many dangerous diseases were defeated, medicine has learned to significantly prolong the life of people.
Effects
Until the nineteenth century, people had little interest in the population of the world. The term "demography" was introduced only in 1855.
At the moment, the problem is becoming more and more threatening.
In the seventeenth century, it was believed that four billion people could live comfortably on our planet. As real life shows, this figure is significantly underestimated. The current seven and a half billion, with a reasonable distribution of resources, feel relatively comfortable.
Potential settlement opportunities are possible in Australia, Canada, in desert regions. This will require certain forces for improvement, but theoretically it is real.
If we take into account exclusively territorial possibilities, then up to one and a half quadrillion people can be settled on the planet! This is a huge number, which contains fifteen zeros!
But the use of resources and the rapid heating of the atmosphere will very quickly change the climate so much that the planet will become lifeless.
The maximum number of inhabitants on Earth (with moderate requests) should not exceed twelve billion. This figure is taken from food supply calculations. As the population grows, more resources need to be obtained. To do this, we should use more areas for sowing, increase the number of livestock, and save water resources.
But if food problems can be solved relatively quickly, thanks to genetic technologies, then organizing the consumption of clean drinking water is a much more complex and costly undertaking.
In addition, humanity must move to the use of renewable energy sources - wind, sun, earth and water energy.
Forecasts
The Chinese authorities have been trying to solve the problem of overpopulation for decades. For a long time there was a program allowing the appearance of no more than one child in the family. In addition, a powerful information campaign was carried out among the population.
Today we can say that the Chinese succeeded in everything. Population growth has stabilized and is projected to decline. Not the last role was played by the growth factor in the well-being of the inhabitants of the PRC.
As for the poor in India, Indonesia, Nigeria, the prospects are far from rosy. In thirty years, China may lose the "palm" in the demographic issue. The population of India by 2050 may exceed one and a half billion people!
Population growth will only worsen the economic problems of poor nations.
Conducted programs
For a long time people were forced to have a large number of children. Housekeeping required huge forces, and it was impossible to cope alone.
Pension security can help solve the problem of overpopulation.
Also, a well-thought-out social policy and reasonable family planning, as well as an increase in the economic and social status of the beautiful half of humanity, and an increase in the level of education in general, become possible ways to solve the demographic issue.
Conclusion
It is very important to love yourself and your loved ones. But do not forget that the planet on which we live is our common home, which must be treated with respect.
Already today it is worth moderating your needs and thinking about planning so that our descendants can live on the planet as comfortably as we do.