In memory of the Great Grain Grower
A memorial meeting was dedicated to the eightieth anniversary of the birth of our famous countryman-hero Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov, which took place on April 27, 2007 at KubSAU. The head of the department S.V. Zhilenko and the heads of his sectoral departments took part in it. Paying tribute to the memory and respect of the Great Grain Grower of the Kuban land, Sergei Viktorovich said that the name of Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov became a symbol of a loving and caring attitude towards his native land, the personification of the grain grower’s skill. He stood at the origins of the movement of high culture of agriculture in the Krasnodar region, which played a huge role in the development of agricultural production in the Kuban and far beyond its borders. Thanks to the highest professionalism, hard work, perseverance and tenacity of M.I. Klepikov consistently achieved high yields, using the most advanced technologies and methods of agricultural production. The results he achieved will serve as a guide for domestic farmers for a long time. From 1960 until the last years of M.I.’s life. Klepikov worked as a permanent foreman of the fourth complex brigade of the Order of Lenin of the Kuban collective farm. Back in the 70s, the fourth complex brigade M.I. Klepikova came up with a valuable initiative to widely develop socialist competition under the motto “From a team of high agricultural culture - to brigades, farms, farms of excellent quality agricultural products.” The initiative of the Klepikov brigade is an important social phenomenon that caused a mass patriotic movement not only among Kuban grain growers, but and the whole country. The fourth integrated brigade became a real academy in the field. For the high successes achieved in the development of agricultural production, M.I.’s great personal contribution to obtaining high yields of agricultural crops. Klepikov was twice awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. His outstanding achievements were also awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, four Orders of Lenin, and the Order of the October Revolution. This man was known throughout the country, enjoyed enormous authority among rural workers, while remaining a simple farmer. He did not imagine himself outside of working on the land and, having reached retirement age, did not retire, but continued to work in his native fourth brigade, passing on his rich experience to the younger generation of Kuban farmers. The head of the department, along with others present, laid flowers at the foot of the monument to M. I. Klepikov and talked with his brother Viktor Ivanovich. Press service of the Department of Agriculture and PP
The real masters of the earth
“Free Kuban” has repeatedly written about the components of success for farmers who have achieved high results. Therefore, I think there is no need to repeat myself. Let's dwell on the holiday itself, its atmosphere, and talk about those people who received well-deserved awards.
After the ringing of the bells, which announced the opening of the festivities, the right to be the first to greet the leaders was given to Veniamin Kondratyev. The governor's short, but succinct and heartfelt speech repeatedly evoked applause from those present in the hall. He didn’t just speak, but seemed to mint words, putting into them the fullness of his feelings. This speech, in our opinion, is worthy of being quoted almost verbatim.
— Dear friends, fellow countrymen! People say: “Bread on the table means peace on earth.” No matter what happens on the planet, no matter what wars are fought around us - ideological, economic, political - we here in Kuban will do our job: keep peace and grow bread, said Veniamin Kondratyev. - Our harvest this year is heroic, it weighs more than 10 million tons. This is a real victory! You achieved it through hard work and sweat. You, combine operators, tractor drivers, agronomists, seed growers, scientists, all those who cared and cherished bread, are real winners, and today we honor you.
Thanks, among other things, to you, Russia has become a world leader in grain exports. And our Krasnodar region, our Kuban, boldly holds the status of the guarantor of the country’s food security. And I’m sure, we are all sure, that she will be able to feed not only herself, but the whole of Russia with bread.
You are the real owners of your land, because you protect it as a jewel, as a gift, as a shrine.
That's why we have a record harvest. As the Cossacks say: “Where the owner walks, there he will produce bread.”
Your work is hard and exhausting. And you are worthy of rewards not only on holidays and after the harvest. You villagers must be confident in the future. You should be able to build a house, create a large family, support children, see how your native village, farm, or village flourishes. This real reward must find you. And I will do everything in my power to ensure that you receive it.
Dear friends! As long as we achieve record harvests in Kuban, as long as work continues in the fields, as long as we believe in ourselves and make our plans, Russia will be strong from within. What else do we need for life? A strong country, our president, mighty people and beautiful Kuban!
Once again I want to thank you so much for the record harvest, for your work and for your love for your native land.
Happy holiday! Happy harvest!
Became Heroes on merit
The Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of the region, Vladimir Beketov, greeting the grain growers, reminded them of the times when they composed songs about hundred-year-old harvests. Milling 16 centners of grain per hectare seemed an unattainable dream. And today the Seversky district, for which ten years ago 30 centners was considered a victory, receives over 60 centners. And my fellow countrymen, successful people, noted the speaker of parliament, are also proud of the fact that they received a record harvest, like the whole of Kuban.
“Thank you for your work, good health and happiness in every family,” Vladimir Beketov wished his fellow countrymen from the bottom of his heart.
First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Nikolai Fedorov, before reading out the greeting from Federation Council Chairman Valentina Matvienko, admitted that while listening to the speech of the respected Veniamin Ivanovich Kondratyev, he suddenly understood for the first time what the famous phrase “A poet in Russia is more than a poet” actually means.
This, it turns out, is also the governor of the Krasnodar Territory, concluded the former twice Minister of Justice and Agriculture of the Russian Federation, for which he was also awarded loud applause.
As for Deputy Minister of Agriculture Yevgeny Gromyko, he, who had previously been distinguished by true eloquence and irony, was taciturn this time. Perhaps because he read out the welcoming address of the head of the agrarian department of the Russian Federation, Alexander Tkachev, in which all the accents were placed and a due, high assessment was given to the work of farmers both in Kuban and throughout Russia, who are ready to thresh at least 108 million tons of grain this year.
The “Harvest Festival” was given a special solemnity by the fact that for the first time at such celebrations three famous and worthy people were awarded the “Hero of Labor of Kuban” medals. The highest award of the region was awarded to the general director of the OJSC Confectionery Plant Kuban Vladimir Kochetov, the director of the OJSC Druzhba Stud Farm of the Kalininsky District Alexey Sidyukov and the General Director of the Kanev agricultural company-stud farm Pobeda Viktor Tormashev. This is how the work of the leaders, each of whom dedicated more than 40 years of their life to the agro-industrial complex, is appreciated. And the Kuban residents in the hall did not fail to express their respect to these respected people with thunderous applause.
They were the first
The applause continued for a long time in the Sports Palace. After all, the names of the winners of the harvest were named, the best of the best combine operators, drivers, agronomists, scientists, farmers... And it was nice to see among the awarded not only those who have extensive life experience, but also relatively young guys who have found happiness in the grain-growing craft.
Let's get acquainted with one of them - Andrey Tyrtyshny from the village of Fastovetskaya, Tikhoretsk district. The guy is 26 years old. Why did you become a machine operator? Yes, it's a family tradition. The combine was once managed by my grandfather, Alexander Denisovich Tyrtyshny. The father, Alexander Alexandrovich, still participates in the grain harvest together with his son. And Andrey did not let him down. Using the Akros-530 combine, he threshed 4,016 tons of grain, becoming the best among crews with a power plant of no more than 260 horsepower not only in Kubanagro-Fasta LLC, but throughout the entire region. Therefore, Governor Veniamin Kondratyev gladly handed the keys to the Lada Granta car to the young machine operator.
Two more combine operators went home on new machines: Alexander Veretennikov from the Kanev Druzhba, who threshed 5,831 tons of grain on John Deere 9670, and his colleague from the same farm, Alexander Terekhov, who unloaded 4,928 tons of wheat from the John Deere 9780 bunker. and barley.
Speaking about valuable gifts for other winners who took second and third places, it must be said that they also had decent bonuses: 150 and 100 thousand rubles each. The same amounts were awarded to the best grain transportation drivers who took prizes.
In honor of the winners, songs were performed more than once by artists of the Kuban Cossack Choir, as well as by the beloved Nadezhda Kadysheva.
As they say in such cases, the holiday was a success. And today, for those who were honored, new workdays began: machine operators moved to beet harvesters. The digging of sweet roots is in full swing. Then it will be the turn of the fields of sunflowers, soybeans and corn. And the final chord after harvesting them will be the sowing of winter crops, after which there will be a temporary lull in the fields. We will wait for the next harvest, hoping for a new record.
Fedor BEZRUK.
Photo by Savva YUDIN
Leaders among agricultural enterprises
- Public joint-stock company "Kuban Steppe" Kanevsky district, yield - 71.2 centners.
- CJSC KSP "Khutorok" Novokubansky district - 78.0 centners.
- Enterprise "Red Banner" of the agricultural production complex of the collective farm and breeding plant "Kazminsky" of the Otradnensky district - 76.3 centners.
- LLC "Zemlya" Kalininsky district - 82.3 centners.
Farmer winners
- Andrey BURDIN from the Tikhoretsky district, who received 81.2 centners of grain from each of 332 hectares.
- Irina TITOVA from the Kurganinsky district, whose peasant farm took 85.1 centners of wheat (area - 860 hectares).
- Andrey NIKITENKO from the Uspensky district, who threshed 65.8 centners (430 hectares).
- Sergey REVA from the Krasnoarmeysky district with a result of 80.5 centners of grain from an area of 433 hectares.
Winners of the grain harvesting competition among municipalities of the region
- In the northern natural-climatic zone - Kanevsky district (headed by Alexander Gerasimenko), which received 64.5 centners of grain per hectare of sown area.
- In the central zone - Primorsko-Akhtarsky district (Valery Spichka) with a result of 67.2 quintals.
- In the southern foothill and Anapo-Taman zone - Seversky district (Adam Dzharim), which achieved a yield of 60.2 centners.
- In the western natural-climatic zone, leadership, as last year, went to the Kalininsky district (head Viktor Kuzminov), where 64.8 centners of grain were taken from each of 41,597 hectares.
Scientists' contribution
- For providing practical assistance to agricultural producers in obtaining high grain yields, scientists from the Kuban State Agrarian University Alexander Naydenov, Valentina Vasilko and Alexey Kravtsov were awarded diplomas from the regional administration and cash prizes.
- The contribution of scientific workers of the Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture Vera Philobok, Alexey Yanovsky and Rakhman Agayev was highly appreciated.
Mikhail Pavlovich Babych
Mikhail Pavlovich Babych, the son of one of the valiant officers who conquered the Western Caucasus - Pavel Denisovich Babych, about whose exploits and glory the people composed songs. All fatherly qualities were bestowed on Mikhail, who was born on July 22, 1844 in the family house in Ekaterinodar at 1 Bursakovskaya Street (corner of Krepostnaya). From a very early age the boy was prepared for military service.
After successfully graduating from the Mikhailovsky Voronezh Cadet Corps and the Caucasian Training Company, young Babych began to gradually move up the military ranks and receive military orders. In 1889 he was already a colonel. On February 3, 1908, a decree was issued appointing him, already with the rank of lieutenant general, as the appointed ataman of the Kuban Cossack army. With a harsh hand and harsh measures, he restores order in Ekaterinodar, where at that time terrorist revolutionaries were rampant. Under the constant threat of death, Babych fulfilled his responsible duty and strengthened the economy and morality in the Kuban. In a short period of time, they did a lot of general cultural and good deeds. The Cossacks called the ataman “Ridny Batko”, since each Cossack personally felt his care, his zeal. M. Babych’s general cultural activities were appreciated not only by the Russian population. He was deeply respected by other nationalities living in the Kuban. It was only thanks to his cares and efforts that the construction of the Black Sea-Kuban railway began and the attack on the Kuban floodplains began.
On March 16, 1917, the official newspaper reported for the last time about the former Nakazny Ataman Mikhail Pavlovich Babych. In August 1918, he was brutally murdered by the Bolsheviks in Pyatigorsk. The body of the long-suffering general was buried in the tomb of Catherine's Cathedral.
The memory of the great patriot and guardian of the Kuban land, M. P. Babych, the last Ataman of the Order, is alive in the hearts of the Russian people. On August 4, 1994, on the spot where Ataman’s ancestral house stood, the Kuban Cossacks Cultural Foundation unveiled a memorial plaque (the work of A. Apollonov), perpetuating his memory.
If you want to learn more about the life of our wonderful fellow countryman, read these books:
Avanesova M. The first ataman of the hereditary Kuban Cossacks / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. – 2009. – July 22. – P. 4
Bardadym V. Mikhail Pavlovich Babych / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – Ed. 2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Sov. Kuban", 1998. – pp. 110-118.
Mazein V. A. Atamans of the Black Sea, Caucasian linear and Kuban Cossack troops / V. A. Mazein, A. A. Roshchin, S. G. Temirov // Kuban local historian 3 / comp. G. G. Shulyakova; thin M. V. Tarashchuk. – Krasnodar: Book. publishing house, 1992. – P. 106-107.
Mirny I. Babych (Babich) Mikhail Pavlovich (1844-1918) / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. – Pyatigorsk: Kartinform, 2004. – P. 45-46
Ushakov A. Ataman Babych did not know compromises / A. Ushakov // Krasnodar news. – 2008. – August 8. – P. 2.
Alexey Danilovich Bezkrovny
Among hundreds of Russian names, shining in the rays of military glory, the name of the valiant Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack Army Alexei Danilovich Bezkrovny is attractive with special magnetism. He was born into a wealthy chief officer family. In 1800, fifteen-year-old Alexey Bezkrovny, brought up in his grandfather’s military traditions, enlisted in the Cossacks and left his father’s house - Shcherbinovsky kuren.
Already in the first skirmishes with the mountaineers, the teenager discovered amazing dexterity and fearlessness.
In 1811, during the formation of the Black Sea Guards Hundred, A. Bezkrovny, an outstanding military officer who possessed extraordinary physical strength, had an insightful mind and a noble soul, was enrolled in its original composition and honorably carried the rank of guardsman through the entire Patriotic War of 1812 - 1814. For courage and bravery at the Battle of Borodino, Alexei Bezkrovny received the rank of centurion. During the retreat of Kutuzov's army from Mozhaisk to Moscow, the fearless Cossack fought off all enemy attempts to break forward for 4 hours. For this feat and other avant-garde military deeds, Bezkrovny was awarded a golden saber with the inscription “For bravery.” The retreating enemy tried to burn the ships with grain, but the guards did not allow the French to destroy the grain. For his valor, Bezkrovny was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree with a bow. At Platov’s request, Bezkrovny and the Black Sea hundred were enlisted in his corps. With the light hand of M.I. Kutuzov himself, the Cossacks called him “a commander without error.”
On April 20, 1818, Alexey Danilovich received the rank of colonel for military services. In 1821, he returned to his father’s land and continues to serve in the detachment of another hero of the Patriotic War, General M. G. Vlasov. In May 1823, he was sent with the 3rd cavalry regiment to the border of the Kingdom of Poland, and then Prussia. From his next campaign, A.D. Bezkrovny returned to the Black Sea region only on March 21, 1827. And six months later (September 27), he, as the best and most talented military officer, by the Highest will, was appointed military chieftain, and then the Ataman.
In May - June 1828, A. D. Bezkrovny and his detachment took part in the siege of the Turkish fortress of Anapa under the command of Prince A. S. Menshikov. For the victory over the Turks and the fall of the impregnable fortress, A. Bezkrovny was promoted to the rank of major general and awarded the Order of St. George, 4th degree. Then - for new exploits - a second golden saber decorated with diamonds.
Two traits were especially characteristic of Bloodless: rare courage in battles and deep humanity in peaceful life.
In January 1829, Alexey Danilovich commanded one of the detachments directed against the Shapsugs. In 1930, the Cossack knight again took part in the fight against the abreks, with the famous Kazbich himself, who threatened the Cossack city of Yekaterinodar. In the same year, he built three fortifications beyond the Kuban: Ivanovsko-Shebskoye, Georgie-Afipskoye and Alekseevskoye (named in honor of Alexei Bezkrovny himself).
The health of the famous chieftain was undermined. His heroic odyssey is over. Appointment of A.D. The bloodless Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army aroused envy in the circle of the tribal Cossack aristocracy. He, the hero of 1812, could fight and defeat the external enemies of the Fatherland. But he couldn’t overcome the internal envious people. Hunted by enemies, with an unhealing wound in his side, Bezkrovny lived secludedly in his Ekaterinodar estate. He gave 28 years of service to the Fatherland. He took part in 13 major military campaigns, 100 separate battles - and did not know a single defeat.
Alexei Danilovich died on July 9, 1833, the day of the holy martyr Theodora, and was buried in the almshouse courtyard, at the first Cossack cemetery located here.
Read about the famous Kuban citizen of rare courage, insightful mind and noble soul:
Bardadym V. Heroes of 1812 / V. Bardadym // Military valor of the Kuban people / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar: “North Caucasus”, 1993. – P. 48-61.
Vishnevetsky N. Memories of the ordered ataman Alexei Danilovich Bezkrovny / N. Vishnevetsky // Historical memories / N. Vishnevetsky. – Krasnodar: “Soviet Kuban”, 1995. – P. 16-32.
Commander without mistakes // History of Kuban in stories and illustrations: textbook. 4-5 grades /Khachaturova E. et al. – Krasnodar: “Prospects of Education”, 2002. – P. 43-45.
Mirny I. Bezkrovny Alexey Danilovich (1788-1833) / I. Bezkrovny // Name in history, history in the name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. – Pyatigorsk: Kartinform, 2004. –P. 47.
Timofeev G. To the Cossack, ataman, general / G. Timofeev // Free Kuban. – 2008. – May 20. – P. 8.
Trekhbratov B. Bezkrovny (Bezkrovny) / B. Trekhbratov // Historical and local history dictionary for schoolchildren / B. Trekhbratov. – Krasnodar: “Tradition”, 2007. – P. 39.
Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy
(04/11/1942, Enem village, Republic of Adygea)
Hero of the Soviet Union, Vice-President of the Russian Cosmonautics Federation, Honorary Citizen of the Caucasus Region
Kuban is proud of the names of outstanding space explorers. This is N. G. Chernyshev, and Yu. V. Kondratyuk, and G. Ya. Bakhchivandzhi. Along with them is the name of pilot-cosmonaut Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy.
In the early 1960s. Berezovoy worked at a factory. Yuri Gagarin's flight changed his entire fate. He decides to become an astronaut.
The path to the dream took 12 years. And now - the world's first long-term space flight, which lasted 211 days! The ship's crew, under the leadership of Berezovoy, carried out astrophysical, medical and biological research, studied the Earth's surface, and improved the operation of the equipment of orbital stations. The crew members went into outer space - repaired the outer surface of the station, put artificial satellites into orbit.
And on earth, Anatoly Nikolaevich prepared cosmonauts for flights and created a space rescue service.
Today Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy is a retired colonel. Lives in Star City near Moscow. He does a lot of public work, collaborates with scientists from the Institute for Monitoring Lands and Cosystems, works to preserve Kuban black soils, and often visits us in Kuban.
READ ABOUT COSMONAUT ANATOLY BEREZOVY:
Agapova T. Cosmonaut Berezova / T. Agapova // Kuban glorious sons. Essays about Kuban residents - Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia. Book 4. – Krasnodar, 1997. – pp. 34–36.
Berezova A. “A beautiful woman is... like the Earth from space!” / A. Berezova // Kuban news. – 2002. – April 12. – P. 4.
Berezovoy Anatoly Nikolaevich / Glory of Kuban: a short biographical reference book of Krasnodar. – Krasnodar, 2003. – pp. 22–23.
Karmanov V. Earth, I am Berezovaya! : [USSR pilot-cosmonaut A. N. Berezovoy is 60 years old] / V. Karmanov // Free Kuban. – 2002. – April 10. – P. 1–2.
Oboyshchikov K. Cosmonaut Berezova / Never-fading stars: a poetic wreath to the heroes of Kuban. Book 2. – Krasnodar, 2003. – pp. 75–76.
Akim Dmitrievich Bigday
(3.09.1855 – 17.11.1909)
In the history of Kuban culture, Akim Dmitrievich Bigdai is a remarkable, rare, extraordinary personality. He was born in the village of Ivanovskaya, in the family of a deacon of the local church. Having received a legal education in Odessa, he returned to Kuban, where from July 26, 1888 he was a justice of the peace in Yekaterinodar.
A.D. Bigday devoted a lot of strength and energy to public affairs: he was a member of the Ekaterinodar City Duma, chairman of a charitable society, director of the trustee committee for prisons, founder of a correctional shelter, and collected funds for the benefit of the hungry. In addition, he worked in the Kuban Economic Society and in the regional statistical committee. He was elected chairman of the Ekaterinodar Society of Lovers of Fine Arts. In a word, there was no public cause to which this man would not actively respond.
Akim Dmitrievich loved music with all his soul, although he did not receive a special musical education, he played both the violin and the piano. He wrote several musical works, including music for the play “Black Sea Life” by the Kuban writer, ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army Y. G. Kukharenko.
And yet, the main thing in his life was collecting and popularizing folk songs of Kuban. Akim Dmitrievich began to record ancient tunes he heard and collect song lyrics from his youth. He involved his many relatives, friends, acquaintances and even the first people he met on the street who remembered his grandfather’s tunes in recording songs. And people willingly responded to his requests. He traveled all over Kuban, met with dozens of performers, listened to choirs, and recorded wedding songs. In the published collections, songs were classified by genre: military marching, everyday, prison, etc.
Merciless time consigned to oblivion the good deeds of Akim Dmitrievich Bigdai, performed by him for the benefit of the Kuban people, but one eternal monument to him remained - the collection “Songs of the Kuban and Terek Cossacks”. This unique work, bequeathed to future generations, continues to serve people.
In 1992 and 1995, two volumes of “Songs of the Kuban Cossacks” by A. D. Bigday were published, edited by V. G. Zakharchenko, artistic director of the Kuban Academic Cossack Choir. These songs now live in the choir’s repertoire.
Read about the life of our wonderful fellow countryman A.D. Bigday and about the songs he collected in these books:
Bardadym V. Akim Dmitrievich Bigday / Vitaly Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / Vitaly Bardadym. – Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 1999.– P.185-196.
Bigday A. Songs of the Kuban Cossacks. T.1. / A.D. Bigday; ed. V.G. Zakharchenko. – Krasnodar: Book. publishing house, 1992. – 440 pp.: notes.
Nazarov N. Akim Dmitrievich Bigday (1855-1909) / N. Nazarov // Literary Kuban: anthology / author.-comp. N.D. Nazarov; ed. VC. Bogdanov. – Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 2002. – T.1. – P.455-457.
Anton Andreevich
(1732 or 1744, Poltava province - 01/28/1797, Persia)
The entire history of the Kuban Cossacks until the end of the 18th century is inextricably linked with the name of military judge Anton Andreevich Golovaty. This is an extraordinary, gifted, original personality.
Anton Golovaty was born in the town of New Sandzhary, Poltava province in 1732 (according to other sources, in 1744) into a wealthy Little Russian family. He studied at the Kyiv Theological Academy, but dreaming of military feats, he went to the Zaporozhye Sich. For the bravery, literacy and lively mind of the young Cossack, the Cossacks dubbed him “Golovaty.”
Being a cheerful and witty man, Golovaty served easily, quickly moving up the ranks - from a simple Cossack to a chieftain. For his military exploits he was awarded orders and letters of gratitude from Catherine II.
But his main merit is that the delegation of the Black Sea Cossacks achieved the signing on June 30, 1792 of a manifesto on allocating the Black Sea people with land in Taman and Kuban.
Anton Golovaty had an innate diplomatic talent, which was clearly reflected in his administrative and civil activities. After moving to Kuban, acting as a chieftain, Anton Andreevich supervised the construction of roads, bridges, and postal stations. In order to better manage the army, he introduced the “Order of Common Benefit” - a law that established the permanent power of the rich elite in the army. He demarcated Kuren villages, divided the Black Sea region into five districts, and strengthened the border.
Golovaty was also involved in diplomatic negotiations with the Trans-Kuban Circassian princes, who expressed a desire to accept Russian citizenship.
On February 26, 1796, Anton Golovaty led a thousand-strong detachment of Cossacks and joined them in the “Persian Campaign,” but unexpectedly fell ill with a fever and died on January 28, 1797.
The name of Anton Golovaty is still remembered in Kuban today.
If you want to learn more about our fellow countryman, an amazingly talented and enterprising person, read the books:
Bardadym V. Anton Golovaty – diplomat / V. Bardadym // Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 15 – 20.
Bardadym V. Order of Chepega to the mayor of Ekaterinodar / V. Bardadym // Sketches about Ekaterinodar / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1992. – P. 25 – 28.
Bardadym V. The first Black Sea people: Anton Golovaty / V. Bardadym // Military valor of the Kuban people / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1993. – P. 25 – 33.
Bardadym V. Songs of Anton Golovaty / Bardadym V. // Literary world of Kuban / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 93 – 95.
Kontricheva V. Portraits of military judge A. Golovatoy / V. Kontricheva // Third Kukharenkov readings: materials of the regional scientific and theoretical conference / V. Kontricheva. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 34 – 39.
Mirny I. Golovaty Anton Andreevich / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: streets are named after them / I. Mirny. – Krasnodar, 2004. – P. 59 – 60.
Petrusenko I. Ataman A. Golovaty / I. Petrusenko // Kuban in song / I. Petrusenko. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 65 – 66.
Frolov B. Awards of Z. A. Chepega and A. A. Golovatoy / B. Frolov // Nobles in the history and culture of Kuban: materials of a scientific and theoretical conference / B. Frolov. – Krasnodar, 2001. – P. 39 – 43.
Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko
(1920 – 1994)
flight commander of the 46th Guards night
bomber aviation regiment
(325th Night Bomber Division,
4th Air Army, 2nd Belorussian Front).
Guard lieutenant, Hero of the Soviet Union.
Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko was born on December 1, 1920 in Krasnodar into a working-class family. She graduated from high school in Tikhoretsk, Krasnodar Territory, and studied at the Airship Institute (later the Moscow Aviation Technology Institute).
E. A. Zhigulenko graduated from the pilot school at the Moscow flying club. She was in the Red Army from October 1941. In 1942, she graduated from navigator courses at the Military Aviation School of Pilots and advanced training courses for pilots.
She was on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War from May 1942.
Evgenia Zhigulenko, flight commander of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, by November 1944 had made 773 night combat sorties and inflicted great damage on the enemy in manpower and equipment.
While still a schoolgirl, Zhenya decided to complete two classes in a year. I spent the whole summer studying textbooks and successfully passed my exams. From seventh grade - straight to ninth! In the tenth grade, she wrote an application asking to be enrolled as a student at the Air Force Engineering Academy named after N. E. Zhukovsky. She was told that women were not accepted into the academy.
Another would have calmed down and started looking for something else to do. But Zhenya Zhigulenko was not like that. She writes a hot, excited letter to the People's Commissar of Defense. And she receives an answer that the question of her admission to the academy will be considered if she receives a secondary aviation technical education.
Zhenya enters the Moscow Airship Construction Institute, and at the same time graduates from the Central Aero Club. V. P. Chkalova.
At the beginning of the war, Evgenia Andreevna made persistent attempts to get to the front, and her efforts were crowned with success. She begins service in the regiment, which later became the Taman Guards Red Banner Order of Suvorov aviation regiment of night bombers. The brave pilot spent three years at the front. She had 968 combat missions behind her, after which enemy warehouses, convoys, and airfield structures burned.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 23, 1945, Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
She was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and two Orders of the Red Star.
After the war, Evgenia Zhigulenko spent another ten years serving in the Soviet Army, graduated from the Military-Political Academy, then worked in cultural institutions of the Kuban. The versatility of Evgenia Andreevna’s nature was manifested in the fact that she mastered another profession - film director. Her first full-length film, “Night Witches in the Sky,” is dedicated to her fellow pilots and navigators of the famous regiment.
Bezyazychny V. We remember your exploits / V. Bezyazychny // Kuban during the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945 / V. Bezyazychny. – Krasnodar, 2005. – P. 138 – 153.
Kozlov V. Zhigulenko Evgenia Andreevna / V. Kozlov // Golden glory of Kuban: a brief biographical reference book / V. Kozlov. – Krasnodar, Periodicals of Kuban, 2003. – P. 45 – 46.
Mirny I. Zhigulenko Evgenia Andreevna / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. – Pyatigorsk, 2004. – P. 70 – 71.
Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko
I will be happy if my songs live among the people.
V. G. Zakharchenko
Composer, artistic director of the State Kuban Cossack Choir, Honored Artist and People's Artist of Russia, Honored Artist of Adygea, People's Artist of Ukraine, Laureate of the State Prize of Russia, Professor, Hero of Labor of Kuban, Academician of the International Academy of Information, Academician of the Russian Academy of Humanities, Dean of the Faculty of Traditional culture of the Krasnodar State University of Culture and Art, chairman of the charitable foundation for the revival of folk culture of Kuban "Istoki", member of the Union of Composers of the Russian Federation, member of the presidium of the Russian Choral Society and the All-Russian Musical Society.
The future composer lost his father early; he died in the first months of the Great Patriotic War. The memory of her mother, Natalya Alekseevna, remained in the smell of the bread she baked and in the taste of her homemade sweets. The family had six children. Mom always worked, and while working, she usually sang. These songs came so naturally into children's lives that over time they became a spiritual need. The boy listened to wedding round dances and the playing of local virtuoso accordionists.
In 1956, Viktor Gavrilovich entered the Krasnodar Music and Pedagogical School. After graduating, he became a student at the Novosibirsk State Conservatory. M. I. Glinka at the Faculty of Choral Conducting. Already in his 3rd year, V.G. Zakharchenko was invited to a high position - chief conductor of the State Siberian Folk Choir. The next 10 years of work in this position is a whole era in the development of the future master.
1974 was a turning point in the fate of V. G. Zakharchenko. A talented musician and organizer becomes the artistic director of the State Kuban Cossack Choir. The happy and inspired time of creative growth of the group began, the search for its original Kuban repertoire, the creation of a scientific, methodological and concert-organizational base. V. G. Zakharchenko is the founder of the Kuban Folk Culture Center, a children's art school at the Kuban Cossack Choir. But his main brainchild is the State Kuban Cossack Choir. The choir has achieved stunning results in many venues around the world: in Australia, Yugoslavia, France, Greece, Czechoslovakia, America, Japan. Twice, in 1975 and 1984, he won the All-Russian competitions of State Russian folk choirs. And in 1994 he received the highest title - academic, was awarded two State Prizes: Russia - named after. M.I. Glinka and Ukraine - named after. T. G. Shevchenko.
Patriotic pathos, a sense of belonging to the people's life, civic responsibility for the fate of the country - this is the main line of Viktor Zakharchenko's composing work.
In recent years, he has been expanding his musical and thematic range, as well as the ideological and moral orientation of his creativity. The lines of poems by Pushkin, Tyutchev, Lermontov, Yesenin, Blok, Rubtsov sounded differently. The framework of the traditional song has already become narrow. Confessional ballads, reflective poems, and revelation songs are created. This is how the poems “I will ride” (to the verses of N. Rubtsov), “The Power of the Russian Spirit” (to the verses of G. Golovatov), and new editions of the poem “Rus” (to the verses of I. Nikitin) appeared.
The titles of his works speak for themselves - “Alarm” (to the verses of V. Latynin), “You can’t understand Russia with your mind” (to the verses of F. Tyutchev), “Help the one who is weaker” (to the verses of N. Kartashov).
V. G. Zakharchenko revived the traditions of the Kuban military singing choir, founded in 1811, including in its repertoire, in addition to folk and original songs, Orthodox spiritual chants. With the blessing of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus', the State Kuban Cossack Choir takes part in church services. In Russia, this is the only team that has been awarded such a high honor.
Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko - professor, dean of the faculty of traditional culture of the Krasnodar State University of Culture and Art. He conducts extensive scientific research activities, he has collected over 30 thousand folk songs and traditional rituals - the historical heritage of the Kuban village; collections of songs of the Kuban Cossacks were published; Hundreds of arrangements and folk songs have been recorded on records, CDs, and videos.
Malakhova S. Bright people of the city / Sofia Malakhova // Krasnodar: a portrait for memory / Ed.-comp. O. Krndratova. – Krasnodar, 2002. – Zakharchenko Viktor Ivanovich. – P.167.
Petrusenko I. Kuban in song / Ilya Petrusenko. – Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 1999. – Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko. – P.413 – 417.
Slepov A. About the song folklore of Kuban: Notes / A. Slepov. – Krasnodar: Aeolian Strings, 2000. – Zakharchenko Viktor Gavrilovich. – P.146-152.
Fedor Akimovich Kovalenko
Fyodor Akimovich Kovalenko entered the history of our region as a collector and philanthropist, the creator of an art gallery, now an art museum.
He was born on May 16, 1866 in the Poltava region in a large family. After graduating from a local school and not being able to continue his education, in 1881 he moved with his father and brothers to Yekaterinodar, where he got a job in a grocery store.
With meager earnings, Fyodor Akimovich Kovalenko bought inexpensive paintings, sketches, antiques, coins and gradually created an interesting collection. He admitted that “he lost all his funds to buy paintings.” Already in 1890, Fyodor Akimovich organized the first exhibition.
Ten years later, Fyodor Akimovich donated his collection to the city. And already in 1907, the city rented a beautiful two-story mansion of the railway engineer Shardanov for an art gallery.
Since 1905, Fyodor Akimovich annually, in spring and autumn, organized exhibitions of paintings by Russian and Ukrainian artists. In 1909 he created an artistic circle, of which I. E. Repin was elected honorary president.
In 1911, thanks to the active participation of Fyodor Akimovich, with the support and help of Repin, an art school was opened in Yekaterinodar, and in 1912 an art store was opened, the purpose of which was “to introduce artistic taste to the masses.”
Kovalenko’s trading business was not going well, and he had to constantly conflict with the city duma. This required a lot of strength and health. In 1919, typhus took away the life of Kuban Tretyakov.
In 1993, the Krasnodar Regional Art Museum was named after F. A. Kovalenko.
Read about the famous Kuban citizen, famous collector, founder of the Krasnodar Art Museum:
Avanesova M. The hand of the giver will not fail / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. – 2008. – No. 232. – P. 4.
Bardadym V. Addressee of Leo Tolstoy F.A. Kovalenko: founder of the art gallery / V. Bardadym // Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar: Soviet Kuban, 1999. – P. 73 – 77.
Kuropachenko A. Kubansky Tretyakov: 140 years since the birth of Fyodor Akimovich Kovalenko, the founder of the oldest Krasnodar Art Museum in the south / A. Kuropachenko // Krasnodar news. – 2006. – No. 70. – P. 3.
Loskovtsova M. Museum named after the “Kuban Tretyakov” / M. Loskovtsova // Free Kuban. – 2007. – No. 53. – P. 10.
Consolidated catalog of cultural property stolen and lost during the Second World War T. 16: Krasnodar Regional Art Museum named after. F. A. Kovalenko / ed. N. I. Nikandrova. – M.: Iris, 2009. – 79 p.
Spouses Semyon Davidovich and Valentina Khrisanfovna
Kirlian
The Kirlian couple, world-famous scientists, are natives of Kuban.
For many years they lived and worked in Krasnodar. Semyon Davidovich was born in Yekaterinodar on February 20, 1898 into a large Armenian family. The boy had an absolute musical memory and ear, dreamed of becoming a pianist, but the outbreak of the First World War interrupted his studies. The 19-year-old boy was sent to Tiflis. In December 1917, he returned to Kuban and became an electrician and plumber at I. A. Yarovoy’s plant.
At this time, on S. D. Kirlian’s life path, he met a beautiful girl - the daughter of the priest of the village of Novotitarovskaya, Khrisanf Lukich Lototsky, Valentina (she was born on January 26, 1901). In 1911, Valentina Lototskaya, ten years old, was taken to Yekaterinodar and enrolled in the Diocesan Women’s School. She graduated from college in 1917. She mastered the profession of a typist. That's when I met Semyon Kirlian.
V. Kh. Kirlian was engaged in pedagogy and journalism, S. D. Kirlian - electromechanics. The workshop on Karasunskaya Street where he worked was well known to the townspeople: there they could quickly, efficiently and for next to nothing repair any electric heating device with a one-year warranty.
In 1941, the restless inventor proposed an electric screen used in showers to treat and neutralize people affected by poisonous gases. During the war years, he made other rationalization proposals. After the liberation of Krasnodar, Kirlian actively participated in the restoration of machinery in factories.
In the post-war years, Semyon Davydovich invented a new method for obtaining images of objects of living and inanimate nature using a discharge, that is, without the use of a camera.
The first unique images of objects of inanimate and living nature were obtained using “high frequency currents”. Then, in collaboration with his wife Valentina Khrisanfovna, successful improvements and original scientific experiments began. Only after carefully checking and experimentally proving the reality of the method they were developing on thousands of photographs did the Kirlian couple decide to formalize it legally.
On August 2, 1949, at 16:30, the first photograph taken by the experimenters was notarized. On September 5, the method was declared and a copyright certificate was issued.
The Kirlian couple are rare gems: they created an original technique for obtaining images using a discharge in a gas, which is now being used in industry, biology and medicine - this is a new way of diagnosis and control. They also made a rare discovery by proposing a mechanism for gas nutrition of plants.
The entire scientific world of our planet learned about the “Kirlian effect”. Krasnodar, where the researchers lived and worked, attracted the attention of not only domestic scientific institutions, but also many foreign institutes, laboratories and research centers. The couple conducted extensive business correspondence with 130 cities around the world.
Bardadym V. Memories of the Kirlian spouses: [who discovered the secret of the glow of objects - the “Kirlian effect”] // V. Bardadym Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym - Krasnodar, 1999. - P. 227–248.
Bardadym V. Spouses Semyon Davidovich and Valentina Khrisanfovna Kirlian // V. Bardadym Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1998. – P. 263 – 269.
Bereznyak T. Discoverer of the luminous aura: [about the world famous inventor - Kuban S. D. Kirlian and his discovery] // T. Bereznyak About the Kuban - famous undeservedly forgotten / T. Bereznyak - Krasnodar, 2003. - P. 27 - 29.
Ushakov A. When leaving, leave the light: [famous scientists Semyon and Valentina Kirlian] / A. Ushakov // Krasnodar news. – 2007. – July 27 – (No. 114) – P. 12.
Elizaveta Yurievna
Kuzmina-Karavaeva (mother Maria)
1891 – 1945
Poet, philosopher, publicist, social and religious figure
Elizaveta Yuryevna’s grandfather, Dmitry Vasilyevich Pilenko, was a Zaporozhye Cossack. At the age of 37, senior management appointed him head of the Black Sea District and promoted him to the rank of major general. For excellent service he received a plot of land of 2,500 acres for eternal and hereditary use. Here he immediately planted 8,000 fruit trees and grapes. He founded two estates, one of which is still widely known - Dzhemete, the largest wine-growing estate. D. V. Pilenko played an important role in the creation of two new cities in the south - Novorossiysk and Anapa.
The son of Dmitry Vasilyevich, the father of Liza Pilenko, inherited the estate and also took up viticulture. In 1905, he was appointed director of the famous Nikitsky Botanical Garden and director of the School of Viticulture and Winemaking.
On December 8, 1891, a girl was born into this family, named Elizabeth. Since childhood, Lisa lived with her parents in Anapa and was fond of the poems of Lermontov and Balmont. She herself wrote brilliant essays on school topics and invented various stories for her peers. These were her first creative attempts, childishly spontaneous and naive, but they already testified to her extraordinary abilities.
After the unexpected death of her father, her mother moved with her daughter to St. Petersburg, to live with her sister.
After graduating from a private gymnasium, Elizaveta studied at the philosophy department of Bestuzhev's courses. In 1910 she married D.V. Kuzmin-Karavaev. She was a member of the “Workshop of Poets,” which in 1912 published her first book of poems, “Scythian shards.” The book reflected the poet's childhood impressions and observations of archaeological excavations of Crimean mounds.
Elizaveta Yuryevna was friends with Akhmatova and Gorodetsky, and visited Voloshin in Koktebel. For a long time she was influenced by the poetry and personality of Alexander Blok. For many years they corresponded...
Kuzmina-Karavaeva was the first woman to study theology by correspondence at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy.
In 1923, Kuzmina-Karavaeva moved to live in Paris. Under the pseudonym Yuri Danilov, she published an autobiographical novel about the years of the revolution and the Civil War, “The Russian Plain: A Chronicle of Our Days.” In 1929, a number of her books were published in Paris: “Dostoevsky and Modernity”, “The World Outlook of Vl. Solovyov”, “Khomyakov”.
Appointed traveling secretary of the Russian Student Christian Movement, Elizaveta Yuryevna carried out missionary and educational activities among Russian emigrants in different cities of France since 1930.
In 1932, she became a nun, taking the name Maria at her monastic vows, in honor of Mary of Egypt. She saw her monastic calling in active love for others, primarily in helping the poor. In the mid-30s, Mother Maria founded a social assistance center in Paris - the Orthodox Cause brotherhood, which became a meeting place for many writers and philosophers. On Rue Lourmel in Paris, she equipped a church, into the construction of which Mother Maria invested her artistic, decorative, painting and handicraft abilities: she painted walls and glass, and embroidered panels with satin stitch.
After the occupation of Paris, hundreds of Jews turned to Mother Mary for help and refuge. They were given documents, certificates of belonging to the Orthodox parish on Lourmel Street, and they were sheltered. During the mass Jewish pogrom of 1942, when thousands of Jews, including children, were driven into the stadium, Kuzmina-Karavaeva made her way there and saved several children.
On February 9, 1942, mother Maria was arrested for harboring Jews and sent to the Ravensbrück concentration camp. It was in this camp that Mother Maria died in a gas chamber.
Long before her death, on August 31, 1934, she left a note in her notebook: “...there are two ways to live. It is completely legal and honorable to walk on dry land - to measure, weigh, foresee. But you can walk on water. Then you cannot measure and foresee, but you only have to believe. A moment of disbelief and you begin to drown.” There is no doubt that Mother Mary adhered to the second of the named “ways” of living, when almost every day becomes a test of the strength of faith, the readiness to meekly bear the heavy cross of compassion and holy, selfless love for one’s neighbor. And this turned her life into a real feat.
The Soviet government recognized the merits of Mother Maria and posthumously awarded her the Order of the Patriotic War.
Canonized by the Patriarch of Constantinople as a venerable martyr in 2004.
If you want to know more about our outstanding countrywoman, read:
Avanesova M. Rebel nun: on the 120th anniversary of the birth of Mother Mary (E. Kuzmina-Karavaeva) / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. – 2011. – December 20 (No. 201). – P. 20
Women in the history of Kuban / Administration of the Krasnodar Territory. – Krasnodar: Diapazon-B, 2013. – 64 p.
Kabakov M. The saint lived in Anapa: Elizaveta Kuzmina-Karavaeva (Mother Maria) / M. Kabakov // Literary newspaper. – 2010. – July 7–13 (No. 27). – P. 5.
Khomenko T. The Red Count and Mother Maria / T. Khomenko // Man of Labor. – 2013. – February 21–27 (No. 7). – P. 4.
Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov
(27.04.1927–26.03.1999)
Twice Hero of Socialist Labor,
State Prize laureate, deputy
Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Honored
machine operator of Russia, founder of the All-Kuban
competitions for high farming culture
We have all heard the catchphrase: “Kuban is the breadbasket of Russia.” But high yields depend not only on the fertility of the soil, but also on the people who work on the land.
Such a person was Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov. For his valiant work in the Kuban fields, he was respected and appreciated by his compatriots, and foreign farmers called him the “beet king.”
In 1943, immediately after the liberation of Kuban from the Nazi invaders, Mikhail Klepikov, a fifteen-year-old teenager, rode a tractor for the first time. At the age of 19, he was already a foreman at the Kuban collective farm in the Ust-Labinsk region. His initiative, under the motto “A neighbor’s land is not a stranger’s land,” was taken up by the whole country.
Klepikov's team accumulated enormous experience, which they generously shared with grain growers around the world. Using new technologies, Klepikov received record harvests of wheat, corn, peas, sunflowers, and beets.
Selfless and tireless work for the benefit of Kuban earned him a well-deserved calling. The main work of Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov’s life was caring for the land and caring for it.
Until the end of his days, Mikhail Ivanovich remained faithful to his calling.
Vasilevskaya T. The Earth did not remain in debt / T. Vasilevskaya // Krasnodar news. – 2002. – April 27. – P. 6–7.
Heroes of the Kuban fields //Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book to read. – Krasnodar, 2004. – P. 191 – 193.
Klepikov M. The Earth will not remain in debt / M. Klepikov. – Moscow: Politizdat, 1976. – 225 p.
Sokolov G. Kuban grain grower Mikhail Klepikov / G. Sokolov. – Moscow: Soviet Russia, 1977. – 224 p.
The generosity of the Kuban land: photo album. – Moscow: Poster, 1983. – 192 p.
Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko
(1901-1973)
Soviet scientist-breeder,
Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Academician of the VASKhNIL,
twice Hero of Socialist Labor
Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko was born on May 27, 1901 in the village of Ivanovskaya, Krasnodar Territory, in the family of the village ataman, hereditary Cossack Panteleimon Timofeevich Lukyanenko.
Panteleimon Timofeevich raised his children in work, in severity, in respect for elders, he tried to give his sons a good education.
After graduating from primary school, Pavel Lukyanenko entered the Ivanovo Real School and graduated from it in 1918.
The young man’s interest in agriculture and the profession of a breeder began during his school years and remained for the rest of his life. From a young age, he dreamed of defeating the terrible enemy of wheat - the fungal disease rust, which often destroyed crops on the rich Kuban soil.
In the fall of 1922, after demobilization from the Red Army, a man of the earth, who grew up in the village, Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko, entered the Kuban Agricultural Institute and completed an internship in the experimental fields of Kruglik.
In 1926, Pavel Panteleimonovich received a diploma as an agronomist-field grower and began working at an experimental agricultural station (now the Krasnodar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture).
The young breeder read, studied and thought a lot about the precious cereal, about “red bread”, as it was popularly called - about wheat.
There is no other breeder in the world who would give humanity so many beautiful varieties of wheat. Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko created 43 varieties.
P. P. Lukyanenko developed a scientific program for the selection of rust-resistant varieties with productive ears and high technological qualities.
His contribution to the development of agricultural breeding science is highly appreciated both at home and abroad. Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko was an honorary member of foreign academies of sciences: Bulgaria, Hungary, Germany, Sweden. He is a laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, and awarded many orders and medals.
The scientist’s work lives in the golden ear of wheat, and is continued by grateful students - a large team of breeders from the Krasnodar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture named after P. P. Lukyanenko.
If you want to know more about our outstanding fellow countryman, read:
Avanesova M. A man in love with the earth / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. – 2011. – June 9 (No. 89). – P. 3.
Lukomets V. A century of scientific agronomy in the Kuban / V. Lukomets // Free Kuban. – 2012. – June 21 (No. 86). – P. 21.
Mirny I. Lukyanenko Pavel Panteleimonovich // I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: The streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. – Pyatigorsk, 2004. – P. 94 – 95.
Palman V. Our daily bread / V. Palman // Smile of the goddess Demeter / V. Palman. – Moscow, 1986. – P. 43 – 55.
Palman V. Man in a wheat field / V. Palman // Bow to the ground / V. Palman. – Moscow, 1975. – P. 11 – 35.
Native Kuban. Pages of history / ed. V. N. Ratushnyak. – Krasnodar: Educational prospects, 2004. – 212 p. – From the contents. : “Bread daddy.” – P. 189 – 191.
Konstantin Nikolaevich Obraztsov
We all know the words of the anthem of the Krasnodar region. The author of this masterpiece is the camp priest of the 1st Caucasian Regiment, Konstantin Oboraztsov. The song was written with inspiration, in one gulp, apparently in an hour of calm, before the battle, and is dedicated to the Cossacks “in memory of their military glory.” Konstantin Obraztsov owns several more Cossack songs dedicated to the Cossacks of his regiment.
Konstantin Obraztsov was born on June 28, 1877 on the Volga, in the city of Rzhev, Tver province, where his father N.D. Obraztsov served on the Rybinsk-Bologoevskaya railway. Obraztsov’s grandfather was a priest, and his own father studied at a theological seminary.
In 1882, N.D. Obraztsov and his family moved to the Caucasus, to Tiflis. Here the mother died of a cold and the children were left without supervision or care. My father married a second time to a Georgian woman, Efrosinia Merabovna Tskitishvili. This woman had a huge influence on little Konstantin, helping to awaken and educate a religious feeling in the child.
After graduating from the city school, K. Obraztsov entered the Tiflis Theological Seminary. The teachers were able to see and appreciate the teenager’s extraordinary talents. They helped him improve his literary style. In 1902, K. Obraztsov got married. And marriage seemed to give him a “second sight”, strengthened his moral foundation, freed him from the oppressive feeling of loneliness. At the same time, a long-standing dream matured in him to devote himself to serving the church. His wife supported this impulse. Konstantin parted ways with the university and took holy orders on June 13, 1904.
In 1909, K. Obraztsov took the place of parish rector in the Cossack village of Sleptsovskaya. The next year, 1910, turned out to be a year of great grief for him: father K. Obraztsov simultaneously lost two of his children.
In 1912, priest K. Obraztsov moved to the military department and received a new appointment to the 1st Caucasian Regiment of the Kuban Cossack Army. However, while in military service, Konstantin Obraztsov did not interrupt his literary work. He publishes new poems in spiritual magazines and newspapers “Russian Pilgrim”, “Wanderer”, “Helmsman”, “Consolation and Instruction in the Orthodox Christian Faith”, “Pochaevsky Leaf” and others.
On October 18, 1914, Türkiye declared war on Russia. Thus began the endless military campaign of the 1st Caucasian Regiment through semi-wild, mountainous terrain, a campaign full of hardships and hardships, torment and losses. Father Konstantin, along with the Cossacks, endured all the difficulties of transitions, the troubles of combat and bivouac life, huddling either in a tent or in a hastily dug dugout. Father Konstantin admonished the mortally wounded, marveling at the Cossack courage. K. Obraztsov's poems, like his songs, are imbued with great love for the Fatherland, for his home, and glorify the valor and fearlessness of the Russian warrior. It is precisely these poems that include the works “Nakhodka”, “World Battle”, “Fatherly Greetings to the Kuban” - in memory of the capture of Erzurum. When this good news came to the villages -
In 1916, on the day of Holy Easter, which fell on April 10, Father Konstantin Obraztsov prophetically said in his poem “On Victory Day”:
The fate of K. Obraztsov is tragic: according to one version, in 1917 the Bolsheviks killed him in Tiflis. According to another, he died in Yekaterinodar, in the house of Colonel M.I. Kamyanskaya from typhus. But be that as it may, Konstantin Obraztsov is with us, in our memory, his soul is in the amazing song “You, Kuban, you are our Motherland.” She became popular. Flew around all the villages. She entered the soul of every person. She has found her immortality. According to old-timers, the music was written by the composer and conductor of the Military Symphony Orchestra M. F. Siregnano. But perhaps the music was composed by the people. This song-cry, song-confession, song-prayer became the anthem of the Kuban region. And live this anthem forever, just as the mighty Kuban stands and lives forever.
Bardadym V. Life and work of father Konstantin Obraztsov / V. Bardadym // Literary world of Kuban / Bardadym V. – Krasnodar: Soviet Kuban, 1999. - P. 154-160.
Mirny I. Obraztsov Konstantin Nikolaevich (1877 - 1919) / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: The streets of Krasnodar are named after them / Mirny I. – Pyatigorsk, 2004. - P.108.
Pavlov A. Singer of Cossack valor / A. Pavlov // Military milestones / Pavlov A. - Krasnodar, 2006. - P.79-83.
Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky
S. V. Ochapovsky is a native of Belarus, Minsk province, Slutsk district, the village of Iodchitsy. He was born February 1, 1878. In 1896, Stanislav, having graduated from high school in Slutsk with a gold medal, entered the Military Medical Academy in St. Petersburg. Having received his higher education in 1901, he remained at the academic department to improve his studies in ophthalmology. On May 15, 1904, the conference of the Military Medical Academy awarded the young academic title of Doctor of Medicine for the scientific argument “Phlegmon of the Orbit” presented by Ochapovsky. After which twenty-six-year-old Ochapovsky passed the competition and headed the Red Cross eye clinic in Pyatigorsk. And in December 1909, he was invited by the Kuban Cossack Army to head the eye department at the military hospital.
Having familiarized himself with the situation in the medical field, Stanislav Vladimirovich was satisfied with the condition of the Yekaterindar military hospital, the largest and most exemplary in the Kuban. But when he delved deeper into the organization of ocular care in the Kuban, he came to the conclusion that the spread of eye diseases was threatening. On April 14-17, 1911, Ochapovsky called on local doctors to become familiar with the treatment of eye diseases, especially trachoma, which is widespread in the Kuban region to such an extent that it leaves, as he said, “all other areas of Russia far behind.” He concluded his brilliant speech with the appeal: “It is necessary to open the eye points
in the region and try to accustom the population to them.”
To establish prevention and treatment, it was proposed to organize flying squads, which were created only in the 20s.
With a group of doctors and students, S.V. Ochapovsky travels for the summer to remote places in the region and treats the population. From 1921 to 1930, 145 thousand patients were admitted and up to 5 thousand operations were performed. People previously doomed to eternal blindness began to see. The name of Ochapovsky is passed on from mouth to mouth and becomes the most famous in the North Caucasus.
In 1926, the scientist was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for his success in work. Rector of the Kuban Medical Institute N.F. Melnikov-Razvedenkov wrote that he appreciates in Ochapovsky “an outstanding scientist, specialist, honest, truthful academic figure,” who, being a professor, but inspired by the ideals of a teacher and doctor, continues to conduct regular outpatient visits to help sick.
Raised in the Orthodox faith, he remained a deeply religious man. In Stanislav Vladimirovich’s study there was a holy corner where a lamp always glowed in front of the icon of Christ the Savior.
S. V. Ochapovsky writes scientific works, popular brochures, in which, with fatherly care, he gives valuable recommendations to parents on how to preserve their eyesight. And in his free moments, in the morning hours, he thought about the next lecture, wrote essays on local history, or, walking around the room, recited poems by A. S. Pushkin.
Stanislav Vladimirovich was a very kind, sincere, modest and sympathetic person. His colleagues always found him very easy to work with.
Stanislav Vladimirovich had a love of literature and was an excellent expert on his native land. His essays are replete with poetic sketches, accurate observations, and philosophical reflections.
Loving nature, Ochapovsky often vacationed in the vicinity of Krasnodar, wandered along the shores of the Kuban, and observed the life of plants, insects, and birds. But he was not an idle observer: if he saw that water bodies were being polluted or trees were dying, he armed himself with a pen and wrote sharp articles, protecting the green world from desecration. For example, he spoke out in defense of the suburban Pervomaiskaya Grove.
During the Great Patriotic War, the Kuban Medical Institute was evacuated to Yerevan. S.V. Ochapovsky and his family also left for Armenia. How much has been experienced and changed during these difficult years! The professor marked the entire path of advance of the Soviet armies towards Berlin on the map with red flags, already being paralyzed. Like all Soviet people, he lived in those days for one thing - victory over the fascists.
S. V. Ochapovsky is elected as a deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In the State Archive of the Krasnodar Territory, in the personal files of the scientist, there is a telegram from M. I. Kalinin, sent from Moscow in April 1945 with the note: “Attendance is obligatory,” - he was invited to a meeting of the Supreme Council. But on April 17, 1945, at 8:15 a.m., Ochapovsky passed away.
Decades have passed, but Doctor Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky lives in the grateful memory of the people. The regional hospital is named after him, in the courtyard of which there is a monument to the remarkable ophthalmologist.
Read about our fellow countryman, the famous scientist and talented ophthalmologist S.V. Ochapovsky:
Bardadym V. Professor S.V. Ochapovsky / V. Bardadym // Sketches about Ekaterinodar / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar: “North Caucasus”, 1992. – P. 124-129.
Bardadym V. Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – 2nd edition, add. – Krasnodar: “Sov. Kuban, 1998. – P. 260-262.
Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book for reading / ed. prof. V. N. Ratushnyak. – Krasnodar: OIPTS “Prospects of Education”, 2004. – From the contents: Hurry to do good. – pp. 199-201.
Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit
Head of the Department of Breeding and Seed Production and the Laboratory of Sunflower Breeding of the All-Union Research Institute of Oilseeds. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor, academician, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences.
Field of blooming sunflowers! Who hasn't admired him? Looking at such a field, you involuntarily remember the name of a wonderful person who completely devoted his irrepressible energy and long life to it - this is Academician Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit.
It was he, the famous Russian breeder, who developed disease-resistant, productive and extremely oil-bearing sunflower varieties.
Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit was born on January 2, 1886 in the settlement of Taranovka (Zmievsky district, Kharkov province).
In 1908, Vasily Stepanovich moved to Kuban to work at the Military Agricultural School, and from 1990 he became an assistant to the school manager.
Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit, as a teacher, acquired well-deserved authority and respect among his students - future rural specialists. In those same years, V.S. Pustovoit works as a local agronomist in the village of Petropavlovskaya (now Kurganinsky district).
Vasily Stepanovich gives lectures. He writes popular brochures and teaches young people rational methods of cultivating the land. And he literally storms the Kuban regional government with scientific recommendations, proposals, and requests.
But the scientist gained worldwide fame thanks to his work in the field of sunflower selection and seed production, when Vasily Stepanovich set himself a daring task for that time - to create high-oil-bearing varieties. The outstanding Kuban breeder worked wonders; he developed winter wheat varieties for the arid regions of the region and for areas with high annual precipitation.
There are 160 known scientific works published by the Kuban scientist over the years, and most of them are devoted to his favorite plant - sunflower. The main thing that the outstanding breeder strived for in his work was to increase the oil content in dry sunflower seeds.
In total, V. S. Pustovoit created 34 sunflower varieties, of which 85 percent are zoned. Vasily Stepanovich’s last selection work was the Salyut variety - it was like the “swan song” of a tireless worker - a remarkable person of his native land.
On October 11, 1972, his heart stopped. But to this day, the varieties obtained by the Soviet breeder Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit are considered world masterpieces of cultivated sunflower.
If you want to know more about the life of the outstanding Kuban breeder, read these books:
Bardadym V.P. Guardians of the Kuban Land. – Krasnodar: Soviet Kuban, 1998. – P. 29 – 34.
Vertysheva N. The feat of a scientist // In granite and bronze. – Krasnodar: Book Publishing House, 1975. – P. 131 – 134.
Lukomets V. Autograph on the canvas of the earth: to the 120th anniversary of the birth of V.S. Pustovoit / V. Lukomets // Kuban news. – 2006.- N5 (January 14). – P. 13.
Mirny I. Pustovoy Vasily Stepanovich (1886-1972) // Mirny I. Name in history, history in the name: The streets of Krasnodar are named after them. – Pyatigorsk, 2004. – P. 115 – 116.
Novikov V. Golden Flower. – M.: Political literature, 1973. – 135 p.
Lukomets V. Autograph on the canvas of the earth: to the 120th anniversary of the birth of V. S. Pustovoit / V. Lukomets // Kuban news. – 2006. – N 5 (January 14). – P. 13.
Palman V. Features of a familiar face: A documentary story about academician V.S. Pustovoit. – Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1971. – 190 p.
Ploskov F. Grains of life: a book about breeders. – Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1975. – 287 p.
Skichko O. What will you call the city... / O. Skichko // Pedagogical Bulletin of Kuban. – 2007. – No. 1. – P. 48 - 50.
Sunny flower // Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book to read. – Krasnodar: Educational prospects, 2003. – P. 198 – 199.
Sharonov A. The feat of an academician: Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit // Laureates. – Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1979. – P. 18 – 31.
Grigory Antonovich Rasp
G. A. Rasp was born on September 26, 1801 into a family of Black Sea nobles. As a twelve-year-old boy, he is already on a hike - making a 3-month journey from Ekaterinodar to St. Petersburg. Before reaching the age of 17, he became a cadet in the 4th Black Sea squadron, then a cornet. Thanks to his intelligence and abilities, he was able to quickly move up the career ladder: in 1832 he was promoted to colonel, and in 1841 to major general. A month and a half later, by order of the Highest, Rasp was appointed chief of staff of the Black Sea Cossack Army. His organizational talent, his amazing administrative and economic activities, aimed at the benefit and flourishing of his father’s virgin land, unfolded to their full extent.
On April 4, 1844, he was entrusted with the position of Nakazny Ataman and commander of the Black Sea cordon line. All aspects of the complex Cossack life and management needed to be reorganized and improved. According to E.D. Felitsyn, in administrative activities G. A. Rasp “had no rivals among his predecessors, perhaps inferior to ... Anton Andreevich Golovaty. Kuban historian I.D. Popko rightly wrote about him: “The coincidence of the appointment of this bright personality with the transformation of the army according to the new position was a favorable event for the military corporation. Ataman, he wrote, “put three tasks in the foreground of his activities: service education, land improvement, and mental education.”
Hundreds of archival files testify to the ataman’s insight, the sobriety of his judgments, and his father’s concern for the welfare of people. He did not ignore a single complaint from poor villagers about oppression and arbitrariness. Caring about education, Rasp achieved the restoration of the military gymnasium, at a time when there was no mention of public schools.
Great merit goes to G.A. Rasp in the creation of the Mary-Magdalene women's desert, where lonely widows and elderly Cossack women found their last refuge. In December 1848, he was busy building a church at the Ekaterinodar cemetery. Using voluntary donations, a temple of God in the name of All Saints was built, and the cemetery was named All Saints.
The Caucasian War was in full swing, but under G. Raspiel, even the unyielding warlike Abadzekhs and Shapsugs laid down their military weapons at the cordon line and carried the fruits of their peaceful activities to Ekaterinodar fairs. Among the peaceful Circassians, the ataman was so authoritative that princes and nobles often came to him for advice in controversial matters.
Grigory Antonovich honestly devoted 54 years to military service. G. A. Rasp died on November 14, 1871. The faithful son of the Kuban land was buried with military honors at the All Saints Cemetery.
The name of a wonderful Black Sea resident, a protector of his native land, is imprinted in the name of one of the central streets of Ekaterinodar.
If you want to learn more about the life of the famous chieftain, a talented administrator, a wonderful person,
We present to your attention:
Bardadym V. Grigory Antonovich Rasp / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – Ed. 2nd, additional – Krasnodar: “Sov. Kuban", 1998. – pp. 91-94.
Bondarev S. Why the Cossack elite did not like Ataman Rasp / S. Bondarev // Krasnodar news. – 2004. – September 3. – P. 6.
Galatsan N. Ataman Rasp and the historian Felitsyn found their last refuge at the All Saints Cemetery / N. Galatsan // Krasnodar News. – 2006. – September 7. – P. 7.
Mazein V. A. Atamans of the Black Sea, Caucasian linear and Kuban Cossack troops / V. A. Mazein, A. A. Roshchin, S. G. Temirov. // Kuban local historian 3 / comp. G. G. Shulyakova; thin M. V. Tarashchuk. – Krasnodar: Book. publishing house, 1992.– P.78-81.
Mirny I. Raspil Grigory Antonovich (1801-1871) / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. – Pyatigorsk: Kartinform, 2004. – P. 117-118.
Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky
(1774–1825)
For a long time the name of this wonderful man was forgotten. He lived only 49 years, but how much good, eternal, reasonable things he did!
The son of a priest, military archpriest Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky arrived in Kuban on June 19, 1803. This talented, educated man devoted his entire short life to a noble cause - the education of the Cossacks.
Kirill Vasilyevich in his sermons explained to believers about the benefits of education and the importance of schools for the people. In 27 churches he opened in the region, he organized the collection of money for the construction of schools. For a long time, Kirill Vasilyevich himself taught at the Ekaterinodar School. There were no textbooks, so all training was conducted using “handwritten notebooks” compiled by Rossinsky. Later, Kirill Vasilyevich wrote and published the textbook “Brief Spelling Rules,” which went through two editions - in 1815 and 1818. Now these books are stored in a special collection of the Russian State Library as unique publications.
Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky devoted a lot of spiritual strength and knowledge to literature and science, wrote poetry, historical and geographical essays. In Yekaterinodar he was also known as a physician who rushed to the sick at any time and in any weather. His dedication, selflessness, and kindness amazed his contemporaries.
In 1904, the library opened at the Dmitrievsky School by the Ekaterinodar Charitable Society was named after Rossinsky. One of the universities in Krasnodar is named in honor of the Kuban educator - the Institute of International Law, Economics, Humanities and Management.
To learn more about the fate of the outstanding educator of Kuban, read:
Bardadym V. Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky / V. Bardadym // Literary world of Kuban / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 96 – 102.
Bardadym V. Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 72 – 76.
Bardadym V. Enlightener of Kuban / V. Bardadym // Sketches about Ekaterinodar / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1992. – P. 81 – 84.
Vetrova V. Serving others, I waste myself / V. Vetrova // Krasnodar news. – 2010. – March 18 (No. 45). – P. 2.
Gorozhanina M. Enlightener of the Black Sea region Kirill Rossinsky / M. Gorozhanina. – Krasnodar, 2005. – 352 p.
Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky // Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book to read. – Krasnodar, 2003. – P. 118 – 120.
Kuropatchenko A. The light of knowledge has no statute of limitations / A. Kuropatchenko // Krasnodar news. – 2008. – July 10 (No. 118). – P. 12.
Mirny I. Rossinsky Kirill Vasilievich / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. – Pyatigorsk, 2004. – P. 119.
Razdolsky S. Enlightenment Archpriest Kirill Rossinsky / S. Razdolsky // Problems of the study and development of Cossack culture / S. Razdolsky. – Maykop, 2000. – P. 62 – 64.
Stepanova Epistinia Fedorovna
The name of a simple Kuban woman, Epistinia Fedorovna Stepanova, is known throughout the world. Her maternal feat is in the aura of glory and immortality. On the altar of the Great Victory, the heroine mother gave the lives of her nine sons.
The friendly, hard-working Stepanov family lived on the Pervoe Maya farmstead - now the Olkhovsky farmstead, Timashevsky district, Krasnodar region. In the heat of the Civil War, Epistinia Fedorovna’s first son, Alexander, died. He was seventeen. But trouble did not break the Stepanovs. The sons worked on the collective farm - a carpenter, an accountant, and a grain grower. In the evenings, music often sounded under the roof of the Stepanovs’ house. The brothers played the button accordion, violin, guitar, balalaika, and mandolin.
Time passed, the sons grew up. Fedor died on Khalkhin Gol, Ilya died on the Kursk Bulge, partisan intelligence officer Vasily died in Ukraine, Ivan laid down his head on Belarusian soil, Pavel went missing on the Bryansk Front, Philip experienced all the torments of a fascist concentration camp.
The youngest son of Epistinia Fedorovna, Alexander, named after his deceased older brother, was one of the first to cross the Dnieper and, at the cost of incredible efforts, together with other fighters, held a bridgehead on the right bank. On the approaches to Kyiv, six fierce enemy attacks were repulsed. Stepanov was left alone and alone repelled the seventh attack. When an enemy chain appeared from the dust raised by the tanks, he hit it until the machine gun worked. Then, holding the last grenade in his fist, he stepped towards the German soldiers, blowing up himself and the surrounding enemies.
For this feat, twenty-year-old Alexander Stepanov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Streets in the city of Timashevsk, on the Olkhovsky farm, and in the village of Dneprovskaya are named after him. At the entrance to the school Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 7 Art. A bust of Alexander Stepanov was erected in Dneprovskaya, Timashevsky district.
Only Nikolai, rising from his hospital bed, when peace was already standing on earth, returned on an August day in 1945 to his native farm. He walked along the street, which was once close to him and his brothers, and knocked on the door of the Stepanovs’ empty house. But even under his mother’s roof, the war overtook the soldier - he died from front-line wounds.
Epistinia Fedorovna was buried in the village of Dneprovskaya at the memorial to those killed in battles for the Motherland. The names of soldiers who did not return from the battlefields to their native village are carved on the marble slabs of the memorial. And the first are the names of the Stepanov brothers - the sons of Epistinia Fedorovna, THE SOLDIER'S MOTHER.
Equating her mother's feat with the feat of a soldier, the Motherland awarded her the Military Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.
The Stepanov Family Museum has been opened in Timashevsk, and the “Mother” monument has been erected.
If you want to know more about the soldier’s mother E. F. Stepanova, read:
Women in the history of Kuban / Administration of the Krasnodar Territory. – Krasnodar: Diapazon-B, 2013. – 64 p.
Soldiers' mothers / comp. A. V. Zhinkin. – Krasnodar: Book. publishing house, 1985. – 240 p.
Konov V. Epistinya Stepanova - Moscow: Young Guard, 2005. - 323 p. – (Life of wonderful people. Issue 936)
Bystrov A. Russian mother. – Moscow: Sov. Russia, 1979. – 128 p.
Medunov S. Hymn to the Mother // In granite and bronze. – Krasnodar, 1975. – P. 82 – 86.
Gabriel Stepanovich Chistyakov
Gabriel Stepanovich Chistyakov was born on March 25, 1867 in the family of an officer. His father Stepan (Stefan) Efremovich Chistyakov is from the Azov army, and his mother, Melanya Alekseevna, is the daughter of the Kerch merchant Terentyev. He gave his only son Gabriel, “not capable of service, but capable of work,” a solid education at Kharkov University. On June 5, 1892, Gabriel Chistyakov received a law degree, returned to Kuban and was admitted to the Ekaterinodar District Court, where he received the position of “junior candidate.” But his legal career did not last long, as he was elected a member of the Ekaterinodar city government, received the rank of collegiate secretary, and a few years later became the sixth mayor of Ekaterinodar. It was in this post that the brilliant administrative and organizational talent of G. S. Chistyakov developed to its full extent. It was not easy for Gavriil Stepanovich to work after his famous predecessor Vasily Semenovich Klimov. The city was indebted to Klimov, a native of Ryazan, for the fact that the provincial Cossack village, previously called the capital of the Kuban Cossack army, acquired a “respectable appearance”, became a cultural and industrial Russian city with a network of factories and factories, public schools and gymnasiums, hospitals and outpatient clinics, churches and theaters. The newly elected mayor tried to follow in Klimov’s footsteps.
His first good deeds were the planting of a grove and a dam on 30 acres of city land, later called “Chistyakovsky”. The notorious Karasun - a hotbed of malaria - was finally filled up, dozens of public schools were opened, a 2-story building was built for the Second City 4-grade School (corner of Kotlyarevskaya and Severnaya streets), the 1st Women's School was expanded - the corner of Krasnaya and Dlinnaya, the construction of the Diocesan Women's School was completed schools, an art gallery named after F. A. Kovalenko and a museum of visual aids, a library named after N. V. Gogol (on Dubinka) were opened.
Thanks to his numerous merits, G. S. Chistyakov was re-elected to the position of mayor until November 1907. During this period, he built the First Men's Gymnasium, the "Shelter named after Christ the Savior" for homeless children of school age (a 2-story building, now Zheleznodorozhnaya St., 8), opened the Second Men's Gymnasium and a monument to Catherine the Second. It was Chistyakov who introduced universal primary education in Yekaterinodar. Gabriel Stepanovich could be proud of his multi-useful activities. But the seven intense years Chistyakov devoted to public work and Yekaterinodar affected his health, and therefore he was forced to resign as mayor.
However, Chistyakov did not abandon all matters. He is a founding member of the Cossack Black Sea-Kuban Railway, presides over the City Duma, and is elected director of the city bank. Even during a difficult period of his life, when his father and only daughter die, Gavriil Stepanovich does not give up social work. He becomes even more imbued with sympathy for the disadvantaged, continuing to do charity work at the “Shelter of Christ the Savior.”
After the revolution, during the years of the civil war, he was again elected as a member of the city duma.
At the beginning of March 1920, G. S. Chistyakov went into exile. And traces of him disappear.
The organizer and guardian of our city has long been gone, but to this day the Chistyakovskaya Grove (renamed Pervomayskaya) lives and rustles with leaves. And on Sobornaya Street (named after Lenin, 41) stands his house - Chistyakov’s house with cast-iron steps and a patterned iron canopy.
If you want to know more about our fellow countryman, the amazingly talented and enterprising man G. S. Chistyakov, read:
Bardadym V. Gavriil Stepanovich Chistyakov /V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – Ed. 2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Sov. Kuban", 1998. – P.213-215.
Bardadym V. Gabriel Stepanovich Chistyakov / V. Bardadym // Fathers of the City of Ekaterinodar / V. Bardadym – Ed. 2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Sov. Kuban, 2005. – P.83-106.
Sadovskaya O. Name on the map of the city (G. S. Chistyakov) / O. Sadovskaya // Nobles in the history and culture of Kuban: materials of a scientific-theoretical conference. – Krasnodar, 2001. – P. 125-129.
Ushakov A. Gabriel Chistyakov and others / A. Ushakov // Krasnodar news. - August 28. – P. 5.
Elena Choba
Kuban Cossack woman, under the name Mikhail Chob
fought on the fronts of the First World War.
Awarded the St. George medals of the 3rd and 4th degrees,
St. George's Cross, 4th degree.
About two centuries ago, among the Russian troops fighting against Napoleon's army, they started talking about the mysterious cornet Alexander Alexandrov. As it turned out later, the cavalry maiden Durova served under this name in the Lithuanian Lancer Regiment. No matter how Nadezhda hid her belonging to the fair sex, the rumor that a woman was fighting in the army spread throughout Russia. The unusual nature of this incident worried the whole society for a long time: the young lady preferred the hardships of military life and mortal risk to reading sentimental novels. A century later, a Kuban Cossack from the village of Rogovskaya, Elena Choba, stood before the village society to petition for her to be sent to the front.
On July 19, 1914, Germany declared war on Russia. When the news reached Yekaterinodar, the urgent mobilization of all units and subunits began - messengers went to remote villages. Conscripts, saying goodbye to peaceful life, saddled their horses. Rogov Cossack Mikhail Choba also gathered for the front. It was difficult to equip a young Cossack in a cavalry regiment: you need to buy a horse, ammunition - the list of complete Cossack documents included more than 50 necessary things. The Choba couple did not live well, so they sent the horseless Mikhail on a cart to the Plastunov regiment.
Elena Choba was left alone - to work and manage the household. But it is not in the Cossack character to sit quietly when an enemy has come to their native land. Elena decided to go to the front, stand up for Russia and went to the respected residents in the village council. The Cossacks gave their permission.
After the village elders supported Elena’s request to be sent to the front, she had a meeting with the head of the Kuban region. Elena came to an appointment with Lieutenant General Mikhail Pavlovich Babych with short-cropped hair, wearing a gray cloth Circassian cap and a hat. After listening to the petitioner, the ataman gave permission to be sent to the army and gave a fatherly farewell to the Cossack Mikhail (she wished to be called by this name).
And a few days later the train rushed Elena-Mikhail to the front. The magazine “Kuban Cossack Messenger” told about how the Rogovchanka fought: “In the heat of fire, under the incessant roar of cannons, under a continuous rain of machine-gun and rifle bullets, according to the testimony of his comrades, our Mikhailo did his job without fear or reproach.
Looking at the young and intrepid figure of their brave comrade-in-arms, his comrades tirelessly walked forward towards the enemies behind Mikhail, not at all suspecting that under the Circassian Cossack coat was hiding the Rogov Cossack Elena Choba.
During our retreat, when the enemy tried to pin down one of our units and batteries in a tight ring, Elena Chobe managed to break through the enemy’s ring and save two of our batteries, which had absolutely no idea about the proximity of the Germans, from destruction, and remove the batteries from the closing German ring without any damage from our side. For this heroic feat, Choba received the St. George Cross, 4th degree.
For her fights, Elena Choba received the 4th and 3rd degree St. George medals and the 4th degree St. George Cross. She refused the latter, leaving it with the regimental banner.”
Further information about the fate of the famous Rogovchanka is contradictory. Some saw Elena in the village wearing a Red Army budenovka on her head, others heard that after the battle near the village of Slavyanskaya she was shot by the whites, others said that she emigrated.
Only many years later did some details of the life of the Cossack fighting heroine become known. In 1999, in the Krasnodar Local Lore Museum-Reserve named after. E. D. Felitsyn opened the exhibition “Russian Fates”. Among the exhibits was a photograph of the American theatrical troupe “Kuban Horsemen,” donated to the museum by a 90-year-old Cossack from Canada. The photo was taken in 1926 in the city of San Luis. In the front row, wearing a white Circassian coat and hat, stands the legendary Cossack woman Elena Choba from the Kuban village of Rogovskaya.
If you want to know more about the outstanding Kuban Cossack woman, read:
Bardadym V. Kuban cavalry maiden Elena Choba / V. Bardadym // Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1999. – P. 139 – 145.
Bardadym V. Kuban cavalry maiden / V. Bardadym // Military valor of the Kuban people / V. Bardadym. – Krasnodar, 1993. – P.129 – 134.
Khachaturova E. Cossack maiden, or what ancient photographs told about / E. Khachaturova // History of Kuban in stories and illustrations: a textbook for grades 4-5 of educational institutions / E. Khachaturova. – Krasnodar, 2002. – P. 57 – 60.
Arshaluys Kevorkovna Khanzhiyan
In the fall of 1942, fierce fighting took place in the North Caucasus. German troops were striving for the sea, for oil, they needed to capture the port city of Tuapse. The attack on the city went in two directions: along the valley of the Pshish River to the village of Shaumyan and from the city of Goryachiy Klyuch along the valley of the Psekups River to the village of Fanagoriyskoye. The second direction captured the Podnavisla village. At that time, there was a field hospital on the farm. The cannonade of the battle near the village of Fanagoriysky was clearly heard in the gorge, where the hospital tents were located under the treetops. Paramedics brought wounded soldiers here. Not everyone was destined to return to combat, although the doctors did their best. Those who died from mortal wounds were buried in a small clearing near the Chepsi River.
The wounded were cared for not only by medical personnel, but also by local residents. And among them is Kevorkovna Khanzhiyan. She said: “How hard it was for the soldiers! Young, handsome guys, and some have no legs, some have had their arms torn off. They cry at night, calling me: “Shurochka, how to live on?” And I answer them that while the enemy is on our land, we must first survive, and then beat him, the damned one. “What are you saying,” they say to me, “does an army need one-armed people?” “But of course,” I answer, “of course we need it.” And as an example, I take my father’s gun and shoot at the target with one hand. Sometimes it hit, sometimes it didn’t. But the most important thing was that I, a woman, shot with one hand.”
Arshaluys, having lost her parents, since the war lived alone near Goryachiy Klyuch and guarded the mass graves of soldiers who did not allow the Nazis to reach the Black and Caspian Seas. An ordinary human oath forced her to stay in the wilderness, exchanging worldly goods for complete solitude. They say that one day bulldozers came to the Podovsla farm to build a road. An elderly woman with a hunting rifle came out to meet them and, after firing two warning shots, turned the equipment back. "It is forbidden! Soldiers sleep here...” The builders tried to find out by what right she gave orders. “I have that right,” the woman answered. “I gave my word to the soldiers.”
A weekend tourist route passes through the Podnavisla farmstead, which was excluded from the administrative-territorial division records. Very often Arshaluys Kevorkovna’s guests were schoolchildren, students, and residents of other regions of the country. They helped a lonely woman prepare firewood for the winter and maintain the memorial complex in order. Until her last days, Arshaluys remained faithful to those young fighters whose graves she looked after. All of Russia learned about the civil feat and the courage of this woman. Arshaluys Kevorkovna became a laureate of the Russian competition “Woman of the Year – 97” in the “Life is Destiny” nomination. But she was not destined to find out about this. The heart, which for many years had remained faithful and in memory of the fallen soldiers, stopped.
Until 1997, until her death, Arshaluys (her name in Armenian means “starlight”) carried her cross. Over time, a memorial complex appeared on the site of the mass graves on the river bank, with the inscription: “Your feat is immortal, Soviet people,” and below are the names of the 98 soldiers buried here. Relatives of the victims and those whom Arshaluys gave birth to come here to worship the memory and feat of the past.
At the age of 85, Arshaluys Kevorkovna passed away and, according to her will, was buried next to the graves dear to her.
Currently, her niece lives in Shura’s grandmother’s house. Cadets of the Krasnodar Law Institute took patronage over Podnavisla: they helped build the road there and monitor the condition of the memorial. And every year on May 9, veterans of the Great Patriotic War, residents of the city of Goryachiy Klyuch and nearby settlements come here to the mass grave to pay tribute to deep respect and memory of the soldiers who defended our Motherland from the enemy and went into immortality, and Arshaluys - “soldier’s bride."
If you want to know more about our outstanding countrywoman, read:
Samoilenko A. Khutor Podnavisla them. A. K. Khanzhiyan / A. Samoilenko // Weekend routes in the vicinity of Krasnodar / A. Samoilenko. – Krasnodar, 2003. – P. 102–103.
Zazdravnykh N. City of Goryachy Klyuch, town of Podnavisla / N. Zazdrvykh, M. Moreva // Monuments and monuments of the Great Patriotic War in the Kuban / N. Zazdravnykh, M. Moreva. – Krasnodar, 2003. – P. 23.
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Natalia Lyakhnenko
"Kuban grain growers". Targeted excursion to the children's library (preparatory group)
Targeted excursion to the children's library
on the topic: « Kuban grain growers»
Preparatory group
Program content:
Enrich children's understanding of how to grow bread in Kuban;
Introduce the tools of labor of the Cossacks in ancient times;
Foster a caring attitude towards the work of adults, bread;
Clarify children's ideas about work grain growers.
Foster a sense of respect for our ancestors;
Pride in your small homeland.
Develop interest in agricultural workers, the ability to think, draw conclusions, and draw conclusions.
Materials for the lesson: pictures on the topic; masks with images of grain crops (wheat, barley, rye, oats).
Preliminary work:
- Class: Cognition (FCCM) on topic: « grain fields, - pride Kuban» ;
Looking at illustrations "tool";
Didactic game “For what, who needs what”.
Vocabulary work: loaf, plow, harrow, barns, sheaf.
Progress of the lesson:
Children come into library and dance« Kuban dance» , and then they stand in a semicircle, a girl comes forward, a loaf of bread in her hands, reading poem:
Hello ours Kuban,
Blessed land,
Bread and salt, bright love
Welcome guests! (gives a loaf to the workers libraries) .
Educator: Children, what is the name of the region in which we live?
Children: Krasnodar.
Educator: The capital of the Krasnodar region?
Children: Krasnodar city.
Educator: What else can you call the Krasnodar region?
Children: Kuban.
Educator: We will now sing songs called "Oh, yes Kuban» And “I want to tell you about Petrovskaya”
Child reads a poem:
golden spikelet,
Who helped you grow?
Warm wind,
May thunder,
The sun is in the blue sky,
And also human hands,
That there was no boredom in work.
I can't live without them like this:
Strong, tall, golden.
Educator: Children, what is this poem about?
Children: About wheat.
Librarian: Krasnodar region is the breadbasket of our Motherland. Do you know that bread is one of the most amazing products. We sometimes forget about the true cost of bread, that relatively inexpensive rolls absorbed a lot of work not of one person, but the work of many people. Thousands of people work to grow, harvest, thresh, grind and finally bake. bread.
Children, as they call people who raise bread?
Children: Grain growers.
Librarian: Day and night - and in the scorching heat and in the rain there is a battle for the harvest. True grain growers in constant worry for him.
Child reads a poem:
Hot at work grain growers,
Training Kubanskaya is visible:
High quality grain gold
The fields will pay for their labor in full.
Librarian: Guys, I want to tell you how we grew bread in ancient times time: raised by the Cossacks bread yourself, called bread - loaf. With the help of a plow, the Cossacks plowed the ground; the Cossack's horse helped. She was always by his side both in work and in battle. (show illustration) Using a harrow, they harrowed the ground and then sowed bread, they used a basket for this, selected grains were poured into it, and then scattered across the field and again harrowed the ground, as if sprinkling the grains with earth (illustration). When the bread was ripe, matured, they mowed it with a scythe, collected small sheaves and placed them in a large sheaf. Then the grains were knocked out of the ears with chains (illustration, the grains were dried and poured into barns.
The mill grinds grains into flour (illustration) and then baked a loaf of bread. It was the most delicious bread because it was soaked in the sweat of the Cossacks. This was the work of the Cossacks, that’s why the Cossacks came up with proverb: “Labor feeds a Cossack, but laziness spoils him.”
Guys, do you want to play? And at the same time I will see if you know how it grows bread.
Physical education minute:
We planted the grain
What will come of it?
The rain waters the earth,
The sun gently warms
The grain grows
Reached for the sun.
It plays with the wind,
The breeze shakes it
Presses low to the ground -
It's fun to play!
Our sprout stretched out,
Turned into a spikelet.
Librarian: Guys, what kind of machines help harvest crops these days? (children's answers).
Librarian: He goes and cuts the wave,
Grain flows from the pipe. (harvester) (show illustration)
Librarian: Who controls the combine? That's right, it's a combine operator. The grain is removed from the fields and taken to the elevator, where it is dried and stored.
In the open air, in the sea of bread
Castle with towers reaching to the sky.
Castle with towers to the sky
Will save the whole sea of bread.
Educator: Our children know a lot of proverbs and sayings about bread.
1. The earth is mother, and bread-father.
2. Labor and bread is the head of everything.
3. We can live without gold, but without no bread.
4. He who hopes for heaven sits without of bread.
5. Not the one bread the one in the fields, and the one in the bins.
6. Whoever stops being lazy, has bread will not be born.
7. C bread Russian man is a hero from century to century.
8. The hut is not red in its corners, but red in its pies.
Librarian: Well done, you know a lot of proverbs and sayings, but now guess puzzles:
In cold areas I mature
I treat everyone to pearl barley porridge.
Don't be too lazy to guess, golden me (children - barley)
Black the bread is good!
He will replace him for us (children - rye)
So that we can be proud of the loaf we collect in the field? (children - spikelets of wheat).
Librarian conducts didactic training with children game: “Find something made from wheat.”(On the table located: loaf, bun, cookies, pancakes, bread, drying, a bottle of kvass, candy, fruits, vegetables, sausages, etc.) The child must put on the table everything made from flour.
Educator: Our children know poems about spikelets:
Golden field, ripe spikelet,
Don't drop grains on dry sand.
Don't give grain to the restless winds,
The Motherland needs every handful.
Stiff bristles, don’t prick your heels,
What's left in the field, pick it up from the ground,
Every ripe spikelet, every grain,
So that it's fragrant it became bread too.
Educator: And now you and I will play a game "Farmer" (Children stand in a circle and choose a farmer by counting):
A house grew up in a field, the house is full of grain,
The walls are gilded, the shutters are boarded up,
The house is shaking, on a golden stalk.
Don't yawn, choose a farmer.
Children choose masks with images of grain crops - wheat, oats, barley, corn, etc. The farmer stands aside and remembers who is where.
Educator: Early in the morning, the farmer walks around his fields and watches how his crops grow, but when the sun rises high, it becomes hot and he goes into the house, and meanwhile the spikelets change places. Sounds counting rhyme:
The sun is shining, the rain is falling,
The spikelet grows and grows.
A sprout stretches towards the sun,
Thin, thin stem.
Farmer, don’t yawn, guess the changes.
The farmer must place the children as they were before he left.
Educator: Children, why? Kuban called the breadbasket of Russia?
Children: Just on Kuban They grow a lot of wheat, rye, barley, etc. Kuban feeds the whole of Russia with bread.
Educator: Why is it only in the Krasnodar region that cereals grow so well?
Children: Because we have Kuban has a favorable climate, warm winters and hot summers. And our people work well grain growers.
Librarian: In October a holiday is celebrated - Agricultural Workers Day "Harvest Festival". On this day they are awarded medals, certificates, valuable gifts from noble grain growers. You also worked hard today and I want to give you this "To the sun". The sun is a good mood, it is life on earth, it is warmth not only on the streets, but also in our souls! So let it be "Sun" smiles at us and lights our path! ( librarian gives"Suns" children, teachers, guests; the children invite everyone to a tea party.)
Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov
(04/27/1927, Stavropol region - 03/26/1999, Ust-Labinsk)
Twice Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the State Prize, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, honored machine operator of Russia, founder of the all-Kuban competition for high culture of agriculture
We have all heard the catchphrase: “Kuban is the breadbasket of Russia.” But high yields depend not only on the fertility of the soil, but also on the people who work on the land.
Such a person was Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov. For his valiant work in the Kuban fields, he was respected and appreciated by his compatriots, and foreign farmers called him the “beet king.”
In 1943, immediately after the liberation of Kuban from the Nazi invaders, Mikhail Klepikov, a fifteen-year-old teenager, rode a tractor for the first time. At the age of 19, he was already a foreman at the Kuban collective farm in the Ust-Labinsk region. His initiative, under the motto “A neighbor’s land is not a stranger’s land,” was taken up by the whole country.
Klepikov's team accumulated enormous experience, which they generously shared with grain growers around the world. Using new technologies, Klepikov received record harvests of wheat, corn, peas, sunflowers, and beets.
His selfless and tireless work for the benefit of Kuban earned him well-deserved recognition. The main work of Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov’s life was caring for the land and caring for it.
Until the end of his days, Mikhail Ivanovich remained faithful to his calling.