In the article we will analyze the temporal features of the English and Russian languages, namely, we will compare the formation of the past tense in these two languages. We will analyze in detail what time is in English. Be sure to understand how sentences are built, what rules and exceptions exist. The topic is quite logical and simple, if not distracted when explaining.
Past tense in languages
We should start with the fact that the past tense in Russian and English has a fundamental semantic difference. In our language, there is one thing. For us, this is absolutely natural and goes without saying: “ he read a book yesterday», « we called two days ago», « by three o'clock I was ready to go», « they walked from four to eight in the evening”, etc. All these actions were performed in the past and have been performed up to the present moment.
This is enough for us to understand that we are dealing with the past tense. In English, there are four varieties of the past tense. The given examples-sentences are used in different types of temporal forms of the past tense.
Note: Variations of the past tense
So, in order to clarify the picture more clearly, we list the types of the past tense - Past Tenses (translated past - “past, past”, tenses - “times”):
- Past Simple - past simple.
- Past Continuous - past continuous.
- Past Perfect - past perfect.
- Past Perfect Continuous - past perfect in progress.
All these times are past. For clarity, let's look at the difference in additional specific sentences:
- Past Simple: " He read a book yesterday". It is important for us that the action happened sometime in the past - "yesterday". It doesn't matter here whether it was in the morning or in the evening. The main thing is that the action happened.
- Past Continuous: " Yesterday at two in the afternoon he was reading a book". This tense tells us about a certain action at a particular moment in the past, not just "yesterday", but "yesterday at two o'clock in the afternoon." The action took place at a particular moment.
- Past Perfect: " By two o'clock in the afternoon he had already finished reading the novel.". Here the action took place in the past and was completed before two o'clock. In other words, the action happened before some other action (or time) in the past.
- And finally, Past Perfect Continuous: " He was reading a novel yesterday from three to six in the evening". In this tense, the emphasis is on the action in the past, lasted for a long period and ended before a certain time in the past.
At first glance, it is somewhat confused and difficult. But when studying a specific time and with the necessary training, everything becomes clear.
We are now specifically interested in Past Simple (paste simpl) in English. Let's consider it.
Past Simple: use cases
The Past Simple time (paste simpl) in English characterizes actions that took place sometime in the past. Usually in such sentences certain words are indicated (perhaps they are simply implied): yesterday or two hours ago, last week or last Friday, last year or month, a couple of years or five years ago, and so on.
Actions that took place in the past and follow one another also characterize this time. For example: " She woke up, took a shower, got ready, had breakfast and went to work.».
This tense is also used when the usual actions in the past are meant, but are no longer relevant now: “ When I was a child, I used to love to visit my grandmother often.».
Now let's move on to building sentences and touch on those defined in Past Simple ( paste simpl) rules.
Affirmative (declarative) sentences in Past Simple
So, to build an affirmative sentence in Past Simple, you need to know the following: English has regular and irregular verbs. Let's figure it out:
- Regular verbs are those that obey certain laws of the language, for example, the rule for the formation of the past tense. For all correct, one might say, “obedient” verbs, it is the same and obligatory: to (without a particle to) to form the form in the past tense, the ending “ -ed" or " -d”.
- Irregular verbs are, in simple terms, "naughty" verbs that do not obey the general principle of the formation of the verb form in Past Simple (paste simple). Rules do not apply here - exceptions work that must be remembered! The difficulty is that there are many irregular verbs. They are all reflected in special grammar tables in textbooks or in ordinary English-Russian dictionaries. Two more forms are given next to the irregular verb. We will be interested in the second form (or the second column in the textbook tables).
When constructing sentences, remember the word order. At the initial stage, try to start with the subject, followed by the predicate, and only then - all the others. This is optional, but desirable, since observing this moment will help develop the habit of not losing significant parts of the statement and knowing exactly where to start building a phrase.
Negative and interrogative sentences in Past Simple
To build negative and interrogative sentences in Past Simple (paste simple) in English, you need to know that there is an auxiliary verb did. This is a helper verb. It helps to build negative and interrogative statements.
In a negative sentence, the subject is first (in the first place), then the helper verb did with negation not(abbreviated - didn't), then - the predicate in the initial form without to and other members of the proposal.
When constructing a question, the word order is as follows: first, if there is one, the interrogative word is put, then the helper verb did, then - subject, predicate, in the initial form without to, and other members of the proposal. The example in the table proposed in the article shows this more clearly.
For a complete understanding and consolidation of the knowledge gained, it is necessary to perform in This can be a variety of tasks: put the verb in the right form, translate the sentence from Russian into English, insert the appropriate verb from the proposed ones, etc. The main thing is that you need to do them with awareness, in this case it is very easy will build his speech in the past tense.
The article reflects the complete table in Past Simple (paste simple). Analyze it again in detail and carefully. The two accents are regular/irregular verbs and the auxiliary verb did.
Note: types of simple Simple (simpl) time
It must be repeated that if you catch the principle of using tenses in the English language, and it is peculiar and simple, then the entire temporal table in English will become understandable and transparent.
For example, simple in translation - " simple". There are three Simple tenses in English: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple (present simple and past simple, as well as future simple), that is, present simple, past simple and future simple. Each of these types of time is characterized by its own construction of sentences and its own characteristics, which is presented in the table.
It will also be extremely useful to perform exercises for comparing and building sentences in this line of the Simple direction (for example, paste simple and future simple, present simple and future simple). And the more practice, the better!
We hope that this article was useful and informative for you.
The Past Simple, also known as the Past Indefinite or the preterite, is one of the most commonly used tenses in the English language. Pronounced in Russian [paste simple] - English transcription. It expresses completed actions in the recent and distant past and is the main past tense in English grammar. Below you will study the rules of use, education, consider examples of sentences with Past Simple in the tables.
Small text in Simple Past Tense. Read the mini-story carefully and translate.
One summer evening, Rick and Lilly went to the theatre. They attended a play. The play started at 18:00. Rick and Lilly enjoyed the theatre. After the play, they walked together in the park. They walked beside the river. the moon was bright. They talked about their future. When spouses went home, their children were not asleep. They waited for their parents to return. They were excited to hear about the theatre! Rick told the children about the play. Then, Lilly put the children to bed. Rick and Lilly were very tired. It was an amazing night.
Education rules in Past Simple
Let's look at how the Past Simple is formed. The sentence structure in Past Indefinite is very simple. The most important thing is to pay attention to irregular verbs that are used very often.
Education formula:
For regular verbs, we add the ending - ed to the main form (want - want ed) or ending - d if it ends with - e(smil e– smile d).
Examples:
- She kissed me in the chick - She kissed me on the cheek.
- Yesterday my sister played her guitar loudly, and the neighbors complained - Yesterday my sister played her guitar loudly and the neighbors complained.
- Joe wanted to go to the museum, but I wanted to go to the club - Joe wanted to go to the museum, but I wanted to go to the club.
Go-went-gone
Eat-ate-eaten
Take - took - taken
Do-did-done
Buy-bought-bought
read-read-read
The form of the verb is the same for all persons. Only for plural pronouns (you, they, we), and in the past form - were, for others - was. The construction of interrogative and negative sentences in Past Simple with is the same as with.
example:
— I used to go out very often until I met Jess - I often went for a walk until I met Jess.
3. Events that happened at a specific time in the past, although the time is not mentioned
This action is not related to the present:
example:
— James Dean made one film with Natalie Wood - James Dean made one film with Natalie Wood. (The action is not related to the present, it happened at a certain time in the past, but the time is not mentioned; it is assumed that we know when it happened).
- Compare two sentences:
Do you know Mark? He was my neighbor - Do you know Mark? He was my neighbor. (As you can see, the sentence does not mention the exact time: both speakers know when it was).
Do you know Mark? He was my neighbor last year - Do you know Mark? He was my neighbor last year. (This sentence has a time marker 'last year', the speaker is not sure if the speaker knows when he was her neighbor).
4. Situations that were true in the past
example:
— I lived with my stepmother as a child - As a child, I lived with my stepmother.
— My grandmother had three brothers - My grandmother had three brothers.
5. Events in chronological order
example:
—When I arrived home, I took off my shoes then turned on the computer and watched a cartoon - When I got home, I took off my shoes, then turned on the computer and watched a cartoon.
6. A new or interrupting action that is already in progress, along with the past continuous tense
example:
— While he was talking about his new song, the doorbell suddenly rank While he was talking about his new song, suddenly the doorbell rang.
7. Past Simple is used in conditional sentences (the second type is unlikely conditions)
If + past simple + would + infinitive (verb)
example:
— If I spoke German, I would like to live in Germany - If I spoke German, I would like to live in Germany.
And in sentences with wishes:
— I wish it wasn't so hot - It's a pity that it's so hot.
Companion words (markers) Past Simple
There is no escape from the words of time indicators. Thanks to marker words, we build sentences, indicate the time when something happened. Using auxiliary words in written or colloquial speech, we let a person know a specific time in the past.
Yesterday/the day before yesterday/last week (month, a year etc), a week ago, once, when?
2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday, always, often, sometimes, rarely, never.
Examples of constructing sentences with words signals:
— I visited Berlin last week I visited Berlin last week.
— She went to bed ten minutes ago She went to bed ten minutes ago.
— I was very depressed the other day– I was very depressed the other day.
— Who robbed a bank yesterday? Who robbed the bank yesterday?
Past Simple sentence forms
There are three forms of sentences in English, which are shown in the tables below.
Affirmative sentence form Past Simple Tense (Affirmative sentences)
The scheme of affirmative sentences is shown in the form of a table.
| Who? Who? | Form of verb (verb form) | Examples (examples) |
| I (I) | I cleaned the kitchen I drank a glass of wine |
|
| He/She/It (he, she, it) | regular verb: verb + ed irregular verb: past form of the verb | He worked in Holland He ate a sandwich She joined the class She found a secret door It opened window It wrote a song |
| You (you, you) | regular verb: verb + ed irregular verb: past form of the verb | You washed the floor You went home |
| We (we) | regular verb: verb + ed irregular verb: past form of the verb | We jumped on the trampoline We drank some water |
| They (they) | regular verb: verb + ed irregular verb: past form of the verb | They hurt each other They knew about us |
Negative sentence form Past Simple Tense (Negative sentences)
The negation of the Past Simple is formed using the auxiliary verb to do (past form did) and the negative particle not and the semantic verb without the particle to.
Scheme: Subject + did + not + verb + the rest of a sentence
| Who? Who? | Form of verb (verb form) | Examples (examples) |
| I (I) | did not + verb | I did not clean the kitchen |
| He/She/It (he, she, it) | did not + verb | He did not eat a sandwich She did not join the class It did not open windows |
| You (you, you) | did not + verb | You did not wash the floor |
| We (we) | did not + verb | We did not jump on the trampoline |
| They (they) | did not + verb | They did not hurt each other |
Shortened negative form:
— We didn't drink water
— She didn't need a mechanic
Interrogative sentence form Past Simple (Interrogative sentences)
Interrogative sentences are built according to the following formula:
(Auxiliary verb) Did + subject + verb + the rest of a sentence
The table shows examples with interrogative sentences.
| verb to do | Who? Who? | Form of verb (verb form) | Examples (examples) |
| Did | I (I) | verb | Did I clean the kitchen? |
| Did | He/She/It (he, she, it) | verb | Did he eat a sandwich? Did she join the class? |
| Did | You (you, you) | verb | Did you wash the floor? |
| Did | We (we) | verb | Did we jump on the trampoline? |
| Did | They (they) | verb | Did they hurt each other? |
Abbreviated negative-interrogative sentences:
Did you not need a doctor?
— Didn't you need a doctor?
Note:
We don't use the past verb when the sentence is negated.
Compare:
WRONG: I didn't invite her.
- CORRECT: I didn't invite her.
- WRONG: Did I invite her?
- CORRECT: Did I invite her?
The rule for writing words with the ending -ed
Regular verbs are usually conjugated by adding an ending - ed. However, there are a few exceptions:
- 1. We said earlier, if the verb ends in -e, we add at the end of the word - d:
— Danc e– dance ed
— Lov e– lov ed
- 2. The word ends with a Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, the last consonant is doubled and added - ed:
- Admit - admi tt ed
-Refer-refe rr ed
- 3. A two-syllable verb ends with a Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, we do not double the last consonant when the stress is stands on the first syllable:
- Enter - entered
Suffer-suffered
- 4. Word ends with - y, changes to - i:
— Hurr y– hurr i ed
— Stud y– stud i ed
— Tid y– tid i ed
— Tr y– tr i ed
—Cop y- cop i ed
- 5. Word ends with - l always doubles after a vowel in British but not in American:
— Marve ll ing (British)
— Marve l ing (American).
Pronunciation rules for words ending in -ed
The table shows how to read the ending -ed
| [d] | [t] | [ɪd] |
| Sound [d] pronounced after all vowels and after voiced consonants (except /d/) [z] [b] [v] [m] [n] [ŋ] [l] [g] | Sound [t] pronounced after [k] [p] [f] [s] [ʃ] | Sound [ɪd] pronounced after [d] [t] |
| prepared, watered, cleaned, ironed, lived, tried, hurried, planned | picked, hopped, dressed, crossed, smashed, slipped | corrected, ended, started, visited, suggested |
Differences between Past Simple and Present Perfect
| past simple | |
| Actions that happened at a specified time in the past; actions completed. They talked to me yesterday. | Completed actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past. my friend has left to Paris. (We do not know when he left; he is in Paris or still on his way). |
| Actions in the past that are not related to the present and that happened at a specific time in the past, but the time is not mentioned. I met Michael Jackson. (I won't see him again - he's dead; the time period is over). | Actions in the past that are related to the present and that happened at a certain point in the past, but the time is not mentioned. I have spoken to Brad Pitt. (Perhaps I will talk to him again; he is alive - the time period has not ended). |
Common Table Past Simple
| Offer types | PAST SIMPLE |
| Affirmative sentence | I/we/you/they/he/she/it + V - ed/V.2 |
| Negative sentence | I/we/you/they/he/she/it + didn't+V |
| Interrogative sentence (general question) | Did+ I/we/you/they/he/she/it + V…? |
| Special question | WH+ did+ I/we/you/they/he/she/it + V…? WH-why, where, when, etc. |
Exercises and answers for Past Simple
Do past simple exercises to reinforce what you have learned.
Exercise 1. Add the ending -ed and distribute to the column.
Cry, play, stop, travel, live, empty, destroy, prefer, dance, smile, fry.
Answers. Answers to the exercise:
Cry-cried; play - played; stop - stopped; dance - danced; smile - smiled; fry - fried; travel - travelled; empty - emptied; destroy - destroyed; prefer - preferred; live - lived.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer.
1. We (went/goed) to Venice on holiday.
2. (Did you go/did you go) by plane?
3. Rick (didn't came/didn't come) with us.
4. The car (stopped/stopped).
5. When I arrived he (were not / was not) at home.
6. My husband (catched/caught) the robber.
7. We (did move/moved) to a new house.
8. The man (were/was) nice to me.
9. Manchester City (losed/lost) the final.
10. How much (did you pay/did you pay) for the car?
Answers. Answers to the exercise:
1. went
2.did go
3. didn't come
4. stopped
5. was not
6. caught
7. moved
8. was
9. lost
10.did pay
Exercise 3. Open the brackets, put the verb in the past form.
1. My grandpa always (sit) on the same stool.
2. I was robbed and (shoot) in the leg.
3. She (cut) the cabbage with a knife.
4. I (not know) where to hide my money.
5. His brothers (be not) very kind to us.
6. Amanda (carry) her daughter upstairs to bed.
7. They (fly) to Iceland this summer.
8.(you/here) that strange noise?
9. I (not break) this window. It (be) Daisy.
10. I (bring) some sweets.
Answers. Answers to the exercise:
1. sat
2 shot
3.cut
4. didn't know
5. were not, weren't
6. carried
7. flew
8. Did you here
9. didn't break, was
10. brought
Do the tasks:
Make 5 sentences with interrogative, negative and affirmative forms of Past Simple. Share them in the comments.
To consolidate the material, watch a video on the topic Past Simple.
past simple is the past simple tense in English. When talking about the past, this time is usually used. Using it, we are talking about something that happened(i.e. just happened) in the past. If it's about something that happened(that is, lasted) in the past, is used.
Past Simple Education Scheme: Rules and Examples
Consider how sentences with Past Simple are formed in the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms.
Most verbs form the Past Simple with the ending – ed, have special forms of the past tense. Take for example the correct verb to visit- visit.
Examples:
Last week Dana invited me to her birthday party - Last week Dana invited me to her birthday party.
I completed the course on Monday - I completed the course on Monday.
2. Negative form: I didn't visit
Negation is built using an auxiliary verb in the form of the past tense - did and particles not. The semantic verb is used in the initial form. In colloquial speech did not reduced to didn't’ t.
Examples:
Igor didn't meet me at the airport - Igor did not meet me at the airport.
We didn't order this meal - We did not order this dish.
3. Interrogative form: Did I visit?
The interrogative form is also built using did- it is placed in front of . The semantic verb itself is used in its initial form (without endings).
Examples:
Did you go to school yesterday? – Did you go to school yesterday?
Did they feed your cat? Did they feed your cat?
Meaning of the Past Simple: when is the past simple used?
In most cases, Past Simple denotes an action that happened at some point in the past. Unlike , it does not denote a continuing, lasting action. Consider the basic meanings of the past simple tense.
- An action that happened in the past (basic case).
Action in the past, usually accompanied by clarifications like yesterday(yesterday), last week(last week), in 2011(in 2011), about two hours ago(about two hours ago) and so on.
It can be an action that happened at a certain moment:
I returned from the meeting an hour ago. I got back from the meeting an hour ago.
We arrived in London at seven thirty-two PM. We arrived in London at seven thirty-two in the evening.
Approximate time in the past:
Karen purchased new car yesterday. Karen bought a new car yesterday.
We met in 2011 . – We met in 2011.
Or just in the past, without specifying the time:
I lost my phone. - I lost my phone.
He won.- He won.
- An action that has been repeated in the past.
In this case, there is time in the sentence, otherwise it would not be clear what is meant. For example: last summer- last summer, every evening- every evening.
Last summer I spent a lot of time in country - Last summer I spent a lot of time outside the city (that is, I was out of town from time to time).
She visited us almost every evening - She visited us almost every evening.
In the meaning of "repeated action in the past" is often used instead of the past simple tense.
This is one of the most commonly used tenses in English. His second name is Indefinite (indefinite). Past Simple describes events, facts and incidents that happened in the past.
The simple past refers to a group of tenses that express temporal uncertainty.
What is Past Simple used for?
- before (before);
- as soon as (as soon as);
- untill (not yet);
- after (after);
- when (when).
Examples:
- as soon as John graduated from the college, he found an appropriate work - As soon as John graduated from college, he found a suitable job.
- She was surprised when I saw her - She was surprised when I saw her.
As you can see from the examples, Past Simple is used in both parts.
Past Simple Rules
In most cases, to form the simple past, you need to add a particle "ed" to the initial form of the verb. Irregular verbs have their own forms. There are spelling features of the spelling of verbs with the ending "ed".
Consider the basic rules for writing:
- If the verb ends in -y, and before -y, there is a consonant, then when writing -y is replaced by -i-.Example: try-tr ied ( try - tried).
- If before -y there is a vowel, then no changes occur (stay - stay ed stay-remained).
- If the verb has one closed syllable (slap clap - slapped slammed).
- Verbs consisting of several syllables (two or more) have a consonant at the end, and a short vowel in front of it, then the last consonant should be doubled (with stress falling on the last syllable). Example: (submit-submitted- surrender - surrendered).
- If the verb ends with a consonant letter L (trave l travel - travelled traveled).
Education Past Simple
When forming this tense, one should start from whether the verb is regular, or whether it belongs to the category of irregular verbs.
First, consider the rules for the formation of the simple past tense of regular verbs.
It is necessary to form the second form of the verb. It is formed by adding the ending - ed to the verb (there is a special form for irregular ones). There are no facial changes.
affirmative sentences
Consider examples of the formation of an affirmative form:
- I played - I played.
- You played
- He (she, it) played - He (she) played.
- We played - We played.
- They played - They played.
Interrogative sentences
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Past Simple with irregular verbs
- I was not a student.
- You were not a doctor.
- He was not a boy.
- It was not ahen.
- We were not happy.
- They were not upset.
Interrogative form:
- Was I a student?
- Were you a doctor?
- Was he an engineer?
- Were you happy?
- Were they upset?
There are abbreviations for negative formsto be:
- Wasn't
- Weren't
Past simple exercises with answers
- Exercise 1
Open the brackets in the sentence in the correct form:
- John (to visit) his grandparents last Saturday.
- She (to cook) a tasty breakfast yesterday.
- Beth (to go) to sleep at 11 p.m.
- What (he\to do) last Monday?
- Alice (to stay) in her mothers' flat the day before yesterday?
- The performance of the song (to be) very good, we really (to enjoy) it.
- My father usually (to take) a bus to the job.
- I (not/to/speak) Italian five years ago.
- Exercise 2
Choose the correct form of the verb to be:
- Chef (to be) angry because she (to be) late.
- Their family (to live) on the fifth floor and they (to be) very friendly.
- (To be) Alexander a clerk?
- It (to be) cold enough to sit on the bench outside.
- (To be) the supper tasty?
- Tom (to be) at the bathroom when I (to call) him.
- We (to be) so busy at work.
- My parents (to be) upset because I (to fail) my exams last week/
- Exercise 3
Expand the brackets into the correct form:
- We (to see) how she (to go out) of the supermarket.
- My grandfather (to work) in this corporation when he (to be) 25.
- He (to become) King of England in 1899.
- The prank was funny but no one (to laugh).
- What exactly (they/to watch)?
- She (to take) children home yesterday at six o'clock.
- He (not/to/add) salt in the soup. It (to be) insipid.
- Exercise 4
Put the verbs in the past tense, remembering the presence of regular and irregular verbs:
- 1 begin_____________
- change __________
- cycle __________
- hear___________
- practice___________
- _____________
- like __________
- broadcast __________
- shout __________
- seek __________
- Exercise 5
Examples of affirmative sentences translated into Past Simple. In the article, I have prepared simple suggestions, you can practice with children, students of 3rd and senior grades. Also, here I posted interrogative and negative sentences. All examples are from native English speakers.
Simple sentences translated into Past Simple
1. I had a doll. I had a doll.
2. Yesterday was Sunday. Yesterday was Sunday.
3. We listened to fairy tales. We listened to stories.
4. Mark watched cartoons. Mark watched cartoons.
5. My mom cooked a cake. My mom made a cake.
6. My dog was black. My dog was black.
7. We played outside. We played outside.
8. He liked my toys. He liked my toys.
9. They asked a teacher. They asked the teacher.
10. She helped her mom. She helped her mother.
Past Simple sentences with irregular verbs
1. We went to the zoo. We went to the zoo.
2. A cat ate. The cat ate.
3. My mom bought a doll. My mom bought a doll.
4. I took my toy. I took my toy.
5. We drink a lemonade. We drank lemonade.
6. Kate saw a rainbow. Katya saw a rainbow.
7. You draw a nice house. You drew a beautiful house.
8. They made nice flowers. They made beautiful flowers.
9. The dog run after the cat. The dog ran after the cat.
10. He told me his secret. He told me his secret.
Past Simple - sentences for high school with translation
1. I understood what the teacher said. I understood what the teacher said.
2. We had seven lessons on Monday. On Monday we had seven lessons.
3. I was at the gym last Sunday. Last Sunday I was at the gym.
4. I downloaded mp3 files on the Internet. I downloaded mp-3 files from the internet.
5. She spoke English pretty well. She spoke good English.
6. David worked all Saturday. David worked all Saturday.
7. We watched black and white movies. We watched black and white films.
8. They came here for a week. They came here for a week.
9. He traveled around the world. He traveled the world.
10. She created her own company. She created her own company.
1. I learned English. I studied English.
2. He played football. He played football.
3. We washed our hands. We washed our hands.
4. They cleaned my room. They cleaned my room.
5. She cooked spaghetti. She cooked spaghetti.
6. We baked a cake. We baked a cake.
7. I brushed my hair. I combed my hair.
9. He fixed his bike. He fixed his bike.
10. She dried her hair. She washed her hair.
1. I read a book. I was reading a book.
2. I drew a picture. I drew a picture.
3. I wrote a message. I wrote a letter.
4. I took a nap. I dozed.
5. I rode my bike. I rode a bike.
6. I swam. I swam.
7. I ate ice-cream. I ate ice cream.
8. I drank water. I drank water.
9. I went to the movies. I went to cinema.
10. I read an article. I read the article.
Past Simple examples of interrogative sentences with translation
1. Did she eat sushi? Did she eat sushi?
2. Where were they lost? Where are they lost?
3. What did he create? What did he create?
4. Who ate candies? Who ate the candy?
5. Did you boil the water? Have you boiled the water?
6. Did they usually take the subway to school? Do they usually go to Skoda by subway?
7. Did Mary watch a movie last night? Did Mary watch a movie last night?
8. When did you go to Moscow? When did you go to Moscow?
9. Did she book our flights? She booked us a flight?
10. Did you make a dinner? Have you cooked dinner? I didn't write a letter.
5. You didn't come to my birthday party. You didn't come to my birthday.
6. He didn't chop the onions. He didn't cut the onion.
5. Tom didn't know that. Tom didn't know about it.
7. My father didn't take a taxi to the airport. Father didn't take a taxi to the airport.
8. We didn't live in America. We didn't live in America.
9. Mark and David were not excellent students in high school. Mark and David weren't good students in high school.
10. He didn't eat spicy food when he lived in China. When he lived in China, he didn't eat spicy food.